Biomphalaria
spp. snails are intermediary hosts of
Schistosoma mansoni
, etiologic agent of intestinal schistosomiasis, one of the most important neglected tropical diseases.
Biomphalaria straminea
...is an important intermediary host that possess a different phenotype to parasite infection but shows a large geographic distribution and high capacity of new ecologic niche invasion. Our purpose was to characterize for the first time the differentially expressed proteome in
B. straminea
during two times intervals after primary and secondary exposure to
S. mansoni
. The hemolymph was collected at 1 and 15 days after primary and secondary exposure of snails to the parasite. Total proteins were extracted and digested with trypsin. LC–MS/MS label-free quantification was performed and analyzed using Maxquant and Perseus software. Proteins were identified and annotated using Blast2GO tools. After 1 day of exposure, most of upregulated proteins are hemoglobin type 2, C and H type lectins, molecules related to cell adhesion, and response to oxidative stress. After 15 days, we found a similar pattern of upregulated proteins but some fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs) and TEPs homologs were downregulated. Regarding the differentially expressed proteins during secondary response, the principal immune-related proteins upregulated were C and H type lectins, cellular adhesion molecules, biomphalysin, and FREP3. We noted a several upregulated biological processes during both responses that could be the one of the key points of efficacy in the immune response to parasite. Our data suggests different immune mechanisms used by
B. straminea
snails challenged with
S. mansoni
.
Abstract
Introduction
With the advancement of clinical and surgical oncology, patients with breast cancer had an increase in survival. In this context, up to 30% of patients affected with metastases ...from this site will develop brain tumors. The latter is an important impacting factor for life quality and expectancy, therefore, it’s clinical and surgical management is essential in public health. We present some rare cases and their outcomes.
Methods
We describe a case series of 07 patients with breast cancer metastases to the brain, involving large portions of the dura, bone or skin. There were 64 surgical interventions of the disease in the period, but only those with more exuberant and atypical presentations were selected. The interventions were carried out in a hospital oncology complex in northeastern Brazil between 2016 and 2020.The diagnosis was based on the clinical description, laboratory and image exams, histopathology and surgical performance of the patients.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 49.7 years, with all patients being female. Rare presentations were observed, such as bone and skin meninges. Clinical presentations demonstrated advanced stages of the disease with a large tumor volume. Extra axial involvement was verified. All patients underwent neurosurgery for tumor removal and decompression. Biopsies were submitted to anatomopathological and immunohistochemistry examination. Corticotherapy was instituted in the immediate postoperative period and some cases had genetic analysis due to an important family history. There was a reduction in symptoms in most cases.
Conclusion
Although brain metastases are still a challenge for medical practice, their proper management can prolong and improve patients’ lives. Metastatic breast cancers seem to have a predilection for the central nervous system and their detection and intervention, even in an advanced clinical stage, sound as determinant for the control and severity of symptoms.
Keywords
Brain Neoplasms, Neoplasm Metastasis, Breast Neoplasms
Editores e revisores Rosseto, Adriana Marques; Mota, Francisco Suetônio Bastos; Filho, Marco Aurélio da Silva Carvalho ...
Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online),
12/2016
42
Journal Article
CÉLULAS-TRONCO E NEUROGÊNESE Roberto Tavares Filho, Luiz; Rueda Faucz, Fábio
Estudos de Biologia,
11/2004, Letnik:
26, Številka:
56
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
O estudo de células-tronco se tornou um campo fascinante na área científica que cada vez mais vem atraindo e causando motivações em pesquisadores de todo o mundo, e suas aplicações tornaram as ...células tronco um dos campos mais pesquisados nos últimos anos. As células-tronco podem ser retiradas principalmente da medula óssea de indivíduos adultos ou do cordão umbilical, mas é no embrião ou no zigoto em desenvolvimento que elas possuem capacidade única de diferenciação em todas as células do corpo, e são chamadas “células-tronco embrionárias”. O estudo da neurogênese no indivíduo adulto é outra área em que muitos estudos estão sendo realizados. Até algum tempo atrás, a neurogênese era somente aceita na fase de desenvolvimento embrionário, ou seja, durante a geração do feto e pouco depois no período pós-natal, onde todos os neurônios do indivíduo seriam formados, por esse motivo, falar em neurogênese no adulto era para muitos cientistas um absurdo. O primeiro relato de neurogênese no adulto data de 40 anos atrás, porém somente agora esta sendo aceita. Existem hoje várias opiniões sobre o assunto, algumas delas expressas neste trabalho.
