A
bstract
Strengthening constraints on new physics from the
B
¯
→
X
s
γ
branching ratio requires improving accuracy in the measurements and the Standard Model predictions. To match the expected ...Belle-II accuracy, Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order (NNLO) QCD corrections must be calculated without the so-far employed interpolation in the charm- quark mass
m
c
. In the process of evaluating such corrections at the physical value of
mc
, we have finalized the part coming from diagrams with closed fermion loops on the gluon lines that contribute to the interference of the current-current and photonic dipole operators. We confirm several published results for corrections of this type, and supplement them with a previously uncalculated piece. Taking into account the recently improved estimates of non-perturbative contributions, we find ℬ
sγ
= (3
.
40
±
0
.
17)
×
10
−
4
and
R
γ
≡
ℬ
s
+
d
γ
/
ℬ
c
ℓ
v
¯
= (3
.
35
±
0
.
16)
×
10
−
3
for
E
γ
>
1
.
6 GeV in the decaying meson rest frame.
We present an engineered wedge-shaped electron blocking layer to tackle the issue of hole injection and transport into the active region. Poor hole injection and transport are one of the major ...reasons behind the poor performance of the light-emitting diodes. The simulation results show that a noticeable improvement in injection of holes is observed when modified electron blocking layer is used in the device and, thus, the optoelectronic properties of the device are also enhanced considerably.
Significant progress has been made in the advancement of light-emitting devices in both the blue and the red parts of the emission spectrum. However, the quantum efficiency of green light-emitting ...diodes is still significantly lower as compared to blue- and red-emitting devices. This efficiency lag is commonly known as the "green gap" in the solid-state lighting industry. The efficiency issues in the green emission spectrum restrain further advancement in solid-state lighting. A combination of efficient blue, green, and red light-emitting devices is a promising solution toward efficient white light-emitting diodes. Despite the efficiency gap in the green emission, the lighting industry continues to produce relatively efficient white light-emitting diodes using down-conversion phosphors. However, the fruits of the solid-state white lighting could be fully achieved through color-mixing approaches rather through phosphor-based conversion. Therefore, to produce efficient green light-emitting diodes, their inherent issues such as the density of different types of defects and internal electric field should be reduced. In this study, we review various challenges and prospects of green light-emitting diodes. Broadly, the first part of this review explains the complex factors that degrade the performance of InGaN/GaN multiquantum well green light-emitting diodes, whereas the second part focuses on different strategies to enhance the internal quantum efficiency of green light-emitting diodes.
Chitosan is mainly derived from seafood by-products and the thereof chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) are known as nontoxic, biocompatible, biodegradable and functionalized nanostructures. CNPs, as green ...fillers, showed an appropriate potential in reinforcement of various biodegradable composites for food packaging and biomedical applications. After evaluation of different fabrication approaches and characterization techniques of CNPs, the changes in physical, mechanical, thermal, structural, morphological, and antimicrobial attributes of nanobiocomposites as a result of CNPs addition are discussed. The influence of bioactive loaded-CNPs and hybrid CNPs with metal nanoparticles, graphene, and montmorillonite in nanocomposites is also presented. Finally, the safety aspects of CNPs-loaded structures are highlighted to evaluate their implementation in food packaging and biomedical systems. It can be concluded that regardless of a few drawbacks, CNPs are promising nanomaterials to improve various operational, structural and antimicrobial properties of biocomposites for various applications in food packaging, delivery systems and biomedical uses.
Estimation of disease prevalence at sub-city neighborhood scale allows early and targeted interventions that can help save lives and reduce public health burdens. However, the cost-prohibitive nature ...of highly localized data collection and sparsity of representative signals, has made it challenging to identify neighborhood scale prevalence of disease. To overcome this challenge, we utilize alternative data sources, which are both less sparse and representative of localized disease prevalence: using query data from a large commercial search engine, we identify the prevalence of respiratory illness in the United States, localized to census tract geographic granularity. Focusing on asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), we construct a set of features based on searches for symptoms, medications, and disease-related information, and use these to identify illness rates in more than 23 thousand tracts in 500 cities across the United States. Out of sample model estimates from search data alone correlate with ground truth illness rate estimates from the CDC at 0.69 to 0.76, with simple additions to these models raising those correlations to as high as 0.84. We then show that in practice search query data can be added to other relevant data such as census or land cover data to boost results, with models that incorporate all data sources correlating with ground truth data at 0.91 for asthma and 0.88 for COPD.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study aimed to develop a plasticized starch (PS) based film loaded with chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs, 1, 2, 3, and 4%) as a reinforcing and antibacterial agent. We examined the morphology, ...biodegradability, mechanical, thermo-mechanical, and barrier properties of the PS/CNPs films. The antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria was investigated by colony forming unit (CFU) and disc diffusion methods. A dense structure was obtained for all PS/CNPs films and, thus, their complete biodegradation occurred in more days than neat PS. The increase in the CNPs percentage led to improved mechanical behaviour and barrier properties. PS-CNPs composite films revealed inhibition zones against both E. coli and S. aureus, with the 100% reduction in CFU against S. aureus. The current study exhibited that PS-CNPs films were more effective in inhibiting bacteria growth than neat PS film, confirming the composite films potential application as antimicrobial food packaging.
