Polarized light can provide significant information about objects, and can be used as information carrier in communication systems through artificial modulation. However, traditional polarized light ...detection systems integrate polarizers and various functional circuits in addition to detectors, and are supplemented by complex encoding and decoding algorithms. Although the in-plane anisotropy of low-dimensional materials can be utilized to manufacture polarization-sensitive photodetectors without polarizers, the low anisotropic photocurrent ratio makes it impossible to realize digital output of polarized information. In this study, we propose an integrated polarization-sensitive amplification system by introducing a nanowire polarized photodetector and organic semiconductor transistors, which can boost the polarization sensitivity from 1.24 to 375. Especially, integrated systems are universal in that the systems can increase the anisotropic photocurrent ratio of any low-dimensional material corresponding to the polarized light. Consequently, a simple digital polarized light communication system can be realized based on this integrated system, which achieves certain information disguising and confidentiality effects.
Abstract
Anisotropy control of the electronic structure in inorganic semiconductors is an important step in developing devices endowed with multi-function. Here, we demonstrate that the intrinsic ...anisotropy of tellurium nanowires can be used to modulate the electronic structure and piezoelectric polarization and decouple pressure and temperature difference signals, and realize VR interaction and neuro-reflex applications. The architecture design of the device combined with self-locking effect can eliminate dependence on displacement, enabling a single device to determine the hardness and thermal conductivity of materials through a simple touch. We used a bimodal Te-based sensor to develop a wearable glove for endowing real objects to the virtual world, which greatly improves VR somatosensory feedback. In addition, we successfully achieved stimulus recognition and neural-reflex in a rabbit sciatic nerve model by integrating the sensor signals using a deep learning technique. In view of in-/ex-vivo feasibility, the bimodal Te-based sensor would be considered a novel sensing platform for a wide range application of metaverse, AI robot, and electronic medicine.
Flexible capacitance sensors play a key role in wearable devices, soft robots, and the Internet of things (IoT). To realize these feasible applications, subtle pressure detection under various ...conditions is required, and it is often limited by low sensitivity. Herein, we demonstrate a capacitive touch sensor with excellent sensing capabilities enabled by a three-dimensional (3D) network dielectric layer, combining a natural viscoelastic property material of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers wrapped with electrically conductive materials of Ag nanowires (AgNWs). Taking advantage of the large deformation and the increase of effective permittivity under the action of compression force, the device has the characteristics of high sensitivity, fast response time, and low detection limit. The enhanced sensing mechanism of the 3D structures and the conductive filler have been discussed in detail. These superior functions enable us to monitor a variety of subtle pressure changes (pulse, airflow, and Morse code). By detecting the pressure of fingers, a smart piano glove integrated with 10 circuits of finger joints is made, which realizes the real-time performance of the piano and provides the possibility for the application of intelligent wearable electronic products such as virtual reality and human–machine interface in the future.
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted considerable interest thanks to their unique electronic/physical–chemical characteristics and their potential for use in a large variety of ...sensing applications. However, few-layered nanosheets tend to agglomerate owing to van der Waals forces, which obstruct internal nanoscale transport channels, resulting in low electrochemical activity and restricting their use for sensing purposes. Here, a hybrid MXene/rGO aerogel with a three-dimensional (3D) interlocked network was fabricated via a freeze-drying method. The porous MXene/rGO aerogel has a lightweight and hierarchical porous architecture, which can be compressed and expanded several times without breaking. Additionally, a flexible pressure sensor that uses the aerogel as the sensitive layer has a wide response range of approximately 0–40 kPa and a considerable response within this range, averaging approximately 61.49 kPa
–1
. The excellent sensing performance endows it with a broad range of applications, including human-computer interfaces and human health monitoring.
Cd
3
As
2
nanowires (NWs) have great potential in the near-infrared (NIR) photodetection field due to their excellent optoelectronic properties as a typical Dirac semimetal. However, the existence of ...surface oxidization limits their photoresponse performance for practical applications. Here, we modified the surface of Cd
3
As
2
NWs with sulfur to prevent surface oxidizing and optimize the bandgap structure to improve the photoresponse performance. The S-modified Cd
3
As
2
samples existed as core/shell Cd
3
As
2
/CdS NWs and the corresponding single NW device showed a responsivity of 0.95 A/W in the NIR band at a 0 V bias, which is three orders of magnitude higher than that of an unmodified NW. This study provides an efficient and universally applicable way to prevent semimetals nanostructures from oxidizing and promote their optoelectronic properties.
