All-sky camera observations carried out over Taiwan showed intense equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) in 630.0 nm airglow images on consecutive nights of 13-16 March 2015 but were absent in the ...following night of 17 March when St. Patrick's Day magnetic storm occurred. Rate of total electron content (TEC) index by using Global Positioning System (GPS) network data also confirmed the absence of irregularities on the night 17 March. The results, however, revealed strong irregularities over Indian sector on the same night. Flux tube integrated Rayleigh-Taylor instability growth rates computed using the prior (forecast) state of Thermosphere-Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model output after assimilating the GPS-TEC measurements also agree with the observations, showing smaller values over Taiwan and larger values over India on the night of 17 March. The ionospheric response to the storm over Taiwan that resulted in the apparent inhibition of EPB is investigated in this study by using the data assimilation output. Results indicate that on the night of the magnetic storm, prereversal enhancement of zonal electric field over Taiwan was weaker when compared to that over India. Further analysis suggests that the absence of enhancement in the zonal electric field could be due to westward penetration electric field in response to rapid northward turning of interplanetary magnetic field that occurred during the dusk period over Taiwan. Key Points Absence of plasma bubbles over Taiwan on St. Patricks' Day storm night despite occurring on previous four nights Data assimilation forecast indicates suppression of prereversal enhancement of eastward electric field over Taiwan Possible westward penetration electric field due to rapid northward turning of IMF Bz when Taiwan was in the dusk sector
Abstract Background Invasive assessment of coronary physiology (IACP) offers important prognostic insights in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) but the dynamics of coronary recovery ...are poorly understood. Objectives This study sought to examine the evolution of coronary flow reserve (CFR), index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), ratio of distal coronary pressure (Pd) to mean aortic pressure (Pa), and fractional flow reserve (FFR) in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods 82 patients with STEMI underwent IACP at PPCI. Repeat IACP was performed in 61 patients (74%) at day 1 and in 46 patients (56%) at 6 months. Contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) was performed in 45 patients (55%) at day 1 and in 41 patients (50%) at 6 months. Changes in IACP were compared between patients with and without microvascular obstruction (MVO) on CMR. Results MVO was present in 21 of 45 patients (47%). Patients with MVO had lower CFR at PPCI and day 1 (p < 0.05) and a trend toward higher IMR values (p = 0.07). At 6 months, CFR and IMR were not significantly different between the groups. Baseline flow and Pd/Pa remained stable over time but FFR reduced significantly between PPCI and 6 months (p = 0.008); this reduction was mainly observed in patients with MVO (p = 0.006) but not in those without MVO (p = 0.21). Conclusions In PPCI-treated patients with STEMI, coronary microcirculation begins to recover within 24 h and recovery progresses further by 6 months. FFR significantly reduces from baseline to 6 months. The presence of MVO indicates a highly dysfunctional microcirculation.
The Hydrogen and Fluorine planar armchairs graphene nanoribbons (H and F AGNRs), subjected to twist deformation within fixed periodic boundary conditions, eventually morph to a helical conformations ...are investigated at few tractable points. Unlike structural properties, no effect of symmetries on mechanical properties is observed, though passivation does have a significant effect on mechanical as well as on electrical properties. Hookes law for severely twisted AGNRs indicates the high elasticity of H-AGNRs whereas the F-AGNRs shows plasticity after threshold torsional strain. Torsional stress(\(E_{\theta}\)) is approximated from the variation in total energy(\({\Delta}E\)) with square of torsional strain(\({\theta}^4 {\Sigma}^4\)). Further, the effect of passivation on the electronic properties of helical conformations with different torsional strain is decisive in metal-to-semimetal and semimetal-to-metal transition. The band gap response of narrow GNRs N=6, 7 and 8, within a fixed cell under sever twisting arranged itself in two group as (i) monotonously increasing for q=0,2 and (ii) decreasing for q=1, here q=mod(N,3) in effective strain space (\({\theta}^2 {\Sigma}^2\)). This trend has also been observed for Fluorine passivated AGNRs, though band gap of N=7 F-AGNRs drops from 0.95eV to 0.05eV at extreme torsional strain forming Dirac cone at K allows dissipation less transport for longer wavelength electrons.
Heterocyclic 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety has been used as a new π-conjugation relay to prepare a number of donor–acceptor molecules carrying a π-electron-rich aromatic ring as a donor and either a
...p-nitrophenyl or a pyridine/pyridinium ring as an acceptor. Several of these oxadiazoles display significant second-order molecular nonlinearity,
β (14–124
×
10
−30 esu) and provide the basis for future design of efficient nonlinear optical materials having the oxadiazole core.