Serotonin (5-HT) receptors are found throughout central and peripheral nervous systems, mainly in brain regions involved in the neurobiology of anxiety and depression. 5-HT receptors are currently ...promising targets for discovering new drugs for treating disorders ranging from migraine to neuropsychiatric upsets, such as anxiety and depression. It is well described in the current literature that the brain expresses seven types of 5-HT receptors comprising eighteen distinct subtypes. In this article, we comprehensively reviewed 5-HT1-7 receptors. Of the eighteen 5-HT receptors known today, thirteen are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and represent targets for approximately 40% of drugs used in humans. Signaling pathways related to these receptors play a crucial role in neurodevelopment and can be modulated to develop effective therapies to treat anxiety and depression. This review presents the experimental evidence of the modulation of the "serotonergic receptosome" in the treatment of anxiety and depression, as well as demonstrating state-of-the-art research related to phytochemicals and these disorders. In addition, detailed aspects of the pharmacological mechanism of action of all currently known 5-HT receptor families were reviewed. From this review, it will be possible to direct the rational design of drugs towards new therapies that involve signaling via 5-HT receptors.
Immunogenicity of influenza vaccine in transplant recipients is suboptimal and alternative vaccination regimens are necessary.
We compared the immunogenicity of a standard-dose trivalent inactivated ...influenza vaccination (SDTIIV), double-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccination (DDTIIV), and booster-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccination (BDTIIV) of the 2014 seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in kidney transplant recipients. We randomized 176 participants to SDTIIV (59), DDTIIV (59), and BDTIIV regimens (58). Antibody titers were determined by hemagglutination inhibition at enrollment and 21 d postvaccination. Seroprotection rates (SPRs), seroconversion rates (SCRs), and geometric mean ratios (GMRs) were analyzed separately for participants with low (<1:40) and high (≥1:40) prevaccination antibody titers.
Vaccination was confirmed for 172 participants. Immunogenicity analysis was done for 149 participants who provided postvaccination blood samples. In the subgroup with high prevaccination antibody titers, all vaccination regimens induced SPR > 70% to all antigens, but SCR and GMR were below the recommendations. In the subgroup with low prevaccination antibody titers, DDTIIV and BDTIIV regimens induced adequate SCR > 40% and GMR > 2.5 for all antigens, whereas SDTIIV achieved the same outcomes only for influenza B. SPRs were >70% only after DDTIIV (A/H1N1-77.8%) and BDTIIV (A/H3N2-77.8%). BDTIIV regimen independently increased seroprotection to A/H1N1 (PR = 2.58; P = 0.021) and A/H3N2 (PR = 2.21; P = 0.004), whereas DDTIIV independently increased seroprotection to A/H1N1 (PR = 2.59; P = 0.021).
Our results suggest that DDTIIV and BDTIIV regimens are more immunogenic than SDTIIV, indicating the need for head-to-head multicenter clinical trials to further evaluate their efficacy.
It is necessary to evaluate and understand the prevalence and risk factors of oral lesions (OL) in people living with HIV (PLWH) who were never studied before. The present study aimed to describe the ...prevalence of OL and its correlation with CD4
T lymphocytes counts and HIV plasma viral load in PLWH treated in Rondônia.
A cross-sectional study was carried out at Cacoal city, Rondônia state, Northern Brazil. Sociodemographic, epidemiological, immunologic and virological information of 113 PLWH were collected from medical records and dental examination was conducted to diagnose and classify OL in PLWH. Statistical analysis was performed using relative frequency distribution, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, T-student and Mann-Whitney tests.
The overall prevalence of oral lesions was 28.3% (32/113), with candidiasis (7/32; 21.8%) and aphthous ulcer (7/32; 21.8%) being the most prevalent. There was a predominance of females, most patients being married, with a low level of education, a family income of 1 to 3 minimum wages and a single partner. An association was observed between the presence of oral lesions and a high viral load, as well as a lower occurrence of oral lesions in individuals with a higher count of CD4
T cells.
This study reveals a low prevalence of OL among PLWH, as well as the absence of relationship between HIV viral load, CD4
T cells count and OL high prevalence.
Breast cancer is the world's leading cause of death among women. This situation imposes an urgent development of more selective and less toxic agents. The use of natural molecular fingerprints as ...sources for new bioactive chemical entities has proven to be a quite promising and efficient method. Capsaicin, which is the primary pungent compound in red peppers, was reported to selectively inhibit the growth of a variety tumor cell lines. Here, we report for the first time a novel synthetic capsaicin-like analogue, RPF101, which presents a high antitumor activity on MCF-7 cell line, inducing arrest of the cell cycle at the G2/M phase through a disruption of the microtubule network. Furthermore, it causes cellular morphologic changes characteristic of apoptosis and a decrease of Δψm. Molecular modeling studies corroborated the biological findings and suggested that RPF101, besides being a more reactive molecule towards its target, may also present a better pharmacokinetic profile than capsaicin. All these findings support the fact that RPF101 is a promising anticancer agent.
► We report for the first time that RPF101 possesses anticancer properties. ► RPF101 induces apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. ► RPF 101 decreases mitochondrial potential and induces DNA fragmentation.
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