Au-delà des effets des isomères conjugués de l’acide linoléique (conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA)) sur la composition corporelle (diminution de la graisse), ces composés bioactifs ont des ...effets sur la santé humaine, tels que les effets anti-can-céreux, anti-athérogéniques, anti-adipogéniques, anti-diabétiques, antiinflammatoires, impact potentiel sur la cholestérolémie et stimulation de la fonction immunitaire. Les bactéries probiotiques ont été trouvées capables de conjuguer l’acide linoléique. Toutefois, peu d’études ont mis le point sur cette production des isomères conjugués d’acide linoléique par des bactéries intestinales humaines et restent peu concluantes. Leurs effets santé ont été reliés à deux types d’isomères, à savoir le 9cis, 11trans et le 10trans, 12cis. La présente mise au point a pour objet de souligner les données disponibles concernant les effets des isomères CLA sur la santé, en particulier ceux produits par des bactéries probiotiques. Les mécanismes impliqués dans leurs activités sont aussi évoqués. In addition to their effect on body composition (fat reduction), conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA) can play several health benefits, including anti-cancer, anti-atherogenic, anti-adipogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, possible cholesterolemia regulation, and immune function stimulation. Probiotics have been found to produce CLA, however, there is still controversy in the results obtained on the production and effects of human gut bacterial CLA reported in literature. Most of the biological effects have been attributed to cis9, trans11, and trans10, cis12 isomers. The aim of this review was to highlight and discuss how probiotic bacterial CLA isomers provided health benefits.
Pericentromeric regions of human chromosomes are preferential sites for the integration of duplicated DNA, or "duplicons", which often contain gene fragments. Although pericentromeric regions appear ...to be genomic junkyards, they could also be the birthplace of new genes with novel functions. We have characterized a chimeric transcription unit (cat eye syndrome critical region gene 7, CECR7) formed from three duplicons in the pericentromeric region of chromosome 22q. CECR7 exons show similarity to sequences on chromosomes 2, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 21, and elsewhere on 22. Based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of CECR7 duplicon boundaries in various primate species, and the sequence divergence between the human duplicons and their putative ancestral human loci, CECR7 was probably formed before the separation of macaque and is therefore older than most previously reported pericentromeric duplicons. Expression of CECR7 was detected by RT-PCR in humans and gorilla fibroblasts, but not orangutan, suggesting that expression did not result immediately from the formation of this novel transcription unit, or that expression was silenced in orangutan following its formation.
Antimicrobial activity of pepper polyphenols and capsaicinoids (Coumarin, caffeic acid, narangin, kaempferol, rutin, quercetin, capsaicin, and dihydrocapsaicin) against 13 pathogen bacteria and three ...beneficial strains was studied using the disk diffusion and microdilution methods. In general, phenolic compounds had the most important activity with the highest inhibition zones obtained with caffeic acid (3.5–20.5 mm), quercetin (4.75–3.5 mm), and kaempferol (7–14 mm). In the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentrations, the effects of both quercetin and kaempferol were more important than caffeic acid. The clinical strains
Staphylococcus aureus
(319, 14, 8, 32, and 550) were more sensitive to quercetin (0.00195–0.0078 mg L
−1
) whereas kaempferol was more active against the strains
S. aureus
(ATCC 6538, 26),
S. typhimurium
ATCC 13311, and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ATCC 27853 (0.0156–0.125 mg L
−1
). The interaction between these three polyphenols was studied against
S. aureus
ATCC 6538 and
P. aeruginosa
ATCC 27853. Different modes of interaction were observed (synergism, additive, and indifferent), but no antagonism was obtained. The best combination was quercetin and caffeic acid for
S. aureus
with fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of 0.37, and kaempferol with quercetin for
P. aeruginosa
(FICI = 0.31).
