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•Studies according to industrial worker´s behavior toward energy efficiency are reviewed and analyzed.•A new approach for assessing the industrial worker´s behavior toward energy ...efficiency based on SEM is developed and applied.•The Theory of Planned Behavior is not sufficient for evaluate human behavior in industrial. environment.•The Ajzen´s model was improved to reflect the worker´s behavior toward energy efficiency in a better way.
Application of energy efficiency measures is one of the most hopeful solutions to face global environmental challenges, to minimize natural resources consumption and the greenhouse effect. However, the level of implementation in the industrial sector is far below of what theoretically could be achieved due to several barriers, one of which is the behavior of industrial workers. The aim of this paper is to rank the critical factors of industrial worker behavior with relation to energy saving in an industrial organization. A case study was undertaken to analyze workers' intentions to adopt energy efficiency measures, using an extended model of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A survey gathered the data to assess the model and a structural equation modeling (SEM) was fitted. The results indicate that two factors of the adjusted SEM model are not statistically significant, contrary to what was expected by the TPB and the human reliability; therefore, these two factors, subjective norms and performance shaping factors, should be the object of greater attention so as to influence the behavior of workers towards greater energy saving in industrial units.
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•A parametric analysis of a shell-and-tube-surface condenser is performed.•Results are adjusted by an ANFIS for its design and evaluation under other conditions.•The use of ANFIS ...shows advantages over other traditional approaches such as the EES.•Results were compared with the EES and the error is lesser than 10%.
Surface condensers are among the widest equipment used in various industrial sectors as well as in power plants. One of the most common types of surface condensers is shell and tube heat exchangers which are robust and easy to use in multifold environments. On the other hand, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) are widely used in many engineering applications such as healthcare services, production management, quality control, emergency responses, traffic control and so on. In the current study, a shell-and-tube-surface condenser is represented by a phenomenological model and a parametric analysis of the operational and geometric variables is performed. These results are adjusted by an ANFIS in order to enable a systematic tool that allows the design and evaluation of the equipment under other operating conditions. The use of ANFIS to evaluate the operation of a surface condenser or to make a previous design based on certain operating conditions demonstrates advantages over the use of traditional approaches such as the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) because the use of fuzzy rules offers a high combinatorial option in the analysis that joint with the possibility of learning of neural networks allow to obtain a reliable and easy application tool to quickly achieve the desired results within a planned range of operation and design, being possible, in addition, to change the ranges of the input variables without needing to do calculations, only reusing the tool obtained with different data, depending on the conditions of the process in question. The results obtained were compared with a conventional evaluation tool (EES) and the percentage error when comparing both approaches is lesser than 10%, which demonstrates the validity of the neuro-fuzzy system proposed.
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•A new ecological Function based on entransy dissipation is proposed.•Shell and tubes heat exchangers are optimized using NSGAII multicriteria approach.•There is carried out a case ...study from literature with good results.
Shell and tube heat exchangers are the most important equipment in chemical processes plants. The heat exchanger design from the thermodynamic point of view is based on two fundamental aspects, the global heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop. In 2007 a new thermodynamic property denominated “Entransy” was defined, which expresses the capacity of a body to transfer heat. This property can totally characterize the capacity to transfer heat of a shell and tube heat exchanger. The loss of this capacity is denominated “Entransy Dissipation”. For evaluating the ecological impact of thermal machines, Angulo-Brown created in 1991 the “ecological function”. In this paper the “entransy dissipation” and the ecological function were combined and a new expression for evaluating the ecological impact of shell and tube heat exchangers is proposed. A multi-objective optimization of shell and tube heat exchangers considering irreversibility is also carried out. The ecological function and the cost were used as objective functions. For solving the of multi-objective optimization problem, the method of the Genetic Algorithms is used.
Generation of electric energy through wind turbines is one of the practically inexhaustible alternatives of generation. It is considered a source of clean energy, but still needs a lot of research ...for the development of science and technologies that ensures uniformity in generation, providing a greater participation of this source in the energy matrix, since the wind presents abrupt variations in speed, density and other important variables. In wind-based electrical systems, it is essential to predict at least one day in advance the future values of wind behavior, in order to evaluate the availability of energy for the next period, which is relevant information in the dispatch of the generating units and in the control of the electrical system. This paper develops ultra-short, short, medium and long-term prediction models of wind speed, based on computational intelligence techniques, using artificial neural network models, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and hybrid models including forecasting using wavelets. For the application of the methodology, the meteorological variables of the database of the national organization system of environmental data (SONDA), Petrolina station, from 1 January 2004 to 31 March 2017, were used. A comparison among results by different used approaches is also done and it is also predicted the possibility of power and energy generation using a certain kind of wind generator.
