To the Editor, We read with interest the article by Watson et al 1, which shows a significantly higher proportion (54%) of early onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) cases harboring KRAS mutations, in ...contrast to the low prevalence reported before (<30%), a finding independent of tumor stage. Since a few years ago, we have been characterizing this important EOCRC subgroup within colorectal cancer (CRC).
Abstract Background Systemic arterial load impacts the symptomatic status and outcome of patients with calcific degenerative aortic stenosis (AS). However, assessing vascular properties is ...challenging because the arterial tree’s behavior could be influenced by the valvular obstruction. Objectives This study sought to characterize the interaction between valvular and vascular functions in patients with AS by using transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) as a clinical model of isolated intervention. Methods Aortic pressure and flow were measured simultaneously using high-fidelity sensors in 23 patients (mean 79 ± 7 years of age) before and after TAVR. Blood pressure and clinical response were registered at 6-month follow-up. Results Systolic and pulse arterial pressures, as well as indices of vascular function (vascular resistance, aortic input impedance, compliance, and arterial elastance), were significantly modified by TAVR, exhibiting stiffer vascular behavior post-intervention (all, p < 0.05). Peak left ventricular pressure decreased after TAVR (186 ± 36 mm Hg vs. 162 ± 23 mm Hg, respectively; p = 0.003) but remained at >140 mm Hg in 70% of patients. Wave intensity analysis showed abnormally low forward and backward compression waves at baseline, increasing significantly after TAVR. Stroke volume decreased (−21 ± 19%; p < 0.001) and correlated with continuous and pulsatile indices of arterial load. In the 48 h following TAVR, a hypertensive response was observed in 12 patients (52%), and after 6-month follow-up, 5 patients required further intensification of discharge antihypertensive therapy. Conclusions Vascular function in calcific degenerative AS is conditioned by the upstream valvular obstruction that dampens forward and backward compression waves in the arterial tree. An increase in vascular load after TAVR limits the procedure’s acute afterload relief.
Abstract Introduction This study evaluates radiographically the efficacy of 4 revascularization protocols in necrotic-infected immature dog teeth with apical periodontitis (AP). Methods Forty ...double-rooted immature premolar teeth from 4 female beagle dogs aged 5 months were used. Four teeth were left untouched as negative controls; the other 36 teeth were infected to develop pulp necrosis and AP following different treatment protocols. Four teeth were left untreated and assigned to the positive control group, and the last 28 teeth were randomly assigned into 4 experimental groups of 8 teeth: A1, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) + a blood clot; A2, NaOCl + platelet-rich plasma (PRP); B1, NaOCl + modified triantibiotic paste (mTAP) + a blood clot; and B2, NaOCl + mTAP + PRP. Teeth were monitored radiographically for 6 months regarding healing of periapical radiolucencies, thickening of the dentinal walls, and apical closure of roots. Results Significant differences ( P < .05) between the 4 groups were evident in the percentage of teeth showing improvement of periapical radiolucencies (62.5%), continued radiographic thickening of radicular walls (53.1%), radiographic apical closure (43.8%), and deposition of hard tissue on radicular dentin walls (53.1%). Group B2 showed maximal improvement in the 3 variables assessed ( P < .05). Group A1 showed the minimum percentages in the 3 parameters assessed ( P < .05). Conclusions These results suggest that an intracanal dressing of mTAP and the use of PRP as scaffold improves the success rate of the revascularization procedure.
Highlights • MTAP in revascularization procedures provides good histologic results. • PRP in revascularization procedures provides good histologic results. • MTAP and PRP improves the success rate of ...the revascularization procedure.
Abstract Objectives We sought to assess the impact of feelings of safety in one's neighborhood and home on sleep quality and sleep duration. Design The design is a cross-sectional survey using ...face-to-face interviews, as part of the Argentine Social Debt Observatory assessment. Setting The setting is a nationwide data from Argentina. Participants There are 5636 participants aged 18 years and older. Intervention (if any) N/A. Measurements The relationships between both subjective sleep quality and self-reported sleep duration, categorized as short (< 7 hours), normal (7-8 hours), and long (> 8 hours) with safety in one's neighborhood and one's home, were analyzed. Age, sex, obesity, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and education were included as covariates. Results Feeling unsafe in one's home was strongly associated with poorer sleep quality and with short sleep duration. Feeling unsafe in one's neighborhood was initially associated with reduced sleep quality but was no longer significant after controlling for home safety. In contrast, we found no correlation between safety measures and long sleep. In analyses stratified by sex, feeling unsafe in one's home was associated with poor sleep quality in women but not in men. Conclusions Our findings suggest that safety in the home has an important effect on both sleep quality and duration, particularly among women. In contrast, after accounting for safety in the home, neighborhood safety does not impact sleep. Further research is warranted to identify mechanisms underlying the sex differences in susceptibility to poor sleep quality and shorter sleep duration, as well as to assess whether interventions addressing safety in the home can be used to improve sleep and overall health.
