Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) colonisation of plant roots is one of the most ancient and widespread interactions in ecology, yet the systemic consequences for plant secondary chemistry remain ...unclear. We performed the first metabolomic investigation into the impact of AMF colonisation by
Rhizophagus irregularis
on the chemical defences, spanning above- and below-ground tissues, in its host-plant ragwort (
Senecio jacobaea
). We used a non-targeted metabolomics approach to profile, and where possible identify, compounds induced by AMF colonisation in both roots and shoots. Metabolomics analyses revealed that 33 compounds were significantly increased in the root tissue of AMF colonised plants, including seven blumenols, plant-derived compounds known to be associated with AMF colonisation. One of these was a novel structure conjugated with a malonyl-sugar and uronic acid moiety, hitherto an unreported combination. Such structural modifications of blumenols could be significant for their previously reported functional roles associated with the establishment and maintenance of AM colonisation. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), key anti-herbivore defence compounds in ragwort, dominated the metabolomic profiles of root and shoot extracts. Analyses of the metabolomic profiles revealed an increase in four PAs in roots (but not shoots) of AMF colonised plants, with the potential to protect colonised plants from below-ground organisms.
There's a good story to tell about the TMS Foundation during its 2023 year-end appeal--a story of growth, enthusiasm, and service. Carl Cady, TMS Foundation Board of Trustees Chair, is happy to share ...it as he encourages TMS members to donate to the Foundation as an important way to support their profession. He said the focus of the TMS Foundation Board of Trustees is to grow the endowment so the Foundation is self-sustaining and can continue to fund activities that enable and encourage their next generation of members to participate in the Society. He is excited by the growth of the Foundation's programs. They were able to expand the TMS Family Care Grant program from 20 to 30 grants offered in 2023 and have added five Young Leaders Professional Development Awards--one for each TMS technical division--to the next awards cycle.
The TMS Foundation successfully navigated a volatile economy in 2022, with its year-end appeal efforts posting $186,155--the third best year on record, and a marked increase from 2021. Carl Cady, TMS ...Foundation Board of Trustees chair, noted that the leadership and commitment of the trustees deserved special recognition for the TMS Foundation's continued rebound from challenges posed by the global pandemic. Cady said they had a very good year in their outreach, thanks to the efforts of Foundation Board of Trustees and the strength of the programs that they support. It is largely through their ongoing efforts to keep the Foundation as a visible part of TMS that they are becoming more successful in their fundraising. He is honored to serve with so many distinguished members of TMS on the Board of Trustees who are willing to financially support their programs, but are also willing to give the time necessary to do their outreach.
Investing in What Works Robinson, Lynne
JOM (1989),
12/2022, Letnik:
74, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Paul Ohodnicki sees it as a game changer. A current TMS Board member and associate professor, University of Pittsburgh, Ohodnicki received the 2010 Functional Materials Division Young Leaders ...Professional Development Award just as his career was taking off. He has benefited tremendously from his involvement with TMS both professionally and personally over the course of his career and it would never have been possible without the original support from the TMS Foundation for that early career award. There are only a handful of philanthropic causes which he made a major commitment to as he looks to give back at this stage in his career. The TMS Foundation is and will continue to be one of those core commitments that he will make for the remainder of his career because of the impact that it had on him. For more than a quarter of a century, the TMS Foundation has provided student scholarships and early career support to now hundreds of established science and engineering professionals. The value of this investment in the up-and-coming generations of TMS members is clear.
To describe the survivorship experience of young adult patients with thyroid cancer.
A qualitative, descriptive study.
Four Canadian provinces, with most participants from Ontario.
12 young adult ...thyroid cancer survivors who participated in a larger study on follow-up care needs consisting of 55 young adult cancer survivors.
Telephone interviews were conducted with cancer survivors who were diagnosed from age 18-39 years and were 1-5 years post-treatment.
All 12 thyroid cancer survivors discussed the feeling that their cancer experiences often were downplayed because thyroid cancer is labeled as the "good" cancer. Many said that they were not considered real patients with cancer by healthcare providers and other patients with cancer, and they were unable or unwilling to access support programs or assistance from healthcare providers.
Cancer can have an impact on a person's life regardless of the prognosis. Being diagnosed with thyroid cancer at a young age can pose additional challenges because of the lack of available support to address needs specific to young adults.
Healthcare providers must recognize the needs of thyroid cancer survivors and encourage them to access supportive services.