The aim of this article is to present a systematic review of the literature on urban logistics and its stakeholders and identify future research directions. In order to discuss the main contributions ...and trends of this theme, a combination of bibliometric analysis techniques, semantic and content and a technological prospection were performed. Through the evaluation of a sample group of seventy one articles, it was possible to trace paths and understand content approaches, identifying advantages, limitations and conditions for the good development of city logistics and its agents. Based on these findings, the low evidence of how effectively each of the stakeholders influencing the activities of city logistics stands out, since your heterogeneity and conflict of interest are singled out as the cause of the difficulty of this deployment. It is important to note that from the technological prospection was possible to identify the state of innovation on the world stage in the area studied.
The necessary transformation of the world’s energy matrices has led to a growth in developing technologies based on renewable sources. In this context, photovoltaic panels and their components count ...in Brazil with a production and commercialization chain that has accumulated a sustained growth of more than 100% of its generation capacities between the years 2018 and 2019, and that can fulfill or overcome this rate in 2019 to 2020. However, the conditions of a competitive market and the availability of a significant number of middle and small companies for the distribution and installation of photovoltaic technology may represent a scenario where multiple indicators must be considered. The purpose of this study is to apply a combined method to aid decision-making that corresponds to the supplier selection of the technology in the context of Northeast Brazil. The method is composed by the combination of a diffuse inference technique together with a multicriteria decision-making method, VIKOR, and the weight assignment to the indicators using the entropy method, according to the values of the decision matrix resulting from the diffuse inference technique that allows to develop the calculus. The results show that data collection from multiple sources and based on input variables can offer metrics about the suppliers for the selection criteria. Restrictions derived from data collection can be a barrier, and the method relies on an adapted script that facilitates application.
This paper presents a specific method to improve the reliability of the equipment and the quality of power supplied to the electrical systems with the frequency and voltage control of a ...thermoelectric plant, to guarantee a more stable system. The method has the novelty of combining Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) using only four pillars, with Electrical Predictive Maintenance based in failure analysis and diagnostic. It prevents voltage drops caused by excessive reactive consumption, thus guaranteeing the company a perfect functioning of its equipment and providing a longer life of them. The Maintenance Management Program (MMP) seeks to prevent failures from causing the equipment to be shut down from the electrical system, which means large financial losses, either by reducing billing or by paying fines to the regulatory agency, in addition to prejudice the reliability of the system. Using management tools, but applying only four TPM pillars, it was possible to achieve innovation in power plants with internal combustion engines. This study aims to provide maintenance with a more reliable process, through the implantation of measurement, control and diagnostic devices, thus allowing the management to reduce breakdown of plant equipment. Some results have been achieved after the implementation, such as reduction of annual maintenance cost, reduction of corrective maintenance, increase of MTBF (Mean Time between Failures) and reduction of MTTR (Mean Time to Repair) in all areas. Probabilistic models able to describe real processes in a more realistic way, and facilitate the optimization at maximum reliability or minimum costs are presented. Such results are reflected in more reliable and continual power generation.
The optimization of economic emission load dispatch is one of the most significant tasks in power plants. This article aims to analyze a new application of the computational optimization by simulated ...annealing technique including turning off the motors with greatest losses. The incremental cost of fuel consumption and the lambda iteration methods are combined to determine the best parameters of active power of each
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generator unit, ensuring that the total losses and demand are equal to the total generated power but minimizing the total cost of fuel consumption and carbon emission. Many materials and methods have been elaborated to fix the economic emission load dispatch, among them are as follows: differential evolution method, gradient method and Newton’s method. The results found for this case study, with the new application of simulated annealing, were outstanding having a reduction of 20.14% in the total fuel cost, comparing to classical methods that distribute the generation of power among all motors, including the least efficient ones. This method helps the expert in the decision making of preventive maintenance of machines that are not working in the moment of multi-objective optimization, improving not only the yield of generation and carbon emission reduction but also of the power plant generation planning.
The changes that have occurred in an industrial process are generally associated with the need to improve competitiveness levels. Failure reduction and cost control are one of the requirements that ...enable the sustainable continuity of the industry in a market. The need to improve processes is then emerging by redefining low efficiency activities; the identification of failures in the task and the reduction of process losses. This work is related to a case study in a large industry in the Brazilian metallurgical sector (iron-alloy production) and comprises the integrated use of the Likert scale and fuzzy logic aiming at identifying and evaluating the effect of critical variables of the process on the losses generation. The model incorporates the knowledge obtained from operators and managers, thus being useful for the elaboration of an action plan for regulating and improving the execution of the task.
Generalized renewable energy use and the implementation of energy efficiency are two promising solutions to face global environmental challenges and achieve sustainable development. Government and ...large enterprises are making efforts in this direction; however, there are bottlenecks to start energy efficiency projects especially in non-intensive energy enterprises (NIEs). The aim of this work is to discuss energy efficiency improvement (EEI) initiatives and analyses a framework proposal to improve the energy efficiency implementation in (NIEs). It was applied the theory of Barrier Model to Energy Efficiency to understand the gap between the levels of opportunities implemented, and what theoretically the industrial sector could achieve. It was found that behavior barriers are relevant to understand the efficiency gap and it is necessary to have an action plan to address them. The analysis has been carried out in the fertilizer industry and the preliminary results demonstrate the advantageous reduction of energy losses.
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