Dental Impactions Related to Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum Velázquez-Cayón, Rocio T., DDS; Torres-Lagares, Daniel, PhD, DDS; Yáñez-Vico, Rosa-María, DDS, MSc ...
Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery,
03/2012, Letnik:
70, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum is a rare genetic disorder causing degeneration and calcification of elastic fibers, leading to injuries in the skin, retina, and cardiovascular system. This report describes ...a case of a 30-year-old woman whose diagnosis of pseudoxanthoma elasticum was confirmed after a skin biopsy. The patient presented at the Clinical Management Unit of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Virgen del Rocio Hospital (Seville, Spain) with pain related to a semi-erupted lower first molar. Radiologic examination disclosed multiple dental impactions. Cases of oligodontia, amelogenesis imperfecta, and mucosal lesions related to pseudoxanthoma elasticum were found in the current literature, but there were no reports of multiple dental impactions.
Objectives To measure the CSA of the HST musculature measured with ultrasonography in soccer players undergoing ACLR and compare limb differences with healthy controls. Methods A case-control study ...was performed with patients after anterior cruciate ligament repair (ACLR) and healthy controls in which cross-sectional areas (CSA) obtained using a model TE7 ultrasound machine (MINDRAY ®, USA) in B mode (4.2 to 13 MHz) with a multifrequency linear array transducer (L12-4S). Three CSA images were taken of the semitendinosus muscle (ST) and the long head of the biceps femoris (BFlh), at a distance of 30% and 70% of the ischial tuberosity insertion. Mean differences between groups were analyzed using SPSS v.20 (IBM®, USA), and statistical analyses were performed using non-parametric techniques to determine differences between groups (Student's t-test) and Cohen's correlation coefficient to quantify effect size. Results 14 ACLR operated 17 ± 5.4 months ago and 12 healthy controls (W = 6; M = 20M; 24.5 ± 3.92 years; BMI = 25.1 ± 2.32 kg/m2) were recruited. There were differences between groups in CSA-ST70 (Post-ACLR = 1.43 ± 1.029 cm2 vs Control 2.65 ± 0.664 cm2, T Student = -3.68, 95% CI -Inf, -0.648, P < 0. 001, ES = -1.418), but not in CSA-ST30 (Post-ACLR = 8.42 ± 1.596 cm2 vs Control 9.16 ± 0.945 cm2, T Student = -1.535; 95% CI -Inf, -0.0793, P = 0. 068, ES = -0.5607), CSA-BFlh30 (Post-ACLR = 8.79 ± 1.47 cm2 vs Control 8.87 ± 2.312 cm2, T Student = -0.123; 95% CI -Inf, 1.1049, P = 0.452, ES = -0. 049) or CSA-BFlh70 (Post-ACLR = 6.91 ± 1.011 cm2 vs Control 7.01 ± 1.453 cm2, T Student = -0.214; 95% CI -Inf, 0.6795, P = 0.416, ES = -0.0783). Conclusion Ultrasound measurement of the CSA can be an image marker to identify muscle weakness or atrophy that predicts functional loss early.
Urban design features are often studied in relation to health and behavioural outcomes. They can also have major implications for environmental outcomes. However, the impact of these features on both ...health and environmental outcomes (co-benefits) is rarely examined. We investigated how urban landscape and street design profiles are related to jointly occurring health and environmental outcomes in Latin America cities.
We used data from the Salud Urbana en América Latina (SALURBAL) project, which has compiled and harmonised data on built environment, environmental exposures, and health outcomes for 370 cities in 11 countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Peru. Eight city profiles were identified using finite mixture models. Four urban-landscape profiles were defined measuring patch (contiguous area of urban development) fragmentation, shape, and isolation, and four street-design profiles were defined using street connectivity, length, and directness. Multilevel regression models were used to assess associations between the city profiles and several health and environmental outcomes.
Our preliminary results show that compared with the urban-landscape profile labelled scattered pixels (comprising low fragmentation, compact shape, and high isolation), the proximate-stones profile (moderate fragmentation, irregular shape, and moderate isolation) had significantly higher levels of PM2·5 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and the proximate-inkblots profile (moderate-to-high fragmentation, complex shape, and moderate isolation) had significantly higher levels of violence-related deaths. Compared with the labyrinthine street design profile (low connectivity, moderate length, and moderate directness), the semi-hyperbolic grid (moderate connectivity, moderate length, and moderate directness) and spiderweb (high connectivity, low length, and moderate directness) profiles had significantly higher levels of PM2·5 and NO2, whereas the hyperbolic grid profile (moderate connectivity, high length, and low directness) had significantly higher levels of NO2 and lower levels of obesity.
Identifying how city profiles are related to environment and health outcomes can shed light on the urban policies that could have the greatest environment and health co-benefits.
The SALURBAL/Urban Health in Latin America project is funded by the Wellcome Trust (205177/Z/16/Z).
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