Background
Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality, with a worldwide incidence of around 0.1% in live births. It is related to several conditions in which the physical therapy could ...take action‐preventing co‐morbidities. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy in Down syndrome, to know and compare the effectiveness of different physical therapy interventions in this population.
Methods
A systematic review and a meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials were conducted. The search was performed during June 2018 in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Physiotherapy Evidence Database and Scopus. The studies were selected using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale evaluated the quality of the methods used in the studies. Subsequently, the data were extracted, and statistical analysis was performed when possible.
Results
A total of 27 articles were included, of which nine contributed information to the meta‐analysis. Statistical analysis showed favourable results for the strength of upper and lower limbs standardised mean difference (SMD) = 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.77–2.15); and SMD = 2.04; 95% CI: (1.07–3.01) and mediolateral oscillations of balance SMD = −3.30; 95% CI: (−5.34 to −1.26).
Conclusions
The results show the potential benefit of certain types of physical therapy interventions, specifically in strength and balance, in people with Down syndrome. There are still many aspects to clarify and new lines of research.
Objectives
To examine cytoplasmic cyclin D1 expression levels in oral carcinogenesis and evaluate their possible oncogenic significance and their clinicopathological and prognostic implications.
...Materials and Methods
Immunohistochemical analysis of 69 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) was performed, revealing 23 with cytoplasmic cyclin D1 expression. We analyzed the association of the percentage of cyclin D1‐positive cells and the intensity of expression with TNM classification, tumor stage, differentiation degree, cell morphology, and Ki‐67 expression.
Results
Cytoplasmic cyclin D1 expression was associated with advanced tumor stage, poor differentiation, elevated Ki‐67 expression, and the presence of invasive cell morphology, indicators of a poor prognosis. An association was observed between nuclear and cytoplasmic expressions of cyclin D1.
Conclusions
Cytoplasmic expression of cyclin D1 appears to possess functions related to increased cell migration and invasion in OSCC.
Recent models support the view that the Pyrenees were formed after the inversion of a previously highly extended continental crust that included exhumed upper mantle rocks. Mantle rocks remain near ...to the surface after compression and mountain building, covered by the latest Cretaceous to Paleogene sequences. 3‐D lithospheric‐scale gravity inversion demands the presence of a high‐density mantle body placed within the crust in order to justify the observed anomalies. Exhumed mantle, having ~50 km of maximum width, continuously extends beneath the Basque‐Cantabrian Basin and along the northern side of the Pyrenees. The association of this body with rift, postrift, and inversion structural geometries is tested in a balanced cross section across the Basque‐Cantabrian Basin that incorporates a major south‐dipping ramp‐flat‐ramp extensional detachment active between Valanginian and early Cenomanian times. Results indicate that horizontal extension progressed ~48 km at variable strain rates that increased from 1 to ~4 mm/yr in middle Albian times. Low‐strength Triassic Keuper evaporites and mudstones above the basement favor the decoupling of the cover with formation of minibasins, expulsion rollovers, and diapirs. The inversion of the extensional system is accommodated by doubly verging basement thrusts due to the reactivation of the former basin bounding faults in Eocene‐Oligocene times. Total shortening is estimated in ~34 km and produced the partial subduction of the continental lithosphere beneath the two sides of the exhumed mantle. Obtained results help to pinpoint the original architecture of the North Iberian Margin and the evolution of the hyperextended aborted intracontinental basins.
Key Points
3‐D lithospheric‐scale gravity inversion demands the presence of a high‐density mantle body placed within the crust
Exhumed mantle extends beneath the Basque‐Cantabrian Basin and along the northern side of the Pyrenees
A major south‐dipping ramp‐flat‐ramp extensional detachment active between Valanginian and early Cenomanian times controlled rifting and mantle exhumation
Volatile compounds are responsible for the aroma of virgin olive oil and also for its quality. The high number and different nature of volatile compounds drive to the need of a reliable analytical ...method that allows their proper quantification to explain the standard method of panel test. Although there are some analytical solutions available, they have not been validated and the regulatory bodies are reluctant to adopt them since they can be subjected to unknown errors. In this regards, the European Union has encouraged the validation of these analytical tools through the research program Horizon2020, which involves gaining knowledge from the analytical properties of the chemical methods for sensory assessment. This work is focused on the analytical validation of the methodology used to determine the actual concentration of volatiles in virgin olive oils when applying SPME–GCMS. The validation process includes the calibration curves for 29 volatile compounds responsible for the most common sensory perceptions in virgin olive oils, the determination of their working ranges with linear response, the detection and quantification limits, the sensitivity, the accuracy estimated as trueness and precision and the selectivity. Sixty-seven percent of the compounds presented a relative standard deviation in repeatability lower than 10%, and this percentage rises to 95% in lampante virgin olive oils. The accuracy was established in 97% of the studied volatile compounds. Finally, an empirical example of the ability of the method to discriminate virgin olive oils of different categories (extra virgin, virgin, ordinary and lampante) by the quantification of their volatiles is provided.
