This study aims to analyze the acute effects of PM
2.5
, PM
10
, SO
2
, NO
2
, and O
3
on hospitalizations for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), stroke, and ...myocardial infarction (MI) from 2014 to 2017 in Shenyang, China. Hospitalization records for AECOPD (17,655), stroke (276,736) and MI (26,235) and air pollutions concentration data (PM
2.5
, PM
10
, SO
2
, NO
2
, and O
3
) were collected. A generalized additive model (GAM) was utilized to determine the impact of air pollutants on the relative risk (RR) of hospitalization for AECOPD, stroke, and MI. Stratified analysis for AECOPD was based on gender and age. It was based on gender, age, hypertension, and diabetes for stroke, and for MI it was based on gender, age, and coronary atherosclerosis. The lag effect for AECOPD in terms of gender analysis occurred at lag3–lag5. The hospitalization risk for stroke with hypertension due to SO
2
and NO
2
was greater than that of stroke without hypertension. The risk of hospitalization for stroke with hypertension as a comorbidity due to O
3
was lower than without hypertension. The risk of hospitalization for MI combined with coronary atherosclerosis due to PM
2.5
, PM
10
, or NO
2
was higher than that of hospitalizations for MI without coronary atherosclerosis. Air pollution increased the rate of hospitalization for AECOPD. SO
2
and O
3
appeared protective for stroke patients with coronary atherosclerosis. PM
2.5
, PM
10
, and NO
2
had no influence on total hospitalization for myocardial infarction.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the acute effect of ambient temperature on hospitalization due to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), stroke, and myocardial ...infarction (MI) in Shenyang, China. We used the distributed delayed nonlinear model to evaluate the impact of ambient temperature on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The study population was divided into four groups: < 65 group and ≥ 65 age groups, female and male groups. The < 65 age group of AECOPD patients was more likely to be affected by high ambient temperature, while the ≥ 65 age group of AECOPD patients was more sensitive to low ambient temperature. The hospitalization risk of MI admission increased in the ≥ 65 age group at 1–8 days delay under low ambient temperature conditions.
A HAT based large PAH discotic molecule PN8 is developed. The enlarged chromophoric core and doping heteroatoms enable colorimetric and fluorometric sensing of Cu2+ and Zn2+ with highly appreciable ...optical changes, good selectivity and low detection limit. Moreover, PN8 was demonstrated as an excellent adsorbent to remove Cu2+ and Zn2+ from wastewater.
A HAT based large PAH discotic molecule PN8 is developed. The enlarged chromophoric core and doping heteroatoms enable colorimetric and fluorometric sensing of Cu2+and Zn2+ with highly appreciable optical changes, good selectivity and low detection limit. Moreover, PN8 was demonstrated as an excellent adsorbent to remove Cu2+ and Zn2+ from wastewater. Display omitted
To investigate the effect of temperature, humidity and the concentration of ambient air pollution on the hospitalization of AECOPD.
Hospitalization record was obtained from Shenyang Medical Insurance ...Bureau, concluding patient's age, gender, income hospital time, outcome hospital; Generalized additive model was used to analyze the relationship between temperature, humidity, the concentration of ambient air pollution and the hospitalization of AECOPD.
The effect of ozone on admission rate in male group was higher than that in female group. Ambient air pollution had a weak influence on age≤50 group. It was found that the optimal lag day for daily relative 40 humidity to age≤50 group, 50<age≤60, 60<age≤70 group and age>70 group was on lag5, lag4, lag4 and lag5, respectively.
Air pollution, relative humidity and temperature can increase the risk of admission for acute exacerbation of COPD, and in this process there was a lag effect.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The recently proposed twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) effectively overcomes the key capacity limitation without quantum relay and achieves long-distance quantum key distribution. In this ...paper, based on the TF-QKD protocol by Lucamarini et al. M. Lucamarini, Z.L. Yuan, J.F. Dynes, A.J. Shields, Nature
557
, 400 (2018), we propose a scheme where the weak coherent state (WCS) is replaced by a heralded single photon source (HSPS), and compare their performance by calculating the key rate. The numerical simulation results show that TF-QKD using HSPS can still break through the rate-distance limitation. Specifically, compared with the WCS TF-QKD protocol, the HSPS TF-QKD protocol has a lower secret key rate but a greater distance. Thus we show the TF-QKD with HSPS is a more preferable protocol for long distance transmittance.