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•Compact chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs)/plasticized starch (PS) films with rough surface•Progressive improvement of the mechanical behaviour with the CNPs amount•Improved barrier properties (reduced WVP and WVTR values) due to the CNPs addition•Excellent antimicrobial properties against G-negative and, mainly, G-positive bacteria•Potential use of CNPs loaded PS films for active food packaging applications
Skin cancer is one of the most dangerous forms of cancer. Skin cancer is caused by un-repaired deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in skin cells, which generate genetic defects or mutations on the skin. Skin ...cancer tends to gradually spread over other body parts, so it is more curable in initial stages, which is why it is best detected at early stages. The increasing rate of skin cancer cases, high mortality rate, and expensive medical treatment require that its symptoms be diagnosed early. Considering the seriousness of these issues, researchers have developed various early detection techniques for skin cancer. Lesion parameters such as symmetry, color, size, shape, etc. are used to detect skin cancer and to distinguish benign skin cancer from melanoma. This paper presents a detailed systematic review of deep learning techniques for the early detection of skin cancer. Research papers published in well-reputed journals, relevant to the topic of skin cancer diagnosis, were analyzed. Research findings are presented in tools, graphs, tables, techniques, and frameworks for better understanding.
This paper presents the design and an analysis of a surface PM vernier generator (SPMVG) for MW-scale direct-drive (DD) wind turbine application. An SPMVG has the advantage of higher torque density; ...however, especially at higher power ratings with increased electrical loadings, the power factor worsens and there are some serious concerns including magnetic saturation of cores and PM demagnetization. These issues are directly related to machine design parameters such as PM dimensions, applied electrical loading, slot geometry and the choice of slot–pole combination. It is determined that depending on the PM thickness and a few other design variables, each slot–pole combination has an optimal value of specific electrical loading. The use of the optimal value of specific electrical loading ensures that the machine is not saturated, the performance is optimum and the power factor is not unnecessarily degraded. Moreover, under certain design constraints, design criteria are developed that ensure the proper choice of various entailed design variables. By using the developed design criteria, the trends of various electromagnetic performances with variation in the slot–pole combination are discussed. The obtained trends clearly show that each slot–pole combination offers a certain torque density and power factor; thus, it serves as a guide for the selection of the slot–pole combination considering the required torque density and/or certain power factor limit. Finally, by using the developed design approach, an SPMVG for rated power of 15 MW is designed; the design objectives are to maximize torque per volume with a power factor limit of 0.4. Moreover, the various aspects of the performances of the designed SPMVG are comprehensively compared against a conventional PM DD 15 MW generator.
Alginate-based nanocarriers are propitious vehicles used for the delivery of bioactive compounds (bioactives). In this area, calcium alginate and sodium alginate are the most promising wall materials ...because they are nontoxic, comparatively cheap, simple in production, biocompatible and biodegradable. In this review, we have highlighted different alginate-based nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanoemulsions, nanocomplexes, and nanohydrogels; also entrapment of different bioactives within alginate nanocarriers and their bioavailability in the gastric environment has been comprehensively discussed. Being biopolymers, alginates can be exploited as emulsifiers/ encapsulants for entrapment and delivery of different bioactives such as vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids, peptides, essential oils, bioactive oils, polyphenols and carotenoids. Furthermore, the use of alginate-based nanocarriers in combination with other polysaccharides/ emulsifiers was recognized as the most effective and favorable approach for the protection, delivery and sustained release of bioactives.
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•Different properties of alginate make it an ideal carrier for bioactive delivery systems.•Alginate-based nanocarriers (ABNs) improve techno-functional activities of loaded bioactives.•ABNs include nanoparticles, nanocomplexes, nanoemulsions, nanohydrogels and nanofibers.•ABNs have been applied for various bioactives, e.g., phenolics, carotenoids, essential oils, etc.
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