In the last decades, the ortho-aesthetic-functional rehabilitation had significant advances with the advent of implantology. Despite the success in implantology surgeries, there is a percentage of ...failures mainly due to in loco infections, through bacterial proliferation, presence of fungi and biofilm formation, originating peri-implantitis. In this sense, several studies have been conducted since then, seeking answers to numerous questions that remain unknown. Thus, the present work aims to discuss the interaction between host-oral microbiome and the development of peri-implantitis. Peri-implantitis was associated with a diversity of bacterial species, being Porphiromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia described in higher proportion of peri-implantitis samples. In a parallel role, the injury of peri-implant tissue causes an inflammatory response mediated by activation of innate immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, and neutrophils. In summary, the host immune system activation may lead to imbalance of oral microbiota, and, in turn, the oral microbiota dysbiosis is reported leading to cytokines, chemokines, prostaglandins, and proteolytic enzymes production. These biological processes may be responsible for implant loss.
is a global threat to healthcare, and despite the availability of new drugs, polymyxins are still an important therapeutic option for this and other resistant gram-negative pathogens. Broth ...microdilution is the only method that is recommended for polymyxins. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of a commercial Policimbac® plate in determining the polymyxin B MIC for
clinical isolates. The results were compared with those of the broth microdilution method according to ISO 16782. The Policimbac® plate had an excellent 98.04% categorical agreement, but unacceptable 31.37% essential agreement rates. Almost 2% of major errors as observed. Additionally, 52.94% of the strains overestimated the MIC at 1 µg/mL. Three isolates were excluded from the analysis due to the drying of the Policimbac® plate. To avoid dryness, we included wet gauze for the test, obtaining a 100% of categorical agreement rate; however, a low essential agreement was maintained (25.49%). In conclusion, the Policimbac® plate was unable to correctly determine the polymyxin B MIC for
isolates. This low performance may interfere with the clinical use of the drug and, thus, with the result of the patient's treatment.
Polymyxins are one of most important antibiotics available for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections. Diverse chromosomal resistance mechanisms have been described, but the polymyxin ...resistance phenotype is not yet completely understood. The objective of this study was to characterize colistin resistant
mcr-1
-producing strains isolated from human infections over one year in a hospital setting (Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, Brazil). We isolated 490 colistin-resistant Gram-negative rods, of which eight were
mcr-1.1
-positive
Escherichia coli
, the only species with this result, indicating a low incidence of the
mcr-1
production mechanism among colistin-resistant isolates. All
mcr-1.1
positive isolates showed similarly low MICs for colistin and were susceptible to most antibiotics tested. The isolates showed diversity of MLST classification. The eight
mcr-1.1
-positive
E. coli
genomes were sequenced. In seven of eight isolates the
mcr-1.1
gene is located in a contig that is presumed to be a part of an IncX4 plasmid; in one isolate, it is located in a contig that is presumed to be part of an IncHI2A plasmid. Three different genomic contexts for
mcr-1.1
were observed, including a genomic cassette
mcr-1.1-pap2
disrupting a DUF2806 domain-containing gene in six isolates. In addition, an IS1-family transposase was found inserted next to the
mcr-1.1
cassette in one isolate. An
mcr-1.1-pap2
genomic cassette not disrupting any gene was identified in another isolate. Our results suggest that plasmid dissemination of hospital-resident strains took place during the study period and highlight the need for continued genomic surveillance.
Prophylaxis with antiseptic and antibiotic therapy is common in impacted lower third molar surgeries, despite the lack of consensus among professionals and researchers in the indication for healthy ...patients. The aim of the present preliminary study was to verify the impact of prophylaxis therapy with antiseptic and antibiotic in healthy patients submitted to impacted lower third molar extraction, according to oral microorganism quantification. Eleven patients submitted to impacted lower third molar extraction, under prophylactic therapy with 0.12% chlorhexidine and amoxicillin in four experimental phases, were evaluated. Our results showed no significant reduction in total bacteria load, as well as in Bacteroidetes and
loads in the oral cavity, after prophylactic therapy with antiseptic and antibiotic. On the other hand, there was a significant difference between the Firmicutes levels across the follow-up, and this effect seems to be large (
).
test demonstrated that the levels of Firmicutes in T1 were higher than T0, T2, and T3, suggesting a microbiota dysbiosis, when 0.12% chlorhexidine use, which may be responsible for selection of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Our results alert for an overuse of antiseptic and antibiotics by dentists and for a better evaluation of the available protocols.
ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the chewing and swallowing pattern of obese individuals indicated for bariatric surgery/gastroplasty before the procedure, using standardized clinical protocols. ...Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive case-control study that presents preliminary data for a larger investigation. Eight participants matched for age and sex were divided into two groups (four in the research group and four as controls) and submitted to clinical speech therapy assessment using the “Questionnaire on eating behavior and the anatomofunctional conditions of the stomatognathic system” from the Expanded Protocol of Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES-E) and the maximum tongue pressure test. Results: when compared to controls, participants from the research group exhibited a predominantly unilateral chewing preference; reported that they just “swallowed food”; repeated swallowing of liquid and solid foods, with facial muscle tension; increased cheek volume and the presence of flaccidity; shorter meal and chewing times; increased tension of the lips, mentalis and facial muscles at rest and during swallowing; predominance of insufficient ability with associated movements and/or tremors during lip, tongue, jaw and cheek movements; and lack of knowledge regarding speech therapy. Conclusion: orofacial myofunctional dysfunctions were more frequent in patients from the research group when compared to controls. A need to increase the number of participants in this case series and conduct a post-surgery reassessment, in order to provide a longitudinal description of the chewing and swallowing pattern, was verified.
RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o padrão de mastigação e deglutição de indivíduos com obesidade, indicados à realização de cirurgia bariátrica/gastroplastia, antes do procedimento, por meio de protocolos clínicos padronizados. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal, do tipo caso controle, que apresenta dados preliminares de um estudo maior. Oito participantes, divididos em quatro casos controle e quatro casos pesquisa, pareados por idade e gênero, foram submetidos a avaliação clínica fonoaudiológica por meio do “Questionário sobre comportamento alimentar e as condições anatomofuncionais do sistema estomatognático”, do protocolo AMIOFE-E e do teste de pressão máxima de língua. Resultados: os participantes dos casos pesquisa apresentaram em comparação aos casos controle: predominância de mastigação unilateral preferencial; referiram que apenas “engole o alimento”; repetição de deglutição em alimentos líquidos e sólidos, com presença de tensão dos músculos faciais; bochechas com volume aumentado e presença de flacidez; tempo de refeição e mastigação menores; tensão aumentada de lábios, músculos mentual e faciais no repouso e na deglutição; predominância de habilidade insuficiente com movimentos associados e/ou tremor nas tarefas de mobilidade de lábios, língua, mandíbula e bochechas; e desconhecimento da atuação fonoaudiológica. Conclusão: os pacientes do grupo pesquisa, apresentaram maior ocorrência de alterações miofuncionais orofaciais quando comparados ao grupo controle. Identifica-se a necessidade do aumento do número de participantes nesta série de casos, assim como a possibilidade de reavaliação no momento pós-cirúrgico visando uma descrição longitudinal do padrão de mastigação e deglutição.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a experiência vivenciada por acadêmicas de enfermagem – integrantes do projeto de extensão “Acidentes domésticos na infância não é brincadeira”, da ...Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA)– na realização da atividade lúdica “Tabuleiro Humano”, sobre a prevenção de acidentes domésticos na infância. Foi utilizada uma metodologia lúdica de ensino, em forma de tabuleiro, utilizando os próprios participantes como peças vivas do tabuleiro. A atividade foi realizada em dezembro de 2019, na classe hospitalar anexa ao setor de internação pediátrica de um hospital universitário de Belém-PA. O público-alvo foram crianças internadas na ala pediátrica, com seus respectivos acompanhantes. Compreende-se que as ações desenvolvidas com o uso de tecnologias educativas lúdicas foram de extrema relevância para promover a educação em saúde, principalmente quando se trata do atendimento ao público infantil.