Graphical abstract
Novel hexagonal nanoplates (NPLs) comprised of mesoporous carbon containing imbedded magnetic Co nanoparticles (CoAl
O
phase) are prepared through direct carbonization of polydopamine (PDA)-coated ...CoAl layered double hydroxide (LDH). A uniform PDA coating initially covers the surface of LDH by dopamine self-polymerization under mild conditions. Well-dispersed Co nanoparticles are formed in the NPLs by the partial reduction of cobalt from Co
to Co
with surface carbon during the heat treatment process. The surface morphology and specific surface area of the as-prepared NPLs can be tailored by adjusting the initial dopamine concentration and carbonization temperature. The mesoporous NPLs exhibit excellent sorption of rhodamine B (RhB) dye and fast magnetic separation in aqueous solution. Over 95% of RhB can be adsorbed within 2 min and the adsorption reaches equilibrium after about 30 min. The maximum adsorption capacity approaches 172.41 mg/g. After regeneration, this adsorbent can be recycled easily by magnetic separation and still possess good adsorption capacity for RhB removal, even after five cycles.
Round-robin differential phase-shift (RRDPS) is one of the most promising quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol. Because cutting off the link between phase error and bit error and needing not of ...monitor the signal disturbance, the RRDPS protocol is in principle highly robust against channel disturbance for a large pulse packet size L and provides a new route towards QKD over long distances. However, once the experimental system is set up, the value of L is fixed. It cannot choose an optimal L to maximize the final key rate. In this paper, we propose a round-pulse time delayer, which can effectively realize the adjustable and a wide range of delay selection. This round-pulse time delayer has the advantages of simple structure and stable performance, which ensures the wide application for RRDPS-QKD protocol.
•The maximum L value of RRDPS-QKD protocol is not limited by the fixed device.•The length of delay time can be controlled by different phase coding.•An adjustable round-pulse time delayer is experimentally demonstrated.
A new type of CuO patched NaTaO3 catalyst is exploited for selective photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol.
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A synthetic process was exploited to fabricate patchy CuO evenly ...planted on cubic NaTaO3 for photocatalytically reducing CO2 in isopropanol. The nano patches of CuO with about 15 nm in size were uniformly distributed on the surface of NaTaO3 via a phase-transfer protocol and solvothermal synthesis. The crystal phase, morphology, composition, optical absorption and charge separation of as-prepared CuO-NaTaO3 were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, XPS, UV–Vis and PL. The results of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 confirmed that the CuO patched NaTaO3 possessed better ability to separate charge carriers and selectively reduce CO2 to methanol than CuO directly loaded NaTaO3 using the traditional liquid phase reduction procedure after comparing the methanol yields. Furthermore, 5 wt% CuO patched NaTaO3 led to the highest methanol yield of 1302.22 μmol g−1 h−1. A redox mechanism was proposed and illustrated in a schematic diagram.
Monodisperse patchy silica nanoparticles (PSNPs) less than 100 nm are prepared based on the seed-regrowth method using a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)–poly(propylene oxide) (PPO)–PEO-type block ...copolymer as a surface modifier. Well-defined patches are controllably synthesized through area-selective deposition of silica onto the surface of seeds. After colloidal PSNPs are further modified with trimethylchlorosilane, the advancing and receding contact angles of water for PSNPs are 168 ± 2° and 167 ± 2°, respectively. The superhydrophobic and transparent coatings on the various types of substrates are obtained by a simple drop-casting procedure. Additionally, almost the same superhydrophobicity can be achieved by using colloidal PSNPs via redispersing the powder of superhydrophobic PSNPs in ethanol.
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Amphiphilic block copolymers are able to assemble into spherical micelles in an aqueous solution. Spherical micelles are expected to adsorb on the surface of colloidal nanoparticles ...(NPs) through hydrogen-bonding interaction. Hence, it should be possible to guide the area-selective deposition of precursors onto the exposed surface of colloidal seeds, where no micelles are adsorbed. Using colloidal silica and polydopamine nanospheres as seeds, block copolymer F127 and P123 are used as surface modifiers to guide the controlled solution-phase deposition of precursors on a selectively exposed surface of seed NPs, leading to the formation of patchy NPs. Effects of the addition amount of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), types of block copolymers, and the volume fraction of miscible organic solvents on the size and morphology of patchy silica NPs are investigated systematically through electron microscopic imaging. Block copolymer micelles adsorption model for the formation of colloidal patchy NPs is first proposed. Our study suggests that the shape and size of patchy silica NPs are determined by the amount of TEOS and dielectric constant of solution.
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