Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 114/PUU-XX/2022 yang menegaskan sistem pemilihan umum diselenggarakan melalui sistem proporsional dengan daftar terbuka, yang dalam pertimbangannya memberikan ...pandangan yang mengarah pada penguatan peran dan fungsi partai politik selaku peserta pemilihan umum agar menciptakan pemilihan umum yang berkualitas dan berintegritas sesuai dengan amanat konstitusi. Hal didasarkan pada munculnya paradigma yang kurang baik bagi partai politik sebagai instrumen demokrasi. Metode yang digunakan menguraikan tulisan ini yaitu yuridis normatif dengan pengumpulan data sekunder melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil tulisan ini menunjukkan Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai penafsir final konstitusi dan pelindung demokrasi dalam pertimbangan Putusan 114/PUU-XX/2022 memberikan tafsirannya terhadap konstitusi guna memperbaiki implementasi peran dan fungsi partai politik selaku peserta pemilihan umum dalam penyelenggaraan pemilihan umum. Walaupun pertimbangan Mahkamah Konstitusi tidak memiliki daya paksa (non-eksekutorial), tetapi pertimbangan tersebut mengarahkan pada pelaksanaan demokrasi yang sesuai dengan konstitusi melalui penyelenggaraan pemilihan umum.
Viscose rayon is a natural fabric from regenerated cellulose derived from wood pulp, bamboo, or cotton linters. The viscose rayon industry relies on electricity to generate steam for textile ...production. This study aims to optimize the 45-ton-per-hour Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion (AFBC) boiler. Its efficiency is 78.16%, lower than the industry benchmark of 85.78%. Boiler efficiency decreases as the flue gas temperature increases, reaching 220 degrees Celsius, indicating suboptimal coal fuel utilization for water heating. The study explores two controllable variables: coal calorific value and combustion air mass flow rate for optimum efficiency. ANSYS Fluent 2021, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, is used for analysis. Boiler efficiency is calculated using the indirect method following ASME PTC 4.0. The research shows that adjusting the combustion air mass flow rate and coal calorific value increases efficiency to 81.04%.
The ease of transactions in the digital era has resulted in increased competitiveness between companies in the trade sector. To maintain the existence of the company, it is not uncommon for companies ...to restructure through the acquisition process. However, the acquisition process has an impact on the existence of workers in the previous company, especially on workers entering retirement age. Law Number 6 of 2023 on Job Creation Article 61 paragraph (3) regulates the transfer of responsibility for workers' rights which illustrates that the new employer is responsible for fulfilling workers' rights, but the transfer agreement allowed by this law does not guarantee the fulfillment of workers' rights as a whole. Therefore, it is necessary to know the legal certainty of workers entering retirement age in companies that experience acquisitions and the implementation of severance pay rights for workers entering retirement age in companies that experience acquisitions. The legal approach involves looking at secondary data or library resources. The results showed that Law Number 6 of 2023 on Job Creation concerning Interim Replacement (PHK), employees who have been laid off eligible for severance money, long service pay, and compensatory pay. The rights of workers affected by termination of employment on the grounds of entering retirement age in companies experiencing takeover are calculated based on the length of service of workers in a company, as well as the rights that have not been obtained by workers during their work which can be used as nominal money.
Bio-briquettes have the potential to be produced in Indonesia, due to the availability of raw materials and the opportunities for domestic and export markets. Production of bio-briquettes can be ...strengthened through technology trials in the form of pilot projects and supported by regulations related to the production and management of renewable energy. Based on the results of the study, it is known that bio-briquette products made from cassava peel waste that can meet Indonesian national standards are those that use a composition of 80 % cassava peel charcoal and 20 % adhesive. Mixing with other agro-industrial waste will have an impact on product characteristics, including calorific value, water content, ash content, and volatile matter. To encourage the development of bio-briquettes from cassava peel waste, the government needs encouragement from strong regulations in funding technology research related to increasing energy efficiency, providing adequate energy infrastructure, and modeling competitive energy market prices.