The present study was aimed to investigate the polyphenolic profile of a pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) extract from Algeria and evaluate its biological activity. The total polyphenol content of the ...extract was determined as 1.373 mg of gallic acid equivalents (±0.0046), whereas the flavonoids were determined as 0.098 mg of quercetin (±0.0015). The determination of the complete polyphenolic profile of the extract was achieved by liquid chromatography with an RP‐amide column in combination with photodiode array and mass spectrometry detection through an electrospray ionization interface. A total of 18 compounds were identified, of which five were reported for the first time in the sample tested. Quercetin rhamnoside was the most abundant compound (82.6 μg/g of fresh pepper) followed by quercetin glucoside (19.86 μg/g). The antioxidant activity and antimicrobial effects were also determined. For the antimicrobial tests assessed against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, kaempferol showed the strongest inhibitory effect followed by quercetin and caffeic acids. In the study of the cytotoxicity of the extract, the cancer cells (U937) were more affected than the normal cells (peripheral blood mononucleated cells), with more than 62% inhibition at the highest concentration.
Background: Craniosynostosis refers to the premature fusion of cranial sutures. Premature closure can impair brain development and cognitive problems. Only available treatment of craniosynostosis is ...through surgical intervention which is associated with excessive blood loss. Objectives: In this study, we investigate the prevalence of each ABO/Rh blood group amongst patients with different types of craniosynostosis. Methods: We included 163 patients, under craniosynostosis treatment, in Imam Hossein children’s hospital at Isfahan, Iran. A retrospective analysis was performed and the frequency of blood groups as well as types of craniosynostosis were reported. Moreover, the connection between ABO/Rh blood groups and the types of craniosynostosis was examined by chi-square test. Results: Of 163 cases reviewed; The majority of participants had blood group A positive (32.5%), followed by O positive (31.3%). The rest of the blood groups were reported in order: B positive (22.1%), B negative (4.9%), AB positive (4.3%), O negative (2.5%), A negative (1.8%), AB negative (0.6%). Also, the most common type of craniosynostosis was metopic (27%) and the other types were pansynostosis (23.9%), sagittal (21.5%), coronal (16.6%), multisuture (10.4%) and lambdoid (0.6%) respectively. Due to connection between ABO/Rh blood groups and the types of craniosynostosis, no significant relationship was observed. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it was found that the frequency of ABO blood groups in children with craniosynostosis can be different from the population of the same area. Also, the ratio of different types of craniosynostosis was different from previous data.
Lepidium sativum seeds have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of liver dysfunction, jaundice, gastrointestinal disorders and spleen diseases. Furthermore, it was reported that these ...seeds have also an antioxidant, diuretic, antihypertensive, and anti-asthmatic activities. The present study aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic ex-tract of L. sativum Linn. seeds (EELS) in vivo. The anti-inflammatory activity of EELS was tested in mice weighting (25±5) g. Either PBS vehicle (control group), ethanolic extract (50mg/kg) or diclofenac (50 mg/kg), were administered (p.o) for 60 min before an oedema was induced in the mice paw by subcutaneous injection of carrageenan. The mouse-paw volume was meas-ured from 1 h to 6 h after carrageenan injection. Plasma fibrinogen, serum albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were determined for each group. The EELS and the standard (diclofenac) reduced significantly (p < 0.05) paw oedema by 40.44 ± 16.36 % and 9.39 ± 1.99%, respectively compared to the control after the sixth hour after injection of carrageenan. Biomarkers of inflammation (serum albumin, CRP and plasma fibrinogen) levels were significantly (p <0.05) optimized in EELS group (assay) compared to the control. The obtained results revealed that the ethanolic extract of L. sativum Linn. seeds has a significant in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background: Craniosynostosis is a congenital deformity of the skull that occurs at birth. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of different types of craniosynostosis in Isfahan, ...Iran. Methods: In this retrospective study, the records of all patients referred to the pediatric neurosurgery clinic of Imam Hossein children’s hospital in Isfahan, Iran from 2013 to 2018 were diagnosed with craniosynostosis. Incomplete files were excluded. Demographic information of patients and type of delivery, underlying diseases of their parents, diseases of maternal pregnancy, type of craniosynostosis, syndromic or non-syndromic craniosynostosis were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: The diagnosis of craniosynostosis in 63% of cases (n=121) was a single suture and in 37% of cases (n=72) was a complex suture. There was no significant difference in the frequency distribution of craniosynostosis in males and females (P>0.05). Conclusion: Due to the prevalence of 16 cases per 100,000, we can reduce the complications of this disease by educating doctors and parents.
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