Developing low-carbon advanced processes for sustainable wastewater treatment is of great importance to increase bioenergy recovery and to reduce the greenhouse gas effect. In this study, the ...influence of adding 25 g/L of granular activated carbon (GAC) on the process performance was studied with a lab-scale GAC amended anaerobic dynamic membrane (G-AnDMBR) used to treat real domestic wastewater, which was compared to a control bioreactor without the GAC addition (C-AnDMBR). Due to the initial adsorption effect of GAC and the high microbial activity of the attached biomass of GAC, the G-AnDMBR achieved a better removal of the total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) and turbidity compared to the C-AnDMBR, with the average removal rate increasing from 82.1% to 86.7% and from 88.7% to 93.2%. The gaseous methane production increased from 0.08 ± 0.05 to 0.14 ± 0.04 L/d, and the total methane production rate was enhanced from 0.21 ± 0.11 to 0.23 ± 0.09 LCH4/gCOD. Thus, the treatment performance of the G-AnDMBR was superior to that of the C-AnDMBR, and the addition of GAC could improve the effluent quality during the initial dynamic membrane formation process. In addition, the buffering effect of GAC made the G-AnDMBR maintain a relatively stable solution environment. The G-AnDMBR showed a transmembrane pressure (TMP) increasing rate of 0.045 kPa/d, which was obviously lower than that of the C-AnDMBR (0.057 kPa/d) because the nonfluidized GAC could trap fine sludge particles and adsorb soluble extracellular polymer substances (SEPSs), thus inhibiting the over formation of the dynamic membrane layer. A microbial property analysis indicated that GAC induced a change in the microbial community and enhanced the gene abundance of type IV pili and that it also potentially accelerated the direct interspecific electron transfer (DIET) among syntrophic bacteria and methanogens by enriching specific functional microorganisms. The results indicated that the integration of GAC and the AnDMBR process can be a cost-effective and promising alternative for domestic wastewater treatment and bioenergy recovery.
•MiR-758-3p is down-expressed in HCC.•MiR-758-3p suppresses HCC cells proliferation, migration and invasion.•MiR-758-3p can target MDM2 and mTOR directly and inhibit their expression.•Down-regulation ...of MDM2 and mTOR can inhibit HCC cells proliferation, migration and invasion.•MDM2-p53 cycle and mTOR pathways are involved in the mechanism miR-758-3p effects HCC.
Hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide and among the leading causes of cancer-related death. Although deregulation of microRNAs has been frequently described in HCC, imperfection is known about the precise molecular mechanisms by which microRNAs modulate the process of tumorogenesis and behavior of cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-758-3p could suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. We screened and identified two novel miR-758-3p targets, MDM2 and mTOR. Up-regulation of miR-758-3p could specifically and markedly down-regulate the expression of MDM2 and mTOR. Additionally, miR-758-3p over-expression displayed significant suppression in HCC development. To identify the mechanisms, we further investigated the P53 and mTOR pathway and found that p-p70S6 kinase(Ser371), p-p70 S6 kinase(Thr389) and p-4E-BP1were dramatically down-regulated after miR-758-3p transfection, while an enhanced expression of P53, AKT and PRAS40 were visualized, thus suggesting that the role of miR-758-3p in HCC progression may be associated with MDM2-p53 and mTOR signaling pathways. Collectively, our results indicate that miR-758-3pserves as a tumor suppressor and plays a crucial role in inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC via targeting MDM2 and mTOR and implicate its potential application in cancer therapy.
Intelligent algorithm has been widely implemented to effectively diagnose faults in industrial instrument, electrical equipment and mechanical equipment. In addition, the rapid development of sensing ...technology generated enormous time series signal. Accordingly, diagnosing faults by analyzing time series signal has been widely developed. This paper aims to diagnose faults by applying improved Convolution Neural Network with Compression Enhancement (ICECNN-1D) to analyze time series signal, which effectively considers time series property of signal while diagnosing faults by artificial intelligence. Additionally, a large number of trend features and fluctuation features in high-frequency time series are also considered. the recognition rates of almost other machine learning algorithm are less than 90% in the experiments. Other methods may provide high rate of recognition, but their fluctuation of the recognition rate has varied obviously with different loads, and results provide undesirable ability of generalization under different working conditions. Comparatively, ICECNN-1D model provides high recognition rate and terrific ability of generation while processing time series with high frequency, and its accuracy of the recognition rate fluctuates inconspicuously with different loads.
