A stem cell population isolated from murine skeletal muscle has recently been shown to differentiate into hematopoietic cells after transplantation in vivo. In the present study, we tested the ...hypothesis that this cell population would also, under appropriate culture conditions, differentiate into skeletal muscle cells in vitro. Lower-extremity skeletal muscle tissue isolated from 3- to 4-wk-old mice was dissected free from bone and vessels, enzymatically digested, and flow cytometrically sorted to yield CD45-Sca-1+c-Kit- (S+) cells. These cells were further sorted into CD34+ and CD34- fractions and examined for skeletal, cardiac, and hematopoietic lineage-specific messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts immediately after isolation and after a 10- to 14-d culture period. Freshly isolated S+CD34+ cells lacked expression of skeletal-, cardiac-, or hematopoietic-specific mRNA transcripts, whereas S+CD34- cells expressed c-met, a marker for skeletal muscle satellite cells. During 10-14 d in culture, both S+CD34+ and S+CD34- cell populations underwent a period of attachment followed by elongation and, ultimately, fusion to create large multinucleated contractile myotubes expressing skeletal muscle lineage mRNA transcripts but not hematopoietic or cardiac lineage transcripts. We conclude that murine skeletal muscle possesses two populations of progenitor cells that can be directly isolated. One population expressing the phenotype S+CD34- may contain satellite cells, whereas the S+CD34+ population is devoid of satellite cell markers. Both populations possess the ability to differentiate into skeletal muscle cells in vitro.
The experiment was designed to illustrate the importance of placing greater emphasis on group processes in the study of language and ethnic relations. The “group polarization” phenomenon was applied ...to accommodation theory which proposes that individuals adjust their speech in order to be more similar to, or different from, another, depending upon whether the motivation is for social approval or disapproval. It was hypothesised that group discussion would enhance the speech adjustments usually made in a dyadic context. The hypotheses received confirmation, and there was evidence that the assertion of ethnic identity was an important motivation for choosing a linguistic strategy.
Coulomb Blockade in Thin SOI Nanodevices Fraboulet, D.; Jehl, X.; Mariolle, D. ...
32nd European Solid-State Device Research Conference,
2002
Conference Proceeding
Deep Learning (DL) methods are powerful analytical tools for microscopy and can outperform conventional image processing pipelines. Despite the enthusiasm and innovations fuelled by DL technology, ...the need to access powerful and compatible resources to train DL networks leads to an accessibility barrier that novice users often find difficult to overcome. Here, we present ZeroCostDL4Mic, an entry-level platform simplifying DL access by leveraging the free, cloud-based computational resources of Google Colab. ZeroCostDL4Mic allows researchers with no coding expertise to train and apply key DL networks to perform tasks including segmentation (using U-Net and StarDist), object detection (using YOLOv2), denoising (using CARE and Noise2Void), super-resolution microscopy (using Deep-STORM), and image-to-image translation (using Label-free prediction - fnet, pix2pix and CycleGAN). Importantly, we provide suitable quantitative tools for each network to evaluate model performance, allowing model optimisation. We demonstrate the application of the platform to study multiple biological processes.
Written by the best researchers in the field, this timely book explores the use of high pressure in connection with spectroscopy as a research tool in biophysics and biochemistry. It covers subjects ...such as pressure tunning spectroscopy for investigating molecular interactions; high-pressure FT-IR studies of the secondary structure of proteins; structural, functional, and kinetic aspects of nucleic acid-protein complexes with pressure; sequence, salt, charge, and the stability of
DNA at high pressure; steady-state enzyme kinetics at high pressure; membrane-free volume with bulky lipid concentration by regular distribution; and pressure and temperature induced inactivation of microorganisms.
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