Detailed electron-impact excitation cross-section results for xenon in the wide range of incident energy from threshold to 1000 eV are calculated using relativistic distorted wave theory. Various ...transitions from the ground 5p6 state to the excited 5p56s, 5p56p, 5p55d, 5p57s and 5p57p as well as among these excited states are considered. The relativistic Dirac-Fock multi-configuration wave functions for the ground and excited states of Xe are obtained and used in the calculations. Where available, our cross-section results are compared with previously reported measurements and calculations. We have also fitted the calculated cross-sections through analytical formulae for plasma modeling purposes. As an application, using the obtained cross-sections, a collisional-radiative (C-R) model coupled with an optical emission measurement from the inductively coupled Xe plasma is developed and the extracted plasma parameters are reported.
In this article, we prove that a cone is a Heisenberg uniqueness pair corresponding to sphere as long as the cone does not completely recline on the level surface of any homogeneous harmonic ...polynomial on Rn. We derive that S2,paraboloid and S2,geodesic ofSr(o) are Heisenberg uniqueness pairs for a class of certain symmetric finite Borel measures in R3. Further, we correlate the problem of Heisenberg uniqueness pairs to the sets of injectivity for the spherical mean operator.
A study is done to compare the effect of film or sport celebrity or mascot usage in advertising on educated, well -informed consumers through the application of Meaning Transfer theory and the ...elaboration likelihood model (ELM) of persuasion theories. Film or sport or Mascot advertising of global brands of the FMCG category has no role in improving purchase intentions and expertise, gender and controversy of the celebrity does not influence "educated working consumers "with graduate and post graduate degree in the present study. The study helps to resolve the dilemma for global brands on usage of Celebrity and Mascot in advertising for a global brand in emerging markets like India which is a destination for many global brands. Moreover, if the content is good and celebrity with "expertise image" is used to promote the global brands in FMCG category, brand parameters are positively influenced for educated working consumers who are under 35 years.
Manganese ferrite (MFO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via the sol–gel auto-combustion method and annealed at 400, 500, and 600 °C. The as-prepared and annealed MFO NPs were characterized by ...X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). XRD patterns showed that as-prepared and annealed NPs at 400 °C exhibited pure cubic spinel phase of MFO NPs which get decomposed into
α
-Fe
2
O
3
and
a
-Mn
2
O
3
for NPs sintered at 500 and 600 °C The crystallite size was found to be increased with an increase in annealing temperature. The structural phase transformation was confirmed by FTIR and Raman studies. The optical band gap (
E
g
) was decreased (1.70 to 1.43 eV) with increase in annealing temperature which lies in visible range of electromagnetic spectrum. So, these NPs could be used as photocatalyst for the degradation of dye under sun light irradiation. The magnetic hysteresis loop for as-prepared and annealed NPs at 400 °C suggested the formation of soft magnetic material. The saturation magnetization was dropped (61.4–2.2 emu/g) drastically for MFO NPs with increase in sintering temperature. The real and imaginary dielectric constant (
εʹ
and
εʹʹ
) and dielectric losses (tan
δ
) were observed to decrease with increasing the annealing temperature and frequency. Furthermore, the AC (alternating current) conductivity was found to be increased with increasing applied frequency. On the other hand, tangent loss falls considerably with rise in applied frequency. Variations that occurred in magnetic, dielectric, and optical properties of MFO NPs are attributed to the transformation of structural phase of MFO NPs with increase in annealing temperature.
To the Editor Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI) has approved the Bharat biotech vaccine against COVID-19, which is a locally manufactured inactivated vaccine named ''COVAXIN'' in collaboration ...with the Indian council of medical research (ICMR) on 3rd January 2021 for emergency use along with the "Covishield" Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine manufactured locally by the Serum Institute of India... *The Safdarjung COVID-19 Vaccination group: KR Meena (Professor, Paediatrics), U Venkatesh (Assistant Professor, Community Medicine), Pushpa Kumari (Associate Professor, Medicine), Sonal Burman (Specialist, Medicine), Neeraj Kumar Gupta (Professor and Head, Pulmonary Medicine), Nitesh Gupta (Assistant Professor, Pulmonary Medicine), Rohit Kumar (Assistant Professor, Pulmonary Medicine), Swetabh Purohit (Senior resident, Pulmonary Medicine), Arjun Ramaswamy (Senior resident, Pulmonary Medicine).
