Objective
To evaluate the changes in alveolar contour after guided bone regeneration (GBR) with two different combinations of biomaterials in dehiscence defects around implants.
Material and methods
...Chronic alveolar ridge defects were created bilaterally in the mandible of eight Beagle dogs. Once implants were placed, three treatment groups were randomly allocated to each peri-implant dehiscence defect: (i) test group received a bone substitute composed of hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) covered by a cross-linked collagen membrane, (ii) positive control group with placement of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) plus a porcine natural collagen membrane, and (iii) a negative control with no treatment. Two healing periods (8 and 16 weeks) were evaluated. Dental casts were optically scanned, the obtained files were uploaded into an image analysis software and superimposed to evaluate the linear changes.
Results
In both healing periods, the gains in linear contours were higher in the test group and at the intermediate level (3 mm below the gingival margin). While at 8 weeks, no significant differences were found between the groups; at 16 weeks, the test and positive control groups demonstrated significant gains in contour compared with negative control.
Conclusions
GBR using different biomaterials significantly increased the buccal contours of the alveolar crest when used at dehiscence defects around dental implants.
Clinical relevance
Particulate highly porous synthetic bone substitute and a cross-linked collagen membrane demonstrated similar outcomes in terms of contour augmentation when compared to bovine xenograft (DBBM) and a collagen membrane.
Objective
To evaluate the hard tissue volumetric and soft tissue contour linear changes in implants with two different implant surface characteristics after a ligature-induced peri-implantitis.
...Material and methods
In eight beagle dogs, implants with the same size and diameter but distinct surface characteristics were placed in the healed mandibular sites. Test implants had an external monolayer of multi-phosphonate molecules (B+), while control implants were identical but without the phosphonate-rich surface. Once the implants were osseointegrated, oral hygiene was interrupted and peri-implantitis was induced by placing subgingival ligatures. After 16 weeks, the ligatures were removed and peri-implantitis progressed spontaneously. Bone to implant contact (BIC) and bone loss (BL) were assessed three-dimensionally with Micro-Ct (μCT). Dental casts were optically scanned and the obtained digitalized standard tessellation language (STL) images were used to assess the soft tissue vertical and horizontal contour linear changes.
Results
Reduction of the three-dimensional BIC percentage during the induction and progression phases of the experimental peri-implantitis was similar for both the experimental and control implants, without statistically significant differences between them. Soft tissue analysis revealed for both implant groups an increase in horizontal dimension after the induction of peri-implantitis, followed by a decrease after the spontaneous progression period. In the vertical dimension, a soft tissue dehiscence was observed in both groups, being more pronounced at the buccal aspect.
Conclusions
The added phosphonate-rich surface did not provide a more resistant environment against experimental peri-implantitis, when assessed by the changes in bone volume and soft tissue contours.
Clinical relevance
Ligature-induced peri-implantitis is a validated model to study the tissue changes occurring during peri-implantitis. It was hypothesized that a stronger osseointegration mediated by the chemical bond of a phosphonate-rich implant surface would develop an environment more resistant to the inflammatory changes occurring after experimental peri-implantitis. These results, however, indicate that the hard and soft tissue destructive changes occurring at both the induction and progression phases of experimental peri-implantitis were not influenced by the quality of osseointegration.
Objectives
The purpose of this experimental in vivo investigation was to evaluate the influence of modifying the implant surface by adding a monolayer of multi-phosphonate molecules on the ...development of experimental peri-implantitis.
Material and methods
Eight beagle dogs received 5 tests and 5 control implants each following a split-mouth design 3 months after premolar and molar extraction. On the most mesial implant of each side, a 3-mm buccal dehiscence was artificially created. Experimental peri-implantitis was induced by silk ligatures over a 4-month period; after ligature removal, peri-implantitis was left to progress for another 4 months without plaque control. Clinical, histological, and radiographic outcomes were evaluated.
Results
Radiographically, both implant groups showed a similar bone loss (BL) at the end of the induction and progression phases. BL measured on the histological sections of the test and control groups was 3.14 ± 0.42 mm and 3.26 ± 0.28 mm, respectively; the difference was not statistically significant (
p
> 0.05). The remaining buccal bone to implant contact (bBIC) percentage of the test and control groups was 59.38 ± 18.62 and 47.44 ± 20.46%, respectively; the difference, however, was not statistically significant (
p
> 0.05). Bone loss observed at dehiscent sites compared to non-dehiscent ones showed no statistically significant difference (
p
> 0.05).