The purpose of this study was to investigate dosimetry (reproducibility, energy correction, relative response with distance from source, linearity with threshold dose, rate of fading, temperature and ...angular dependence) of a newly designed OneDosetrade mark MOSFET patient dosimetry system for use in HDR brachytherapy with Ir-192 energy. All measurements were performed with a MicroSelectron HDR unit and OneDose MOSFET detectors. All dosimeters were normalized to 3 min post-irradiation to minimize fading effects. All dosimeters gave reproducible readings with mean deviation of 1.8% (SD 0.4) and 2.4% (SD 0.6) for 0 degrees and 180 degrees incidences, respectively. The mean energy correction factor was found to be 1.1 (range 1.06-1.12). Overall, there was 60% and 40% mean response of the MOSFET at 2 and 3 cm, respectively, from the source. MOSFET results showed good agreement with TLD and parallel plate ion chamber. Linear dose response with threshold voltage shift was observed with applied doses of 0.3 Gy-5 Gy with Ir-192 energy. Linearity (R2 = 1) was observed in the MOSFET signal with the applied dose range of 0.3 Gy-5 Gy with Ir-192 energy. Fading effects were less than 1% after 10 min and the MOSFET detectors stayed stable (within 5%) over a period of 1 month. The MOSFET response was found to be decreased by approximately 1.5% at 37 degrees C compared to 20 degrees C. The isotropic response of the MOSFET was found to be within +/-6%. A maximum deviation of 5.5% was obtained between 0 degrees and 180 degrees for both the axes and this should be considered in clinical applications. The small size, cable-less, instant readout, permanent storage of dose and ease of use make the MOSFET a novel dosimeter and beneficial to patients for skin dose measurements with HDRBT using an Ir-192 source compared to the labour demanding and time-consuming TLDs.
Brown and beige adipocytes are specialized cells that express uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and dissipate chemical energy as heat. These cells likely possess alternative UCP1-independent thermogenic ...mechanisms. Here, we identify a secreted enzyme, peptidase M20 domain containing 1 (PM20D1), that is enriched in UCP1+ versus UCP1− adipocytes. We demonstrate that PM20D1 is a bidirectional enzyme in vitro, catalyzing both the condensation of fatty acids and amino acids to generate N-acyl amino acids and also the reverse hydrolytic reaction. N-acyl amino acids directly bind mitochondria and function as endogenous uncouplers of UCP1-independent respiration. Mice with increased circulating PM20D1 have augmented respiration and increased N-acyl amino acids in blood. Lastly, administration of N-acyl amino acids to mice improves glucose homeostasis and increases energy expenditure. These data identify an enzymatic node and a family of metabolites that regulate energy homeostasis. This pathway might be useful for treating obesity and associated disorders.
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•PM20D1 is a secreted enzyme that regulates N-acyl amino acids in vivo•N-acyl amino acids are endogenous metabolites that uncouple mitochondria•Increased PM20D1 or N-acyl amino acid administration augments energy expenditure
Brown and beige fat cells secrete an enzyme that tacks lipids on to amino acids. These N-acyl amino acids directly activate mitochondria for thermogenesis.
There is a phenomenal growth in geospatial data due to rapid advancement in remote sensing technologies. Geospatial data has become ubiquitous in many applications such as disaster management, town ...planning, environmental observations, military systems, etc. The demand for geospatial data and related technologies is increasing continuously due to easy access to high resolution geospatial data at an affordable cost. Furthermore, modern computing systems enables to store and process these high-resolution data within a tolerable time limit. Track datasets are geospatial data that represents the information about geospatial movements of objects or events sensed from moving sensors. A track is a spatio-temporal data measured in land, sea and air through a sensor such as RADAR, SONAR or LiDAR. A track data can be modelled as position, speed, time etc. of an object or event. During the capture and monitoring of track data, the volume of data generated is very large and depends on time and space resolution of the measuring sensor. Track data are very much useful in analyzing and planning of land, water and air path navigation.The track data is being recorded in a very high volume, thus processing and displaying it in real time becomes a challenging task. It is very much necessary to reduce the track dataset without affecting the track shape and size significantly. i.e the route is being simplified with few numbers of joining points or polygons, which makes the visualisation process easy and interactive. In this paper, we propose an efficient approach for implementation of Douglas-Peucker algorithm for Map simplification of track data. Douglas-Peucker algorithm is one of the classic and popular algorithms that is generally applied for line simplification. The current work modifies this existing algorithm and adapt it for simplifying the history of a track for efficient map rendering. This reduces the track size significantly while preserving its original shape and size.
H. pylori Antigen Detection in Stool Martin, JJ; Anbumani, N; Kalyani, M ...
Indian journal of medical microbiology,
January-March 2006, 2006-Jan, 2006-01-00, 20060101, Letnik:
24, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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