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the time-domain reflectometry (TDR) technique for daily evapotranspiration estimation of peanut and maize crop in a sub-humid ...region. Four independent methods were used to estimate crop evapotranspiration (ET
c
), namely, soil water balance budgeting approach, energy balance approach—(Bowen ratio), empirical methods approach, and Pan evaporation method. The soil water balance budgeting approach utilized the soil moisture measurement by gravimetric and TDR method. The empirical evapotranspiration methods such as combination approach (FAO-56 Penman–Monteith and Penman), temperature-based approach (Hargreaves–Samani), and radiation-based approach (Priestley–Taylor, Turc, Abetw) were used to estimate the reference evapotranspiration (ET
0
). The daily ET
c
determined by the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith, Priestley-Taylor, Turc, Pan evaporation, and Bowen ratio were found to be at par with the ET values derived from the soil water balance budget; while the methods Abetw, Penman, and Hargreaves-Samani were not found to be ideal for the determination of ET
c
. The study illustrates the in situ applicability of the TDR method in order to make it possible for a user to choose the best way for the optimum water consumption for a given crop in a sub-humid region. The study suggests that the FAO-56 Penman–Monteith, Turc, and Priestley–Taylor can be used for the determination of crop ET
c
using TDR in comparison to soil water balance budget.
Abstract
Conducting polymers are mainly used for the electronic applications, owing to its large surface area, good environmental stability, low cost, flexibility, and simplicity in synthesis. Among ...the conducting polymers, Dimeric Pyrrole and its copolymers are the most widely investigated and promising for commercial applications. Copolymerization is the best route to modify the conductivity of copolymers than their host polymers. The present work investigates the stability analysis and the electronic properties in terms of the HOMO-LUMO gap, DOS plot, and the electron density of dimeric Pyrrole, dimeric 3-methylfuran, and their copolymer using a density functional theory (DFT). We observed that the stability increases as the total energy in the copolymer of dimeric Pyrrole and dimeric 3-methylfuran decreases than its host dimers. The negative total energy confirms the stability of the copolymer than its host polymers. The electron density predicted the electron behavior of the atoms present in the system. As a result, we conclude that computationally synthesized copolymer with improved stability and better electronic properties (HOMO-LUMO gap, DOS profile, and electron density), maybe a better choice for the polymeric sensors sensor for drug molecules and their metabolic intermediates.
Abstract
Conducting polymers are advantageous over traditional inorganic materials in terms of better environmental stability, tunable electrical characteristics, excellent optical and mechanical ...properties etc. Copolymerization is a preferred common process to modify material properties amongst the diverse accessible synthetic approaches. The present study reports copolymerization synthesis and determination of stability and electronic properties of chosen monomers and their copolymer using density functional theory (DFT)-based approach for n-vinyl carbazole (NVK) and the mono-substituted thiophene bearing a methoxy group at the third position of the thiophene ring (3-MeOTH). On comparison with the monomers, the copolymer of n-vinylcarbazole and 3-methoxythiophene (NVK-3-MeOTH) reveals enhanced stability, with reduced HOMO-LUMO gap, energy gap (Eg) in chloroform media, as well as variation in density of state (DOS) profile. Further, decrements in total energy, ionisation potential, electron affinity, and dipole moment are observed due to copolymerization.
► Kinetics of degradation of HD with calcinations temperature of CuO. ► Effect of calcinations temperature on degradation product of HD. ► Decontamination of HD on CuO nanoparticle via elimination ...and hydrolysis. ► Application of CuO nanoparticle for degradation of HD. ► Decontamination of chemical warfare agents.
Present study investigates the potential of CuO nanoparticles calcined at different temperature for the decontamination of persistent chemical warfare agent sulphur mustard (HD) at room temperature (30
±
2
°C). Nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation method and characterized by using SEM, EDAX, XRD, and Raman Spectroscopy. Synthesized nanoparticles were tested as destructive adsorbents for the degradation of HD. Reactions were monitored by GC–FID technique and the reaction products characterized by GC–MS. It was observed that the rate of degradation of HD decreases with the increase in calcination temperature and there is a change in the percentage of product of HD degradation. GC–MS data indicated that the elimination product increases with increase in calcination temperature whereas the hydrolysis product decreases.
Cyclic carbonates were synthesized by the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides (epichlorohydrin, propene oxide, and styrene oxide), and carbamates were synthesized by reaction of alkyl or aryl amines, ...CO2 , and n-butyl bromide. Solvents and cocatalysts/promoters like N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and quaternary ammonium salts, which are usually essential with conventional catalyst systems, could be avoided with the use of adenine-modified Ti-SBA-15 catalysts. The catalysts were reused in several recycle experiments. The structural and textural properties of the catalysts were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N 2 adsorption, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis DRS) techniques. Acid-base properties of the solid catalysts were investigated by temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of NH3 and CO2 and DRIFTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine and CO2 techniques. The studies reveal that the Ti4+ ions increase catalytic activity by enhancing the adsorption of the epoxide and alkyl or aryl amine substrates. CO2 molecules are activated at the basic nitrogen groups of adenine. Increasing the surface concentrations of either CO2 (by anchoring basic molecules like adenine or increasing the partial pressure of CO2 ) or epoxides and alkyl or aryl amines (by increasing the concentration of Lewis acidic Ti4+ ions) enhances the catalytic activity. CO2 molecules activated at the covalently anchored adenine sites react with epoxide/amines adsorbed on the silica surface to form carbonates/carbamates.
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