Exoskeletons provide an ergonomic solution that can reduce the physical strain that specific segments of the body are exposed to while performing certain tasks, especially in industrial environments. ...Before incorporating an exoskeleton into a workstation, it is important to conduct a biomechanical analysis to assess both the improvements and benefits of its introduction into the workstation, as well as any associated risks. Any such biomechanical analysis should record the muscular activity, movements and reaction forces of the body segments that are mainly involved in the performance of the work activity. The procedure followed by the Instituto de Biomecánica (IBV) includes the study of movements in the workstation, the definition of biomechanical variables, the performance of tests and the analysis of the results. To carry out the biomechanical analysis of an exoskeleton, the IBV uses Kinemov/IBV, a tool that allows the synchronized recording of the different variables required for this analysis. In conclusion, a biomechanical analysis is essential to assess the desirability of incorporating an exoskeleton into awork environment and Kinemov/IBV is a useful tool to perform this analysis.
Los exoesqueletos son una solución ergonómica para reducir la carga física de los segmentos corporales que entran en juego durante la realización de ciertas tareas, sobre todo en entornos industriales. Es importante realizar un análisis biomecánico cuando se incorpora un exoesqueleto en un puesto de trabajo, ya que permite evaluar tanto las mejoras y ventajas que supone su introducción en los puestos de trabajo como los riesgos que podría conllevar su implementación. En este análisis biomecánico se debe registrar la actividad muscular, los movimientos y las fuerzas de reacción de los segmentos corporales principalmente involucrados en la realización de la actividad laboral. El Instituto de Biomecánica (IBV) sigue un procedimiento que involucra el estudio de los movimientos en el puesto de trabajo, la definición de variables biomecánicas, la realización de pruebas y el análisis de los resultados. Para realizar este análisis, el IBV utiliza Kinemov/IBV, una herramienta que permite el registro sincronizado de las diferentes variables necesarias para el análisis biomecánico de exoesqueletos. En conclusión, el estudio biomecánico es fundamental para evaluar la idoneidad de incorporar exoesqueletos en entornos laborales y Kinemov/IBV es una herramienta útil para llevar a cabo este análisis.
Specific prefrontal cognitive impairments have been reported in first-episode and chronic schizophrenia. We sought to investigate potential impairments in specific prefrontal cortical cognitive ...functions among stabilized patients with a first-episode of schizophrenia. A sample of 80 individuals with a first-episode of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 22 healthy volunteers underwent a neurocognitive battery assessing orbitofrontal (OFC) The Iowa Gambling Task (GT), and dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) functions (WAIS III Backward digits, verbal fluency test (FAS), and Trail Making Test). Cognitive data were obtained following stabilization of acute psychotic symptoms. Clinical symptoms after six weeks of treatment were assessed by using the SAPS and SANS scales. While there were no significant group differences in overall scores and in the profile of progress of performance along periods on the GT, patient group showed a significant impairment when performing DLPFC tasks. Only FAS score was correlated to the severity of negative symptomatology. The OFC functions are unimpaired at the early phases of psychosis and in contrast there is a significant deficit in DLPFC functions in first-episode of schizophrenia.
The natural history of cancers associated with virus exposure is intriguing, since only a minority of human tissues infected with these viruses inevitably progress to cancer. However, the molecular ...reasons why the infection is controlled or instead progresses to subsequent stages of tumorigenesis are largely unknown. In this article, we provide the first complete DNA methylomes of double-stranded DNA viruses associated with human cancer that might provide important clues to help us understand the described process. Using bisulfite genomic sequencing of multiple clones, we have obtained the DNA methylation status of every CpG dinucleotide in the genome of the Human Papilloma Viruses 16 and 18 and Human Hepatitis B Virus, and in all the transcription start sites of the Epstein-Barr Virus. These viruses are associated with infectious diseases (such as hepatitis B and infectious mononucleosis) and the development of human tumors (cervical, hepatic, and nasopharyngeal cancers, and lymphoma), and are responsible for 1 million deaths worldwide every year. The DNA methylomes presented provide evidence of the dynamic nature of the epigenome in contrast to the genome. We observed that the DNA methylome of these viruses evolves from an unmethylated to a highly methylated genome in association with the progression of the disease, from asymptomatic healthy carriers, through chronically infected tissues and pre-malignant lesions, to the full-blown invasive tumor. The observed DNA methylation changes have a major functional impact on the biological behavior of the viruses.
This study shows that incorrect responses are preceded by different EEG characteristics than correct responses, and that these differences appear in specific brain regions that participate in each ...particular task. EEGs were recorded in children during three different tasks: color discrimination (CDT), verbal working memory (VWM), and word categorization task (WCT). EEG segments previous to the presentation of the stimulus were analysed. Incorrect responses were preceded by lower EEG power values at 7.8 Hz in posterior temporal and right parietal leads in CDT, 8.59 and 9.36 Hz in frontal areas in VWM, and 10.72 Hz in the left hemisphere in WCT. In the former task > 1.56 Hz power in frontal areas prior to an incorrect response was also observed.
In a previous study (Harmony et al. 1993) we observed that the volume of lesions was correlated only with delta power, while the volume and density of edema showed a significant correlation with ...theta and alpha power, suggesting two independent origins of activity in the delta and theta bands in patients with space-occupying lesions. Our goal in this paper is to show, through a different technique, in a narrow band spectral analysis, that brain lesions are characterized by activity in the delta domain and that edema is better correlated with activity within the theta range. Frequency source analysis based on the Maximum Likelihood (ML) test for rejection of isotropicity was applied to the EEG at rest of 36 patients with space-occupying intracranial lesions. The ML test was rejected at frequencies below 1 Hz and in the low range of the delta rhythm in 31 patients. The origin of the equivalent dipoles at these frequencies was within the volume of the lesion in 27 patients. In 15 patients out of 19 with vasogenic edema the ML test was rejected at frequencies in the theta range. The equivalent dipoles at these frequencies were all within the volume of the edema.
España es plural: Una encuesta con matices Luna, Fernando Agullera; Asensio, Pilar; Zurita, M. Goya Asín ...
El Ciervo,
03/2007, Letnik:
56, Številka:
672
Magazine Article
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