O nível de aceitação e integração de práticas de simulação tem crescido transversalmente em diferentes contextos educativos, entre os quais, o da Terapia da Fala. A simulação permite aprender e/ou ...aplicar diretamente os conhecimentos adquiridos num ambiente seguro, mas não é claro se estas competências são transferidas para os atos clínicos. O objetivo é analisar a relação entre as práticas de simulação em contexto académico e as competências clínicas de estudantes de Terapia da Fala. A presente revisão sistemática da literatura seguiu as orientações PRISMA. Os estudos primários foram extraídos por dois autores, das bases de dados PubMed-central, SciELO e via EBSCOhost sem restrições temporais ou de língua. Os artigos foram introduzidos, de forma independente, no programa Rayyan para a gestão do processo de triagem, seleção e duplicação de resultados. A avaliação de qualidade metodológica foi feita através da grelha Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies do Effective Public Health Practice Project. Da pesquisa, resultaram 590 artigos para triagem, e seis foram considerados elegíveis. Existem efeitos positivos reportados das práticas de simulação em contexto académico, em especial, simulações de alta-fidelidade (e.g., manequins; estudos de caso em realidade virtual) ao nível das competências clínicas interpessoais, de avaliação, de intervenção e de follow-up, bem como a autoperceção, a ansiedade e o stress dos estudantes. O nível de evidência variou de baixo a moderado. Os benefícios reportados na literatura suportam a integração de práticas educativas de simulação nos contextos de licenciatura e de mestrado em Terapia da Fala como complemento das práticas de aprendizagem mais tradicionais.
Dysphagia is described as a highly relevant comorbidity of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is a scarcity of studies aiming at the characteristics and progression of dysphagia.
The objective ...of this study was to identify the specific characteristics, progression, and prevalence of dysphagia in AD.
Publications were searched in the PubMed (MEDLINE), EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and BASE databases. Critical appraisal and evidence-level analysis were conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute and Effective Public Health Practice Project's (EPHPP) tools.
A total of 26 studies were reviewed. Symptoms begin in the early stage of AD, as oral phase impairments, and progress to pharyngeal symptoms and swallowing apraxia in the later stages of AD. Dysphagia progresses, as AD, along a
, with severity depending on individual variability. There were no studies found on prevalence.
Dysphagia is a complex and important comorbidity in AD that impacts the quality of life. No recent publications on prevalence may imply that is not being coded as a potential cause for pneumonia deaths in AD.
Communication disorders are a challenge that many patients in palliative care (PC) may encounter. This intervention area is emerging for the speech-language therapist (SLT), the professional who ...works in preventing, assessing, diagnosing, and treating human communication disorders. This study aims to identify and classify the communication strategies considered most important by SLTs for use in PC and evaluate whether there are any differences in perception regarding the importance of strategies between SLTs with and without PC experience.
This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted using a survey, which employed a well-structured, self-completion questionnaire previously validated by a panel of experts with over six years of PC experience.
The strategies rated as most important within each group were the following: (i) adjust the patient's position and minimise environmental noise; (ii) establish eye contact and adjust the pace of speech; (iii) adjust the language level and raise one topic at a time; (iv) use images of the patient's interests and their personal objects; (v) use orality and multimodal form; (vi) use simplified language and structured pauses; and (vii) use tables with images and books with pictures.
Verbal and non-verbal strategies were rated as highly important. There was no evidence of differences in perception in terms of importance between the SLTs with or without experience in PC, but more studies are needed to support this aspect. The patient's communication ability is one of the cornerstones of PC quality. Through their actions, speech-language professionals could empower the patient with strategies so that they can autonomously and self-determinedly express their experiences and most significant needs.
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is considered the second most common musculoskeletal pathology. The purpose of this review is to systematically assess the role of the speech and language therapy ...(SLT) in adults with TMD. A search was conducted in PubMed-Central, ScienceDirect, Scielo and Academic Search Complete (via EBSCOHost) databases. The research was independently carried out by two researchers, considering primary studies without any time limit. The articles were assessed independently for screening, selection, and duplication of results. Evidence analysis was performed using the “Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies” scale. A total of 99 articles were extracted for full reading, but only 10 were integrated into the final sample. Most included articles (n=8) were classified with a “weak” level of evidence. Agreement between observers on which studies to include was very high. The results of the studies associate the primary intervention of SLT with myofunctional therapy. The most described intervention strategies are thermotherapy, relaxation, massage therapy, myotherapy, and functional training of oral functions, although their methodology and application details are not fully specified in the literature. The use of laser and electrostimulation in SLT is starting to be explored as a prior approach to intervention, but its effectiveness is not yet firmly established. The team intervention is described as fundamental for a successful TMD intervention. The role of SLT in TMD is beginning to be described and valued, however, the criteria for choosing best practices and their effects are not yet fully described and verified in the literature.
