Flooding is one of the major constraints for rice production in rainfed lowlands, especially in years and areas of high rainfall. Incorporating the Sub1 (Submergence1) gene into high yielding popular ...varieties has proven to be the most feasible approach to sustain rice production in submergence-prone areas. Introgression of this QTL into popular varieties has resulted in considerable improvement in yield after flooding. However, its impact under non-flooded conditions or years have not been thoroughly evaluated which is important for the farmers to accept and adopt any new version of their popular varieties. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Sub1 on grain yield of rice in different genetic backgrounds, under non-submergence conditions, over years and locations. The study was carried out using head to head trials in farmer's fields, which enable the farmers to more accurately compare the performance of Sub1 varieties with their recurrent parents under own management. The data generated from different head to head trials revealed that the grain yield of Sub1 varieties was either statistically similar or higher than their non-Sub1 counterparts under non-submergence conditions. Thus, Sub1 rice varieties show no instance of yield penalty of the introgressed gene.
Remote sensing techniques have been used to segregate different forest types and three density classes in the Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri and Cooch Behar districts of North Bengal, West Bengal, India ...using IRS-1A LISS II data relating to November 1991. The results demonstrated the capability of satellite remote sensing to delineate pure sal, bamboo/mixed, riverain, coniferous and alpine forest types along with plantations through normal/stratified classification approaches. The stratified approach is proved to be superior to other traditional classification techniques. The forest cover of North Bengal was 26·2 per cent and the accuracy estimation by different methods demonstrated an overall accuracy of more than 85 per cent in segregating forest classes and 80 per cent in case of landuse/landcover classes.
The New South Stand at Upton Park, London Bardhan-Roy, B. K.
Structural engineering international : journal of the International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE),
19/2/1/, Letnik:
4, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Simple conversion of standing areas to seating areas is unlikely to be cost-effective. Apart from the inevitable reduction in spectator capacity, with consequent loss in the gate receipts, such a ...conversion could make future upgrading of the stands more costly and difficult. Most clubs, therefore, have decided to build new stands. The Westham Football Club made such a choice in redevelopment at its stadium at Upton Park, London. The design uses well proven materials to ensure structural safety and serviceability together with economy of construction and maintenance. The basic materials chosen for construction are steel for structural frames and roofs and concrete for floors and seating elements.
Upgrading the South Terrace, Arsenal Football Grounds, London Bardhan-Roy, B. K.
Structural engineering international : journal of the International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE),
19/2/1/, Letnik:
4, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The first phase of the development work at Arsenal Football Club, London, as part of the general upgrading of the facilities at its ground, was to build a complex of three utility blocks over the ...existing terrace on the south side of the field. The work on site commenced in August 1988. Initially, no work envisaged on the terrace itself except the installation of column supports for the new structures. However, before the construction had been completed, Lord Justice Taylor's report following the 1989 disaster at Hillsborough Stadium came out with its recommendation to change all terraces in existing stands to seated areas within a specific time. The club, therefore, had to abandon the original idea of retaining the terrace for use and plan instead for the necessary conversion work.
The impact of long term organic amendments on the functional microbial activities, soil carbon (C) storage in relation to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from rice field was investigated in a tropical ...Aeric Endoaquept. The treatments included unamended control, farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM) (
Sesbania aculeata
), FYM + GM and rice straw (RS) + GM combination. Our results suggest that the FYM + GM treatment has increased the global warming potential (GWP) by 110 % as well decreased the C efficiency ratio by 24 % in comparison to control. On the other hand, under RS + GM treatment the soil organic C and total C contents were significantly higher to the tune of 34 and 53 %, respectively. Our studies clearly reveal that the application of RS + GM at 1:1 Nitrogen (N) basis could probably be the best soil amendment to sequester the soil organic C. Such amendments may not only have practical application value but also lead to higher yield capacity and minimize emission of GHG under flooded tropical rice soil systems.
Boro (dry season) rice has made a significant contribution to the growth in rice production of West Bengal. Its main contribution has come from growth in area, whereas the growth rate of productivity ...has remained only 2.9%. However, the growing environment of boro rice provides an opportunity to reach a yield of 13 t ha-1 with a suitable plant type. Several indica/japonica (I/J) lines were screened and evaluated for high grain yield in the boro season. The highest grain yield of 9.2 t ha-1 was obtained from selected I/J line IR58565-2B-12-2-2, which was equal to that of indica hybrid CNHR3 and significantly higher than that of modern variety IR36. Panicle length and spikelet number were higher in selected I/J lines. On-farm tests revealed a 21% higher grain yield with superior grain type. Selected I/J lines are suitable for increasing the productivity of boro rice in West Bengal.
In modern society, massive industrialization escalates environmental degradation by liberating various contaminants into the environment. Hexavalent chromium is a heavy metal that is being discharged ...from tannery and other industries, resulting in various carcinogenic diseases. This study reports a carbon dot (cdot)-based fluorometric probe for detecting hexavalent chromium in water. This is the very first time that cdots are tailored over the boehmite nanoparticle’s surface using an in situ approach. Validation of formation of the nanocomposite has been discussed in detail employing the Rietveld refinement-based X-ray crystallography method. Vibrational spectroscopy and electron microscopy of the sample authenticate the nucleation process and the growth mechanism. The Stern–Volmer approach and time-resolved fluorescence measurements justify the sensitivity of the sensor (∼58 nM), and selectivity is analyzed by exposing the material to different ionic environments. Density functional theory (DFT) is applied herein to analyze the origin of fluorescence and the sensing mechanism of the probe, which shows that photoinduced electron transfer is responsible for the turn-off-based sensing of Cr(VI). The molecular docking simulation is carried out to ensure the binding of cdots to the binding pocket of the glutathione enzyme, which is responsible for treating reactive oxygen species-mediated DNA damage due to elements such as hexavalent chromium. Time-dependent density functional calculations show that the fluorometric probe is capable of detecting Cr(VI) in living cells making it an early stage chromium-mediated carcinogen detector.
The present study describes the variation of grain size of natural hematite (α-Fe
2
O
3
) from bulk to nano-scale, owing to fractionation by ball milling and also the change in vital electrical ...properties of the products with respect to their bulk counterpart. Hematite, an important iron ore, is present in abundance in the deposits of most parts of the world. This fact was the rationale behind the selection of this mineral for the study. A gradual decrease in size via top-down synthesis technique was confirmed and the morphological parameters of the materials were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and corresponding pore diameter and surface area were determined by BET-BJH analysis. The studies were performed on three size fractions, namely, S1 (bulk mineral), S2 (bulk mineral, ball milled for 3 h) and S3 (bulk mineral, ball milled for 12 h). The purities of the natural mineral and its fractionated end products were estimated by using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. Increase in purity with decline in the particle size, especially in the nano-domain, was observed. The changes in dielectric properties of the materials with varying temperature were studied. Temperature dependence of the dielectric constant and ac conductivity were recorded, which indicated a remarkable augmentation in dielectric permittivity with reduction in size of the material. High dielectric constants of the smaller sized materials (S2 and S3) at low frequency signified their potential use in energy storage devices. Thus, using an easily available natural mineral as the starting material, an efficient energy storage appliance can be devised with a low-cost substance, synthesized by the simple approach of fractionation without employing any chemicals.
Graphic Abstract
PDF
