In financial time series there are time periods in which market indices values or assets prices increase or decrease monotonically. We call those events "price runs", "elementary uninterrupted ...trends" or just "uninterrupted trends". In this paper we study the distribution of the duration of uninterrupted trends for the daily indices DJIA, NASDAQ, IPC and Nikkei 225 during the period of time from 10/30/1978 to 08/07/2020 and we compare the simple geometric statistical model with p = 1 2 consistent with the EMH to the empirical data. By a fitting procedure, it is found that the geometric distribution with parameter p = 1 2 provides a good model for uninterrupted trends of short and medium duration for the more mature markets; however, longest duration events still need to be statistically characterized. Estimated values of the parameter p were also obtained and confirmed by calculating the mean value of p fluctuations from empirical data. Additionally, the observed trend duration distributions for the different studied markets are compared over time by means of the Anderson-Darling (AD) test, to the expected geometric distribution with parameter p = 1 2 and to a geometric distribution with a free parameter p, making possible to assess and compare different market geometric behavior for different dates as well as to measure the fraction of time runs duration from studied markets are consistent with the geometric distribution with p = 1 2 and in parametric free way.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Biological nitrogen fixation is limited to several groups of prokaryotes, some of them reduce nitrogen as free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Protozoa predation on these latter releases sequestered ...nitrogen that may enhance the formation of new bacterial biomass and possibly increase nitrogen fixation within soil microbial communities. We aim to evaluate the predation effect of
Colpoda
sp. on two nitrogen fixers:
Azospirillum lipoferum
and
Stenotrophomonas
sp. during their lag, early exponential, and exponential phases. The kinetics of bacterial population growth was determined in the predators’ presence or absence and the effect of predation on the rate of N fixation was evaluated through the reduction of acetylene to ethylene technique.
Colpoda
sp. showed a non-significant difference in preferences between the two species offered as prey. Consequently, the abundance of
A. lipoferum
and
Stenotrophomonas
sp. decreased significantly due to predator’s pressure and both species responded by increasing their specific growth rate. Likewise, predation promoted greater nitrogen fixation rate by CFU during the lag phase in
A. lipoferum
(0.20 nM/CFU with predation vs 0.09 nM/CFU without predation) and
Stenotrophomonas
sp. (0.22 nM/CFU vs 0.09 nM/CFU respectively). During early exponential phase (29 h), the rate diminished to 0.13 and 0.05 nM/CFU in
A. lipoferum
and to 0.09 nM/CFU and 0.05 nM/CFU in
Stenotrophomonas
sp. Finally, during the exponential phase (52 h), only
A. lipoferum
without predation produced 0.003 nM/CFU of ethylene. Thus, the nitrogenase activity was higher in the lag and the early exponential phases when predator activity was involved.
Graphical abstract
In this paper a comparative, coarse grained, entropy data analysis of multi-scale log-returns distribution, produced by an ideal “optimal trader” and one thousand “noise traders” performing “bucket ...shop” trading, by following four different financial daily indices, is presented. A sole optimal trader is assigned to each one of these four analyzed markets, DJIA, IPC, Nikkei and DAX. Distribution of differential entropies of the corresponding multi-scale log-returns of the optimal and noise traders are calculated. Kullback-Leiber distances between the different optimal traders returns distributions are also calculated and results discussed. We show that the entropy of returns distribution of optimal traders for each analyzed market indeed reaches minimum values with respect to entropy distribution of noise traders and we measure this distance in σ units for each analyzed market. We also include a discussion on stationarity of the introduced multi-scale log-returns observable. Finally, a practical application of the obtained results related with ranking markets by their entropy measure as calculated here is presented.
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a fungal infection with high mortality and morbidity rates. This disease is caused by several
species and affects patients with an underlying respiratory ...condition. This pilot study aims to recognize CPA among patients with different respiratory diseases. Twenty-one out of 47 patients were classified as CPA based on the examination of clinical signs and symptoms, radiological findings, mycological culture of respiratory samples and analysis of
IgG antibodies. There was a close association between high levels of
IgG antibodies and the presence of cavities. Although
was the predominant species among clinical isolates, the number of isolates was small to reach conclusions on the prevalence of this species as main cause of CPA in Cuba. From the eleven evaluable patients for the treatment with itraconazole (Lozartil
), nine improved their health status while two did not show any recovery. This drug is included in the therapy schemes for aspergillosis in Cuba.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Diseñar un procedimiento de gestión del financiamiento bancario que favorezca la articulación productiva en torno a la cadena de valor, con vistas a estimular la exportación en ...Cuba. Métodos y técnicas: La observación directa, criterio de expertos y talleres grupales. Resultados: Un cambio de paradigma en la gestión del financiamiento bancario, con la presentación de un nuevo enfoque que propiciará un aumento de las capacidades empresariales al vincularse con el sistema económico, fortaleciendo las capacidades ya existentes y las articulaciones productivas; además de contribuir a la toma de decisiones. El análisis tiene en cuenta que cada parte de la cadena tiene vida propia y aporta al logro del producto final. Conclusiones: La gestión del financiamiento bancario actual no se realiza de forma integradora, ni está dirigida a la articulación productiva que favorezca la exportación en Cuba, con lo cual esta investigación pretende contribuir.