BACKGROUNDThe Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) is a questionnaire that was developed by Finnish researchers to track the risk of diabetes. OBJECTIVETo translate, cross-culturally adapt and ...validate the FINDRISC for use in Brazilian Portuguese. DESIGN AND SETTINGQuestionnaire validity study conducted at a private university. METHODSThe Brazilian version of the FINDRISC was developed through the processes of translation, back-translation, committee review and pre-testing. Test-retest reliability was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), kappa coefficient, standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha. For construct validity, the total score of the FINDRISC was correlated with the Diabetes Knowledge Scale (DKN-A) and Diabetes Mellitus Risk Questionnaire (QRDM). Ceiling and floor effects were also evaluated in the present study. RESULTSFor construct validity and floor and ceiling effect measurements, a total sample of 107 participants was used. For reliability, a subsample of 51 participants out of the total sample was used. We identified adequate values for reliability (kappa ≥ 0.79 and ICC = 0.98) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.84). Regarding the error inherent in the FINDRISC, we found SEM = 8.02% and MDC = 22.44%. There were significant correlations between the FINDRISC and the QRDM (r = 0.686) and DKN-A (r = -0.216). No ceiling or floor effects were found. CONCLUSIONThe Brazilian version of the FINDRISC has adequate psychometric properties that are in accordance with the best international recommendations.
Objetivo: desvelar a permanência de mulheres em um cotidiano conjugal violento. Método: estudo qualitativo,fundamentado no método da História Oral, realizado com 29 mulheres vítimas de violência ...conjugal acompanhadaspor uma Vara de Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra a Mulher de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Os dados foram coletadosentre setembro e dezembro de 2020 por meio de entrevistas individuais e analisados à luz da Teoria do Cotidiano.Resultados: a história oral das mulheres aponta para a não percepção da situação de abuso no início da relação, revelaa crença na possibilidade de controlar os episódios de violência e o comprometimento da saúde psicoemocional.Soma-se a isso a expectativa pela mudança de postura do parceiro no cotidiano conjugal. Conclusão: as narrativasdesvelam a complexidade envolvida na repetição da vida cotidiana, o que faz com que muitas mulheres, mesmo já sereconhecendo em vivência de violência, não consigam romper o relacionamento.
The high frequency of infectious diseases has spurred research into effective tactics to combat microorganisms that are resistant to several drugs. The overproduction of the transmembrane efflux pump ...protein NorA, which may export hydrophilic fluoroquinolones, is a common mechanism of resistance in S. aureus strains. This work evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Croton heliotropiifolius (EECH) against different bacterial and fungal strains, as well as investigating its modulating effect on the resistance to norfloxacin in a Staphylococcus aureus SA1199B overproducing the NorA efflux pump. Microdilution assays were used to assess the EECH’s antibacterial efficacy. The MIC of norfloxacin or ethidium bromide (EtBr) against the SA1199B strain was determined in the presence or absence of the EECH in order to assess the modifying influence on drug resistance. The EECH showed no activity against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains tested. The EECH also showed no antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231. On the other hand, the extract reduced the MIC values for norfloxacin against SA1199B at subinhibitory concentrations. In addition, the EECH also reduced the MIC values of EtBr at subinhibitory concentrations, suggesting the occurrence of phytochemicals that inhibit efflux pumps. Molecular docking showed that retusin, a flavonoid found in the extract, could compete with norfloxacin at the orthosteric site of the NorA, indicating that it could be a potential efflux pump inhibitor. However, isolated retusin did not enhance the activity of norfloxacin or EtBr and it did not inhibit the EtBr efflux, showing that it is not a NorA inhibitor. Even though C. heliotropiifolius is a source of phytochemicals that function as adjuvants for norfloxacin, isolated retusin cannot be used in conjunction with norfloxacin to treat infections brought on by S. aureus that overproduces NorA.
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