Patients with thyroid cancer believe that their needs often are overlooked because of high survival rates, and they have difficulty accessing support resources and finding help. Young adults with cancer often have unique support needs. Support needs may not be the same for all young adult patients with cancer, and those needs should be recognized and addressed.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Premenstrual disorders encompass a spectrum that ranges from mild cyclical psychological and somatic symptoms to the rarer but much-more-severe premenstrual dysphoric disorder. This condition is ...serious and the etiology is unclear, but possible causes include genetic factors, hormonal fluctuations, and neurotransmitter dysfunctions. Differentiation from other affective disorders can be difficult but is key to providing appropriate management. This comprehensive review will discuss the most-recent classification of premenstrual disorders, etiology, diagnosis, and potential current management strategies.
A 14-year-old West Highland White terrier dog developed multiple raised plaques that were confined to the concave surface of the right pinna. Histology allowed a diagnosis of viral plaque, although ...the lesions contained some unusual microscopic features. A papillomaviral (PV) DNA sequence was amplified from the plaque using consensus PCR primers. The amplified sequence was used as a template to design ‘outward facing’ PCR primers, which allowed amplification of the complete PV DNA sequence. The sequence was 7778 bp and was predicted to code for five early genes and two late genes. The ORF L1 showed the highest (83.9%) similarity to CPV15, and phylogenetic analysis revealed the novel PV clustered with the species 3 ChiPVs. The novel PV was designated as canine papillomavirus (CPV) type 25. As CPV25 was not previously detected in a canine viral plaque, this PV type may be a rare cause of skin disease in dogs. However, as plaques that remain confined to the pinna were not previously reported in dogs, it is possible that CPV25 could be more common in plaques from this area of skin. The findings from this case expand the number of PV types that cause disease in dogs. Evidence from this case suggests that, compared to the other canine ChiPV types, infection by CPV25 results in viral plaques in atypical locations with unusual histological features.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Freezing all embryos, followed by thawing and transferring them into the uterine cavity at a later stage (freeze-all), instead of fresh-embryo transfer may lead to improved pregnancy rates and fewer ...complications during in vitro fertilisation and pregnancies resulting from it.
We aimed to evaluate if a policy of freeze-all results in a higher healthy baby rate than the current policy of transferring fresh embryos.
This was a pragmatic, multicentre, two-arm, parallel-group, non-blinded, randomised controlled trial.
Eighteen in vitro fertilisation clinics across the UK participated from February 2016 to April 2019.
Couples undergoing their first, second or third cycle of in vitro fertilisation treatment in which the female partner was aged < 42 years.
If at least three good-quality embryos were present on day 3 of embryo development, couples were randomly allocated to either freeze-all (intervention) or fresh-embryo transfer (control).
The primary outcome was a healthy baby, defined as a live, singleton baby born at term, with an appropriate weight for their gestation. Secondary outcomes included ovarian hyperstimulation, live birth and clinical pregnancy rates, complications of pregnancy and childbirth, health economic outcome, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores.
A total of 1578 couples were consented and 619 couples were randomised. Most non-randomisations were because of the non-availability of at least three good-quality embryos (
= 476). Of the couples randomised, 117 (19%) did not adhere to the allocated intervention. The rate of non-adherence was higher in the freeze-all arm, with the leading reason being patient choice. The intention-to-treat analysis showed a healthy baby rate of 20.3% in the freeze-all arm and 24.4% in the fresh-embryo transfer arm (risk ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.62 to 1.15). Similar results were obtained using complier-average causal effect analysis (risk ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.44 to 1.10), per-protocol analysis (risk ratio 0.87, 95% confidence interval 0.59 to 1.26) and as-treated analysis (risk ratio 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 1.29). The risk of ovarian hyperstimulation was 3.6% in the freeze-all arm and 8.1% in the fresh-embryo transfer arm (risk ratio 0.44, 99% confidence interval 0.15 to 1.30). There were no statistically significant differences between the freeze-all and the fresh-embryo transfer arms in the live birth rates (28.3% vs. 34.3%; risk ratio 0.83, 99% confidence interval 0.65 to 1.06) and clinical pregnancy rates (33.9% vs. 40.1%; risk ratio 0.85, 99% confidence interval 0.65 to 1.11). There was no statistically significant difference in anxiety scores for male participants (mean difference 0.1, 99% confidence interval -2.4 to 2.6) and female participants (mean difference 0.0, 99% confidence interval -2.2 to 2.2) between the arms. The economic analysis showed that freeze-all had a low probability of being cost-effective in terms of the incremental cost per healthy baby and incremental cost per live birth.
We were unable to reach the original planned sample size of 1086 and the rate of non-adherence to the allocated intervention was much higher than expected.
When efficacy, safety and costs are considered, freeze-all is not better than fresh-embryo transfer.
This trial is registered as ISRCTN61225414.
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in
; Vol. 26, No. 25. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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