Dressler Syndrome Maria Cristina Martínez-Ávila; Camilo José Polanco Guerra; Carlos Manuel Restrepo Guette ...
Iatreia (Medellín, Colombia),
10/2023, Letnik:
36, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Dressler syndrome is a form of pericarditis arising from acute injury to the myocardium or pericardium. It manifests within the tenth week post-infarction. It is noteworthy that the myocardial injury ...preceding the syndrome may result from cardiotomy. Thus, while the general focus is post-infarction, sources also refer to post-cardiotomy syndrome. Its pathophysiology remains uncertain, potentially involving an interaction between the complement system and affected tissue. To date, no pathognomonic signs or consensus criteria exist, posing a substantial challenge for clinicians. Diagnosis necessitates a history of myocardial or pericardial injury, in conjunction with inflammatory markers and electrocardiographic abnormalities; imaging aids in ruling out differentials and complications. Treatment is tailored based on hemodynamic stability and comorbidities. Acquaintance with this syndrome is crucial, as though it often follows a self-limiting course, a high recurrence rate impairs patients’ quality of life.
The circulation patterns and the impact of the lateral export of nutrients and organic matter off NW Africa are examined by applying an inverse model to two hydrographic datasets gathered in fall ...2002 and spring 2003. These estimates show significant changes in the circulation patterns at central levels from fall to spring, particularly in the southern boundary of the domain related to zonal shifts of the Cape Verde Frontal Zone. Southward transports at the surface and central levels at 26∘ N are 5.6±1.9 Sv in fall and increase to 6.7±1.6 Sv in spring; westward transports at 26∘ W are 6.0±1.8 Sv in fall and weaken to 4.0±1.8 Sv in spring. At 21∘ N a remarkable temporal variability is obtained, with a northward mass transport of 4.4±1.5 Sv in fall and a southward transport of 5.2±1.6 Sv in spring. At intermediate levels important spatiotemporal differences are also observed, and it must be highlighted that a northward net mass transport of 2.0±1.9 Sv is obtained in fall at both the south and north transects. The variability in the circulation patterns is also reflected in lateral transports of inorganic nutrients (SiO2, NO3, PO4) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Hence, in fall the area acts as a sink of inorganic nutrients and a source of DOC, while in spring it reverses to a source of inorganic nutrients and a sink of DOC. A comparison between nutrient fluxes from both in situ observations and numerical modeling output is finally addressed.
Primary cardiac malignancies are rare entities. Although sarcomas enclosed the main group of malignant heart neoplasms, primary cardiac leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare and constitutes less than 8% ...of cardiac tumors. Leiomyosarcoma usually originates from the pulmonary veins and have a worm-like shaped structure. In this article, we present a case of a 40-year-old Hispanic man diagnosed with a cardiac tumor who underwent surgical resection, during pathological examination the tissue samples were consistent with a malignancy of mesenchymal origin that contained irregular bundles of spindle cells. Subsequent immunohistochemical study categorized the mass as a primary heart leiomyosarcoma with positive smooth muscle actin and muscle specific actin. As usual in this type of malignancy, patient's clinical status declined overtime, recurrence was diagnosed two months after surgery, and four months after the procedure the patient was discharge for palliative care.
Los textos literarios han ganado terreno en las clases de español como lengua extranjera a pesar de la resistencia de algunos autores. La literatura aporta un considera repertorio de situaciones ...socioculturales posibles que el profesor de ELE puede utilizar para el desarrollo de las competencias lingüística, pragmática, comunicativa. Los manuales de ELE aun disponen de los textos literarios para el trabajo con la gramática.
Introducción: la enfermedad por Ébola tiene elevada letalidad y no existe tratamiento efectivo. Es necesario su estudio y estar preparados para el enfrentamiento de futuras epidemias. Objetivo: ...describir la distribución espacio-temporal y relación con variables de persona, lugar y tiempo, de los pacientes con la enfermedad por el virus del Ébola atendido en el Centro de Tratamiento de Coyah. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal. El universo lo constituyó los pacientes ingresados (N= 350) en este centro. La información se obtuvo de las historias clínicas. Resultados: se confirmaron casos con Ébola 244 pacientes (69,71 % de positividad), 53,28 % del sexo femenino; la media de edades fue de 30 años; 5 días promedio entre el inicio de los síntomas y el ingreso (mediana de 4 días). El 90,57 % de los enfermos procedía de la región Kindia y 61,07 % de la prefectura Forecariah. El número de pacientes ingresados, según semana estadística, presentó las fluctuaciones características de los brotes epidémicos. En el centro se registraron 133 fallecidos (tasa de letalidad de 54,5 por cada 100 enfermos confirmados). Conclusiones: la elevada confirmación de casos caracterizó la enfermedad, presente fundamentalmente en mujeres jóvenes, con ingreso alrededor de una semana, a partir de los primeros síntomas. La incidencia semanal de casos presentó fluctuaciones características de brotes epidémicos. La tasa de letalidad de la enfermedad fue baja.
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