Conclusions
Addition of a monophosphonate layer to a moderately rough implant surface did not affect development of experimental peri-implantitis.
Clinical relevance
Influence of implant surface on peri-implantitis may condition implant selection by the clinician, especially on patients with disease risk factors. In that sense, monophosphate layer implants do not show higher peri-implantitis risk than control implants.
In the context of bio-deterioration of cultural heritage, the
Lavandula angustifolia
Mill. plant proves to be of interest for a green approach to the preservation of art manufacts on organic media. ...Supercritical CO
2
fluid extraction (SFE) was utilized to obtain both lavender essential oil (E2LS3) and hydrolate (E2LS3A), while ultrasound assisted maceration in
n
-hexane:ethanol (99:1, v:v) provided LA2/1 extract. The extracts, all chemically characterized by UHPLC-HRMS and GC–MS analyses, were screened for their antifungal capability towards six fungi isolated from the plywood support of Haim Steinbach's contemporary artwork "Un-color becomes alter ego #2" (1984). To this purpose, disk diffusion method was applied on both mycelium and conidial suspensions to unravel whether the inhibitory activity affects the growth of fungi at different life cycle stages. The micro-atmosphere method was also explored to assess the response of fungal growth in a saturated atmosphere. Data acquired highlighted that SFE-obtained lavender essential oil, whose oxygenated monoterpene part mostly accounting for terpinene-4-ol, borneol, linalool, camphor, and 1,8-cineole, proves to be a dose- and time-dependent inhibitor of fungal growth. It has also been shown that exposure to the oil vapor phase is more effective at very low dose levels. The promising results allow us to hypothesize the use of the essential oil for treating fungal colonization by exposure to its volatile components in a modified atmosphere environment, with no direct contact with the artwork.
Graphical abstract
To study the dynamics on the concentration of mammary secretion whey proteins of goats during the dry period eight Saanen goats were selected through traditional methods of semiology. The mammary ...secretion was assessed eight times during the 30-day dry period. Whey was obtained by coagulating mammary secretion with rennet. Total proteins concentration was determined by the biuret method and protein fractions were determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis on a 12% gel (SDS-PAGE 12%). There was an increase in protein concentration of mammary secretion serum proteins during the dry period with changes in the percentage distribution of proteins fractions, accompanied with the appearance of new fractions. It may be concluded that involution is associated with increased concentration of components of the innate (albumin, lactoferrin) and acquired (immunoglobulin) system and with evidences for increased degradation of casein.
Aims
Risk stratification in heart failure (HF) is crucial for clinical and therapeutic management. A multiparametric approach is the best method to stratify prognosis. In 2012, the Metabolic Exercise ...test data combined with Cardiac and Kidney Indexes (MECKI) score was proposed to assess the risk of cardiovascular mortality and urgent heart transplantation. The aim of the present study was to compare the prognostic accuracy of MECKI score to that of HF Survival Score (HFSS) and Seattle HF Model (SHFM) in a large, multicentre cohort of HF patients with reduced ejection fraction.
Methods and results
We collected data on 6112 HF patients and compared the prognostic accuracy of MECKI score, HFSS, and SHFM at 2‐ and 4‐year follow‐up for the combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, urgent cardiac transplantation, or ventricular assist device implantation. Patients were followed up for a median of 3.67 years, and 931 cardiovascular deaths, 160 urgent heart transplantations, and 12 ventricular assist device implantations were recorded. At 2‐year follow‐up, the prognostic accuracy of MECKI score was significantly superior area under the curve (AUC) 0.781 to that of SHFM (AUC 0.739) and HFSS (AUC 0.723), and this relationship was also confirmed at 4 years (AUC 0.764, 0.725, and 0.720, respectively).
Conclusion
In this cohort, the prognostic accuracy of the MECKI score was superior to that of HFSS and SHFM at 2‐ and 4‐year follow‐up in HF patients in stable clinical condition. The MECKI score may be useful to improve resource allocation and patient outcome, but prospective evaluation is needed.