This study focuses on conceptualization and development of a battery management system (BMS) with two main functions, battery monitoring and management, in the context of brushless direct current ...motors (BLDCs). The main challenge in variable estimation is to protect the battery from potential risks during the charge and discharge cycle. The new proposed resolution combines a comprehensive BMS with monitoring capabilities for charge (SoC), health (SoH), voltage, current and battery temperature. In addition, a protective mechanism is incorporated to prevent variables from overshooting safety parameters. This research uses two different methodologies for estimating SOC, coulomb counting and open circuit voltage. In experimental tests, resistance potentiometers of 1,650, 3,300 and 0 were used, with SoC estimates of 37%, 19% and 65%, while coulomb counting method has a marginal error of 1.13%. On the contrary, the open-circuit voltage method generated a SoC estimate of 0% for all potentiometer resistance, with an error rate of 0.64 %. As a result, the open circuit voltage method is chosen because of its superior accuracy compared to the coulomb counting method. The state assessment of the battery showed a value of 100% after seven cycles. In addition, a protective system has been implemented to ensure that battery variables remain within the safe thresholds throughout the charge and discharge process. Consequently, the implementation of this BMS is expected to significantly improve overall performance and extend battery life.
Background: Teacher commitment and performance are important factors contributing to student achievement and the quality of education. Therefore, it is critical to draw attention to this issue by ...identifying factors that influence these two variables.
Methods: A survey, consisted of 34 closed-ended questions, was used. The total sample comprised 2,203 teachers, including 832 men and 1,371 women. Data analysis was performed using partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM). Model measurement employed indicator loading, convergent and discriminant validity, Cronbach's testing, composite reliability and average variance extracted (AVE) for internal consistency. Structural model measurement employed coefficient determination (R2), effect size (F2), variant inflation factor (VIF), predictive relevance (Q2) and path analysis measures.
Results: The results of the study reveal that academic supervision has a significant positive effect on commitment (β; 0.085, t-statistics; 3.792 and p-value 0.000), academic supervision also affects teacher performance (β; 0.096, t-statistics; 4.416 and p-value 0.000), managerial competence affects teacher commitment (β; 0.195, t-statistics; 8.046 and p-value 0.000), managerial competence also affects teacher performance (β; 0.149, t-statistics; 6.561 and p-value 0.000), organizational commitment affects teacher performance (β; 0.163, t-statistics; 7.263 and p-value 0.000), teacher empowerment affects teacher commitment (β; 0.489, t-statistics; 22.601 and p-value 0.000), and teacher empowerment affects teacher performance (β; 0.489, t-statistics; 22.601 and p-value 0.000). Academic supervision affects teacher commitment mediating by teacher performance (β; 0.014, t-statistics; 3.178 and p-value of 0.001). Managerial competence affects teacher commitment with teacher performance mediation (β; 0.032, t-statistics; 5.588 and p-value 0.000), and teacher empowerment affects teacher commitment with teacher performance mediation (β; 0.080, t-statistics; 7.050 and p-value 0.000).
Conclusion: Academic supervision, managerial competence, and teacher empowerment significantly positively affect teacher performance directly and through teacher performance as mediating variable. Teacher empowerment is the most significant factor influencing teacher performance and commitment.