Feeding problems are often associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders. However, many terms are used to describe these problems with a lack of consensus between authors. This systematic review ...critically examines the available scientific literature on the most commonly described characteristics of feeding disorders among children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. The literature was evaluated according to PRISMA standards by searching electronic databases (e.g., MEDLINE, EBSCO) with reference lists from January 2009 to January 2019. English language studies were included. Abstract and full-text article reviews were conducted by two independent authors with sequential data extraction. The systematic search and the subsequent analysis of the results revealed 45 articles eligible for full review. Detailed information regarding the methods and results was extracted from the original articles, and the quality of the included studies was appraised. The most commonly described feeding problem was food selectivity followed by mealtime behaviour problems. We also found some frequently associated issues like sensory sensitivity as well as anthropometric deviations and nutritional deficits that can negatively impact health. Oral motor impairment was a less commonly studied phenomenon. Most of the reviewed studies were considered to have a 'moderate' level of evidence. Although current evidence suggests that feeding problems are often associated with autism, more research is needed to understand the reliability and validity between and within existing feeding definitions and measures, as well as into the prevalence of oral sensory-motor related deficits.
ABSTRACT Dysphagia is described as a highly relevant comorbidity of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, there is a scarcity of studies aiming at the characteristics and progression of dysphagia. ...Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the specific characteristics, progression, and prevalence of dysphagia in AD. Methods: Publications were searched in the PubMed (MEDLINE), EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and BASE databases. Critical appraisal and evidence-level analysis were conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute and Effective Public Health Practice Project’s (EPHPP) tools. Results: A total of 26 studies were reviewed. Symptoms begin in the early stage of AD, as oral phase impairments, and progress to pharyngeal symptoms and swallowing apraxia in the later stages of AD. Dysphagia progresses, as AD, along a continuum, with severity depending on individual variability. There were no studies found on prevalence. Conclusions: Dysphagia is a complex and important comorbidity in AD that impacts the quality of life. No recent publications on prevalence may imply that is not being coded as a potential cause for pneumonia deaths in AD.
Action verbal fluency in Parkinson's patients Rodrigues, Inês Tello; Ferreira, Joaquim J; Coelho, Miguel ...
Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria,
06/2015, Letnik:
73, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We compared the performance of 31 non-demented Parkinson's disease (PD) patients to 61 healthy controls in an action verbal fluency task. Semantic and phonemic fluencies, cognitive impairment and ...behavioural dysfunction were also assessed. The mean disease duration of PD was 9.8 years (standard deviation (SD) = 6.13). There were no age (U = 899.5, p = 0.616), gender(chi-square = 0.00, p = 1.00) or literacy (U = 956, p = 0.96) differences between the two groups. A significant difference was observed between the two groups in the action verbal fluency task (U = 406.5, p < 0.01) that was not found in the other fluency tasks. The education level was the only biographical variable that influenced the action (verb) fluency outcomes, irrespective of disease duration. Our findings suggest a correlation between the disease mechanisms in PD and a specific verb deficit, support the validity of the action (verb) fluency as an executive function measure and suggest that this task provides unique information not captured with traditional executive function tasks.
Introdução: As alterações de deglutição são comuns após tratamento para cancro de cabeça e pescoço. Os exercícios para a recuperação das funções da deglutição são importantes, mas a sua utilização de ...forma profilática ainda é pouco estudada. Objetivo: Analisar a utilização de exercícios profiláticos para a deglutição em pessoas com cancro de cabeça e pescoço submetidas a tratamento (neo)adjuvante com radioterapia e/ou quimioterapia. Métodos: Revisão sistemática da literatura cuja seleção dos estudos decorreu em outubro de 2022 envolvendo pesquisas nas bases de dados PubMed central, LILACS, Scielo, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Collection Plus, Nursing & Allied Health Collection e Medic Latina. A análise do nível de evidência foi realizada através da escala “Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies”. Resultados: Identificaram-se 1.401 estudos e selecionados apenas oito para análise e extração de dados. Conclusão: A utilização de exercícios profiláticos parece ter algum benefício nas funções da deglutição, mas os resultados não são consistentes. Sugerem-se novas investigações para estudar os seus potenciais benefícios de forma mais específica (i.e. tipo exercício versus tratamento). Palavras-chave: Deglutição, Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço, Fonoaudiologia, Equipe de assistência ao paciente, Revisão sistemática.
PDF