AbstractThis paper investigates the model order determination problem in the identification of dynamic characteristics of long-span bridges subjected to ambient excitation. Based on a stochastic ...state-space model framework, a new approach for state variable estimation is proposed, which is developed for the purpose of properly determining the order of a mathematical model of the structure under consideration. Comparing the newly developed approach with existing ones, their performances for system identification are evaluated with respect to their ability to highlight structural properties against noise ones in terms of the solution of a singular value problem, from a theoretical point of view and in applications to numerical and field measurements of a suspension bridge. From these applications, it is demonstrated that the newly developed approach is the most effective among the existing ones in discriminating structural modes, including weakly excited and closely spaced modes, from noise ones in terms of singular values, even when dealing with low signal-to-noise ratio signals and nonwhite wind excitation.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, FGGLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study investigated the effects of supplementing lamb diets with plant bioactive compounds α-tocopherol, tannin and the association of both on lamb growth, blood and meat characteristics. Forty ...male lambs were housed in individual pens and assigned to four treatment groups (10 animals/group), where, for 62 d, they were fed: 1) a basal diet with soybean hulls, soybean meal and corn (Control); 2) the Control diet containing α-tocopherol (Tocopherol); 3) the Control diet containing Acacia mearnsii tannin extract (Tannin); and 4) The Control diet containing A. mearnsii extract and α-tocopherol (Tannin + tocopherol). The Tannin and Tannin + tocopherol treatments resulted in lower cold carcass weight. The concentration of α-tocopherol in the muscle was higher in Tocopherol and Tannin + tocopherol treatments. Meat lipid oxidation, after 7 days of storage, was lower (P ≤ 0.05) in lambs fed Tocopherol and Tannin + tocopherol than in the Tannin treatment, while the treatments with Tannin experienced a trend of reduced serum lipid peroxidation. Tannin diets modified the meat fatty acid profile, with an increase in C17:0 and in the PUFA/MUFA ratio and a decrease in the enzymatic Δ9-desaturase activity (C16 and C18) and in the MUFA/SFA ratio, in addition to promoting a increasing in the sum of PUFAs. Lamb supplementation with α-tocopherol and A. mearnsii tannin are alternatives capable of improving meat quality and reducing serum lipid peroxidation.
•Tannin and tocopherol in lamb diets did not affect meat pH, color and cholesterol.•Alpha-tocopherol in finishing lamb diet increased its content in the muscle.•Alpha-tocopherol in finishing lamb diet decreased the meat lipid oxidation.•Tannin in lamb diets improved meat ∑PUFA contents and reduced serum lipid oxidation.•There was no interaction between dietary tannin and tocopherol on lamb meat quality.
Background
Few long‐term studies are available comparing immediate and conventional loading protocols of implant‐supported single‐tooth replacement.
Purpose
The aim of the present randomized ...controlled clinical trial was to evaluate prospectively the 5‐year clinical and radiological outcome of immediate functional loading implants used in single‐tooth replacement.
Materials and Methods
One hundred fifty‐one subjects, who required single‐tooth rehabilitation in the area from position 15 to 25 and from 35 to 45, were enrolled in eight private clinics in Italy. A randomization protocol was applied to allocate the implants in three treatment groups: one control group and two test groups. In the control group, implant placement was performed according to a conventional drilling procedure, and the implants were submerged for 3 months before abutment connection and loading. Implants allocated in the test group 1 and 2 followed an immediate functional loading protocol. While in test group 1, implant placement was performed according to conventional drilling procedure, in test group 2, a modified implant installation procedure (osteotome technique) was applied. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed during the 5‐year follow‐up, and technical and biological complications were registered.
Results
Although four implants (three in the test group 2 and one in the test group 1) were lost in the immediate functional loading groups in the first year of follow‐up, no further implant loss occurred in any of the treatment groups in the following monitoring period up to 5 years. No significant differences on marginal bone level changes were observed between the treatment groups. About 52% of all implants showed bone gain in the period from 1‐year to 5‐year follow‐up. The percentage of all implants that in the same interval of time showed bone loss was about 28%. Although few technical complications were recorded in the period of time up to 5 years, implants showing biological complication were 5.7%.
Conclusion
It is suggested that implants installed with a conventional installation technique together with an immediate functional loading protocol may be considered as a valid treatment alternative in a long‐term perspective when used in a single‐tooth replacement in an esthetic area.
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