Noncontact interaction systems have attracted considerable research attention in recent years because of convenient operation, sterility, and injury prevention. However, the insufficient sensing ...distance and weak robustness of noncontact interaction systems for complex environments limit their practical applications. Here, we designed an integrated optical noncontact controlling system (ONCS) based on PtTex/Si optoelectronic heterojunction array. Broadband sensitive photoresponse is realized at zero bias voltage, with excellent detectivity and responsivity, boosting the noncontact sensing distance to at least 150 mm. Consequently, the system can perform noncontact detection, encoding, and control by recognizing shadow‐induced spatiotemporal sequence changes in heterojunction array photocurrents. As a proof of concept, different interactive functions have been demonstrated with good accuracy and robustness by encoding finger movement above the ONCS. This study provides a new perspective for constructing high‐performance noncontact interaction systems.
An integrated optical noncontact controlling system (ONCS) based on PtTex/Si optoelectronic heterojunction array was designed by recognizing shadow‐induced spatiotemporal sequence changes in heterojunction array photocurrents, which provides a new perspective for constructing high‐performance noncontact interaction systems.
The merging of humans and machines depends on the contact sensor medium used. However, this contact interaction inevitably leads to mechanical loss. Photodetectors are cutting‐edge tools in optical ...communication that use controlled lighting to achieve efficient signal conversion to drive mechano–optical communication systems and provide an innovative interface for the Internet of Things services. Here, a self‐powered, non‐contact mechano–optical communication system based on a wearable Te@TeSe photodetector textile is presented, which encodes near‐infrared light to modulate robotic manipulator actions. The wearable Te@TeSe photodetector textile enhanced the photocurrent and responsivity by 400 times compared to a pristine Te nanowire (NW) array. The type II heterojunction of Te@TeSe NWs is proved by first‐principles calculations and simulated, providing insights on photogenic carrier transmission in Te@TeSe NWs. This system shows the possibility of duplicate real‐time execution of mechanical gestures in virtual environments and paves the way for advanced optical devices applied to information transmission and mechano–optical communication.
A self‐powered, non‐contact mechano–optical communication system based on a wearable Te@TeSe photodetector textile is presented, which encodes near‐infrared light to modulate robotic manipulator actions. This system shows the possibility of duplicate real‐time execution of mechanical gestures in virtual environments and paves the way for advanced optical devices applied to information transmission and mechano–optical communication.
Infrared (IR) photodetectors are a key optoelectronic device and have thus attracted considerable research attention in recent years. Photosensitivity is an increasingly important device performance ...parameter for nanoscale photodetectors and image sensors, as it determines the ultimate imaging quality and contrast. However, photosensitivities of state‐of‐the‐art low‐dimensional nanostructure‐based IR detectors are considerably low, limiting their practical applications. Herein, a biomimetic IR detection amplification (IRDA) system that boosts photosensitivity by several orders of magnitude by introducting nanowire field effect transistors (FETs), resulting in a peak photosensitivity of 7.6 × 104 under an illumination of 1342 nm, is presented. Consequently, high‐contrast imaging of IR light is obtained on the flexible IRDA arrays. The image information can be then trained and recognized by an artificial neural network for higher image‐recognition efficiency. This work provides a new perspective for developing high‐performance IR imaging systems, and is expected to undoubtedly enlighten future work on artificial intelligence and biorobotic systems.
A simple and highly integrated IR detection amplification system is designed for high‐performance IR imaging applications with record photosensitivity, which provides a new perspective for constructing high‐performance IR imaging system.
Auditory systems are the most efficient and direct strategy for communication between human beings and robots. In this domain, flexible acoustic sensors with magnetic, electric, mechanical, and optic ...foundations have attracted significant attention as key parts of future voice user interfaces (VUIs) for intuitive human-machine interaction. This study investigated a novel machine learning-based voice recognition platform using an MXene/MoS
2
flexible vibration sensor (FVS) with high sensitivity for acoustic recognition. The performance of the MXene/MoS
2
FVS was systematically investigated both theoretically and experimentally, and the MXene/MoS
2
FVS exhibited high sensitivity (25.8 mV/dB). An MXene/MoS
2
FVS with a broadband response of 40–3,000 Hz was developed by designing a periodically ordered architecture featuring systematic optimization. This study also investigated a machine learning-based speaker recognition process, for which a machine-learning-based artificial neural network was designed and trained. The developed neural network achieved high speaker recognition accuracy (99.1%).
PDF