Reinforced concrete is used in various constructions, such as buildings, bridges, dams, road pavement, tunnels, etc. Structural strengthening of reinforced concrete beam can be done in various ways, ...which one is the addition of steel plates bonded to the compression area. Steel plates with a width of 150 mm and 300 mm with a thickness of 2 mm are expected to increase the compressive strength of reinforced concrete beams. Plate installation uses Sikadur 31 CF-Normal adhesive to attach steel plates and beams, and it is hoped that composite properties will occur on both of them. The test object samples were 5 beams consisting of 1 control beam and 4 reinforcement beams with a quality of 10 MPa. The beam sample has dimensions of 75 mm flange width and 80 mm flange height, 150 mm bottom width, 250 mm h height, 300 mm top width. The flexural strength test was carried out with a loading frame in two-point loading. The results of the study of adding plates showed an increase in beam capacity compared to the control beam. The percentage increase in beam capacity of test objects BP 1(1) and BP 1(2) with 150 mm wide plate reinforcement was 17.19% and 18.85%. The increase in beam capacity of BP 2(1) and BP 2(2) specimens with 300 mm wide plate reinforcement was 26.82% and 28.02% respectively
Background: Teacher commitment and performance are important factors contributing to student achievement and the quality of education. Therefore, it is critical to draw attention to this issue by ...identifying factors that influence these two variables.
Methods: A survey, consisted of 34 closed-ended questions, was used. The total sample comprised 2,203 teachers, including 832 men and 1,371 women. Data analysis was performed using partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM). Model measurement employed indicator loading, convergent and discriminant validity, Cronbach's testing, composite reliability and average variance extracted (AVE) for internal consistency. Structural model measurement employed coefficient determination (R2), effect size (F2), variant inflation factor (VIF), predictive relevance (Q2) and path analysis measures.
Results: The results of the study reveal that academic supervision has a significant positive effect on commitment (β; 0.085, t-statistics; 3.792 and p-value 0.000), academic supervision also affects teacher performance (β; 0.096, t-statistics; 4.416 and p-value 0.000), managerial competence affects teacher commitment (β; 0.195, t-statistics; 8.046 and p-value 0.000), managerial competence also affects teacher performance (β; 0.149, t-statistics; 6.561 and p-value 0.000), organizational commitment affects teacher performance (β; 0.163, t-statistics; 7.263 and p-value 0.000), teacher empowerment affects teacher commitment (β; 0.489, t-statistics; 22.601 and p-value 0.000), and teacher empowerment affects teacher performance (β; 0.489, t-statistics; 22.601 and p-value 0.000). Academic supervision affects teacher commitment mediating by teacher performance (β; 0.014, t-statistics; 3.178 and p-value of 0.001). Managerial competence affects teacher commitment with teacher performance mediation (β; 0.032, t-statistics; 5.588 and p-value 0.000), and teacher empowerment affects teacher commitment with teacher performance mediation (β; 0.080, t-statistics; 7.050 and p-value 0.000).
Conclusion: Academic supervision, managerial competence, and teacher empowerment significantly positively affect teacher performance directly and through teacher performance as mediating variable. Teacher empowerment is the most significant factor influencing teacher performance and commitment.
Universal Health Care (UHC) in Indonesia, named the National Health Insurance (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional - JKN), has been running since 2014. JKN was predicted to be the most extensive UHC program ...in the world. Under JKN, the poor get free health services through the cashless method through a sub-program called Contribution Assistance Recipients (Penerima Bantuan Iuran - PBI). Unfortunately, JKN faced several failures to cover the program's expenditures within years. Within the current dynamics, was PBI, as part of JKN still effectively helping the poor? We examined the effectiveness of the PBI program by measuring differences in out-of-pocket health expenditures for the poor with similar socio-economic characteristics who used PBI and those who did not. We incorporated secondary data from National Socio-economic Survey (SUSENAS). The dataset was executed by using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) methodology. We used health expenditures and socio-economic parameters such as income, education, and gender from the 2017 and 2018 SUSENAS data. We found that in 2017, the total health expenditures of the PBI beneficiaries were lower than the non-beneficiaries. Nevertheless, by merging all two years' data, similar to 2018, we found general pattern that PBI participants' total health out-of-pocket payments were bigger than the non-participants. Health expenditures such as medicine, traditional practitioners, and others, were expenditure classifications in which PBI beneficiaries had lower expenses than non-beneficiaries in 2017. Therefore, Therefore, the UHC subsidy program for the poor in Indonesia has not only been ineffective through the years of implementation but also has not been effectively implemented for all variations of health expenditure types.