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•A SPME–GCMS method was validated for volatile analysis in virgin olive oil.•Linearity, precision, accuracy, sensitivity and other parameters were studied.•The quality parameters were studied for each one of 29 compounds.•The performance of the method assessing sensory quality was checked with samples.
Toniná was a Mayan city, located between two cultural areas near the Chiapas Highlands. It has been widely proposed that the Maya collapse implied the disappearance and depopulation of many cities; ...this research addresses the survival of Toniná towards the threshold of the Postclassic. For this purpose, 15,956 human bones found in Structure 15 of the fifth platform in the Acropolis of Toniná were analysed. The analysis of anthropological osteology allowed us to know the biological profile and to document the cultural taphonomy, through which the practice of human sacrifice and the posthumous treatment of the victims was evidenced. The application of stable isotope and strontium analyses also allowed us to determine the dietary profile of those sacrificed, their geographical origin and mobility throughout their lives. A change in ritual practices in the Mayan area was glimpsed, as ideological influences were found, possibly from the Gulf Coast in the cult of other deities, as in the case of Xipe Totéc; the Gulf Coast had great influence in the Mayan area since ancient times and this has been confirmed at this site through ceramics.
Objectives
To examine the prospective temporal stability of acute and transient psychotic disorders (ATPDs) and analyze whether there are clinical, psychopathological, or sociodemographic ...characteristics that predict ATPD diagnostic stability.
Method
We conducted a prospective, 2‐year, observational study of patients presenting a first‐episode ATPD. A multivariate logistic regression model was developed to identify independent variables associated with ATPD diagnostic stability. Well‐established predictive factors of diagnostic stability, as well as all the psychopathological features included in the ICD‐10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research (DCR) descriptions of ATPD, were analyzed.
Results
Sixty‐eight patients with a first episode of ATPD completed the study with a diagnostic stability rate as high as 55.9% (n = 38) at the end of the follow‐up period. Multivariate analysis revealed that diagnostic stability was independently significantly associated with the baseline presence of motility disturbances (OR = 6.86, 95% CI = 1.10–42.62; P = 0.039), the absence of hallucinations (OR = 5.75, 95% CI = 1.51–21.98; P = 0.010), and the absence of schizophrenic features (OR = 7.13, 95% CI = 1.38–36.90; P = 0.019).
Conclusion
A symptom checklist assessing these psychopathological features would enable early identification of those subjects whose initial ATPD diagnosis will remain stable over time.
Published data on vitamin D and the quality of life of asthma patients are scarce and disparate. The ACVID clinical trial, published in 2020, showed the efficacy of calcifediol in improving asthma ...control in asthma patients with vitamin D deficiency. Data on vitamin D and quality of life measured by the Mini-AQLQ questionnaire were analysed: supplemented patients showed improved quality of life compared with a placebo group, and the initial mini-AQLQ scores were improved for both groups.
•Calcifediol supplementation improved quality of life in asthmatics patients.•A positive correlation was observed between vitamin D levels and quality of life.•Calcifediol improves symptoms, activity limitation and emotional sphere in asthma.
Virgin olive oil is inevitably subject to an oxidation process during storage that can affect its stability and quality due to off-flavors that develop before the oil surpasses its 'best before' ...date. Many parameters are involved in the oxidation process at moderate conditions. Therefore, a multiparametric study is necessary to establish a link between physico-chemical changes and sensory quality degradation in a real storage experiment. In this context, a storage experiment of 27 months was performed for four monovarietal virgin olive oils, bottled in transparent 500-mL PET bottles and subjected to conditions close to a supermarket scenario. Volatile composition, quality parameters and phenolic compounds were determined monthly. Simultaneously, an accredited sensory panel assessed their sensory characteristics. The stability of the fresh samples was also studied with the oxidative stability index (OSI) and mesh cell-FTIR. (
)-2-hexenal, (
)-3-hexen-1-ol and (
)-2-hexen-1-ol were identified as markers of the fruity attribute. Hexanal and nonanal were also identified as compounds that were associated with the rise of median of defect during storage. Some disagreements were observed between the sensory assessment and the OSI analyzed by Rancimat. However, the increase of concentration of rancid markers agreed with the increase of aldehyde band measured with mesh cell-FTIR.
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