Towards a common definition of global health Koplan, Jeffrey P, Prof; Bond, T Christopher, PhD; Merson, Michael H, Prof ...
The Lancet (British edition),
06/2009, Letnik:
373, Številka:
9679
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A steady evolution of philosophy, attitude, and practice has led to the increased use of the term global health. ... on the basis of this analysis, we offer the following definition: global health is ...an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.
Shrinking the malaria map: progress and prospects Feachem, Richard GA, Prof; Phillips, Allison A, BA; Hwang, Jimee, MD ...
The Lancet (British edition),
11/2010, Letnik:
376, Številka:
9752
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Summary In the past 150 years, roughly half of the countries in the world eliminated malaria. Nowadays, there are 99 endemic countries—67 are controlling malaria and 32 are pursuing an elimination ...strategy. This four-part Series presents evidence about the technical, operational, and financial dimensions of malaria elimination. The first paper in this Series reviews definitions of elimination and the state that precedes it: controlled low-endemic malaria. Feasibility assessments are described as a crucial step for a country transitioning from controlled low-endemic malaria to elimination. Characteristics of the 32 malaria-eliminating countries are presented, and contrasted with countries that pursued elimination in the past. Challenges and risks of elimination are presented, including Plasmodium vivax , resistance in the parasite and mosquito populations, and potential resurgence if investment and vigilance decrease. The benefits of elimination are outlined, specifically elimination as a regional and global public good. Priorities for the next decade are described.
Summary Present elimination strategies are based on recommendations derived during the Global Malaria Eradication Program of the 1960s. However, many countries considering elimination nowadays have ...high intrinsic transmission potential and, without the support of a regional campaign, have to deal with the constant threat of imported cases of the disease, emphasising the need to revisit the strategies on which contemporary elimination programmes are based. To eliminate malaria, programmes need to concentrate on identification and elimination of foci of infections through both passive and active methods of case detection. This approach needs appropriate treatment of both clinical cases and asymptomatic infections, combined with targeted vector control. Draining of infectious pools entirely will not be sufficient since they could be replenished by imported malaria. Elimination will thus additionally need identification and treatment of incoming infections before they lead to transmission, or, more realistically, embarking on regional initiatives to dry up importation at its source.
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