Durable catalysts based on abundant metals are needed for the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (PCO2RR). Thus, we synthesized a series of low-valent cobalt(I) complexes, ...(CNC)Co(CO)2+Co(CO)4−, with H (1Co‑ ) or OMe (2Co‑ ) in the 4-position of the pyridyl N donor group (where CNC = L1 and L2 from double deprotonation of the CNC2+ preligands L1(HOTf)2 = 1,1′-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) ditriflate and L2(HOTf)2 = 1,1′-(4-methoxypyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) ditriflate). Anion exchange for BArF24− (tetrakis(3,5-trifluoromethyl)phenyl)borate) produced 1 and 2 and phosphine substitution produced 1PMe3 , 1PPh3 , and 2PPh3 complexes with the structure (CNC)Co(CO)(PR′3)+BArF24−. In 1DPPP , the DPPP ligand bridges two Co(I) centers (DPPP = 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane). All complexes were fully characterized, and electrochemical measurements suggest that for most of the phosphine complexes, CO2 binding by the complex occurs prior to reduction due to a vacant coordination site. Intriguingly, the introduction of a phosphine ligand resulted in a geometry change from trigonal bipyramidal to square pyramidal which correlates to preassociation of CO2 to the complex and higher reactivity in the PCO2RR. Complexes 1, 1PMe3 , 1PPh3 , 1DPPP , 2, 2PPh3 , and NaCo(CO)4 are PCO2RR catalysts with a methoxy substituent deactivating and a phosphine ligand activating. With monodentate phosphines, catalyst 1PPh3 (1 μM) had the highest turnover frequency (TOFM = 3.9 h–1) and turnover number (TON = 199). The dinuclear 1DPPP complex was the most active and robust catalyst with TON = 278 and TOF = 21.1 h–1 at 1 μM loading. Under dilute conditions (1 nM), 1PPh3 produced up to 36,000 TON with TOF = ∼800 h–1 over 6 days, which shows that this is a durable molecular catalyst acting with fast rates in the PCO2RR. Thus, stabilizing low-valent cobalt can offer a unique entry point to highly active PCO2RR catalysts. While cobalt(I) has been proposed as a catalytic species, catalysts that start from Co(I) have not been made previously and the use of phosphine co-ligands has allowed these catalysts to achieve high activity.
Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has significantly prolonged patient survival. However, ccRCC displays an extreme heterogenous characteristic and ...metastatic tendency, which limit the benefit of targeted or immune therapy. Thus, identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ccRCC is of great importance.
Pan cancer datasets, including the expression profile, DNA methylation, copy number variation, and single nucleic variation, were introduced to decode the aberrance of copper death regulators (CDRs). Then, FDX1 was systematically analyzed in ccRCC to evaluate its impact on clinical characteristics, prognosis, biological function, immune infiltration, and therapy response. Finally, in vivo experiments were utilized to decipher FDX1 in ccRCC malignancy and its role in tumor immunity.
Copper death regulators were identified at the pancancer level, especially in ccRCC. FDX1 played a protective role in ccRCC, and its expression level was significantly decreased in tumor tissues, which might be regulated via CNV events. At the molecular mechanism level, FDX1 positively regulated fatty acid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, FDX1 overexpression restrained ccRCC cell line malignancy and enhanced tumor immunity by increasing the secretion levels of IL2 and TNFγ.
Our research illustrated the role of FDX1 in ccRCC patients' clinical outcomes and its impact on tumor immunity, which could be treated as a promising target for ccRCC patients.
In the version of this Article originally published, the volume, article number and year of ref. 32 were incorrect; they should have read 31, 1802348 (2019). This has now been corrected.
The C-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 is widely used to inhibit the JNK-mediated Bax activation and cell apoptosis. However, this report demonstrates that SP600125 synergistically ...enhances the dihydroartemisinin (DHA)-induced human lung adenocarcinoma cell apoptosis by accelerating Bax translocation and subsequent intrinsic apoptotic pathway involving mitochondrial membrane depolarization, cytochrome
c release, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation. The dynamical analysis of GFP-Bax mobility inside single living cells using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching revealed that SP600125 aggravated the DHA-induced decrease of Bax mobility and Bax translocation. These results for the first time present a novel pro-apoptotic action of SP600125 in DHA-induced apoptosis.
The wilting process is required for the preparation of traditional low-moisture silage, which is not only subject to the interference of rainfall during the harvest season in many areas, but also ...increases labor, economic, and time costs. Therefore, in this experiment, newly harvested alfalfa was supplemented with a complex additive consisting of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), sucrose, and corn flour, and then ensiled directly in order to explore a suitable high-moisture silage processing method. There were four groups: control (CK), 0.01 g/kg LAB plus 2% sugar (S), 0.01 g/kg LAB plus 5% corn flour (C5), and 0.01 g/kg LAB plus 5% corn flour (C10). The results show that all four types of silage had significantly reduced acid detergent fiber, acetic acid content, and ammonia/total nitrogen (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. was significantly higher (p < 0.05), and that of Weissella, Clostridium sensu stricto 12, and Pantoea genera was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in all four treatments. Group S had significantly increased crude protein content, and groups C5 and C10 had significantly reduced neutral detergent fiber. Overall, group C10 had the highest LA concentration, the highest relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp., and the lowest pH, ammonia/total nitrogen, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber. Silage with a complex additive consisting of LAB + 10% corn flour is recommended to achieve good fermentation with high nutritional quality.
The effects of the alloying sequence and refining time on the inclusions in Fe–9Cr alloy reinforced with Y2O3 nanoparticles were investigated. The size and number of inclusions in the alloys were ...determined via optical microscopy, and their morphology and composition were determined via scanning electron microscopy. The Y2O3 mainly acted as a nucleating agent in the Si–Mn+Y2O3+Ti alloying process, promoting the precipitation of other oxides, which was beneficial for the formation of Y–Ti–O particles. In contrast, no Y–Ti inclusions were formed when the Si–Mn+Ti+Y2O3 alloying process was employed. In addition, the inclusions in the alloy tended to stabilize after refinement for 5–10 min. This study offers a general pathway for the manufacture of oxide dispersion strengthened steel via a smelting process.
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