We demonstrated a bi-directional, Er-doped dual comb fiber laser consisting of all-polarization-maintaining fiber devices. Polyimide films in which single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were dispersed ...were used as the in-line saturable absorber. In order to avoid synchronization of the two combs and associated damage to the SWNT film, a two-branch configuration with two SWNT films was employed. Soliton pulses with almost the same optical spectra were generated stably in each direction, and dual comb beats were observed simply by overlapping the two outputs. The repetition frequency was 28 MHz, and the frequency difference was 105-140 Hz. Thanks to the small frequency difference, dual comb beats corresponding to the whole optical spectrum were observed without any overlapping. Fourier transform spectroscopy using the developed dual comb source was examined, and the characteristics of an optical filter were successfully obtained.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate experimentally and theoretically the oxidation mechanisms and overall removal rates of phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) by aquatic plants. EDCs ...used in this study were bisphenol-A (BPA), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), and pentachlorophenol (PCP). Referring to reported detection levels in aquatic environments and contaminated sites, the feed concentration of each EDC was set from 1 to 100μg/L. Experimental results showed that, except for PCP, phenolic EDCs were stably and concurrently removed by different types of aquatic plants over 70 days in long-term continuous treatments. Primal enzymes responsible for oxidation of BPA, 2,4-DCP, and 4-t-OP were peroxidases (POs). Moreover, enzymatic removal rates of BPA, 2,4-DCP, and 4-t-OP by POs were more than 2 orders of magnitude larger than those by aquatic plants. Assuming that overall removal rates of EDCs are controlled by mass transfer rates onto liquid films on the surface of aquatic plants, an electrochemical method based on the limiting current theory was developed to measure the mass transfer rates of EDCs. Because of extremely large removal rates of EDCs by POs, observed removal rates by aquatic plants were in reasonably good agreement with calculated results by a mathematical model developed based on an assumption that mass transfer limitation is a rate-limiting step.
We present an all-polarization-maintaining Er-doped ultrashort-pulse fiber laser using a single-wall carbon nanotube polyimide nanocomposite saturable absorber. The maximum average power for ...single-pulse operation is 4.8 mW, and the repetition frequency is 41.3 MHz. Self-start and stable mode-locking operation is achieved. The RF amplitude noise is also examined and it is confirmed that the noise figure is as low as that of a solid-state laser. Using a polarization-maintaining anomalous dispersive fiber, a 314 fs output pulse is compressed to 107 fs via higher-order soliton compression. The peak power of the compressed pulse is up to 1.1 kW.
We investigated a dispersion-managed, passively mode-locked, ultrashort-pulse, Er-doped fiber laser using a polyimide film containing dispersed single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and examined the ...dependence on net cavity dispersion and output coupling ratio using normal-dispersion fibers and a variable output coupler. For the dissipative soliton mode-locking condition, we achieved a pulse energy of 3.5 nJ and an average power of 114 mW, the highest values yet reported for an SWNT fiber laser under single-pulse operation.
The aims of this study were to evaluate the morphology of the ankle in patients with an osteochondral lesion of the talus using 3D CT, and to investigate factors that predispose to this condition.
...The study involved 19 patients (19 ankles) who underwent surgery for a medial osteochondral lesion (OLT group) and a control group of 19 healthy patients (19 ankles) without ankle pathology. The mean age was significantly lower in the OLT group than in the control group (27.0 vs 38.9 years; p = 0.02). There were 13 men and six women in each group. 3D CT models of the ankle were made based on Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data. The medial malleolar articular and tibial plafond surface, and the medial and lateral surface area of the trochlea of the talus were defined. The tibial axis-medial malleolus (TMM) angle, the medial malleolar surface area and volume (MMA and MMV) and the anterior opening angle of the talus were measured.
The mean TMM angle was significantly larger in the OLT group (34.2°, sd 4.4°) than in the control group (29.2°, sd 4.8°; p = 0.002). The mean MMA and MMV were significantly smaller in the OLT group than in the control group (219.8 mm
, sd 42.4) vs (280.5 mm
, sd 38.2), and (2119.9 mm
, sd 562.5) vs (2646.4 mm
, sd 631.4; p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively). The mean anterior opening angle of the talus was significantly larger in the OLT group than in the control group (15.4°, sd 3.9°) vs (10.2°, sd 3.6°; p < 0.001).
3D CT measurements showed that, in patients with a medial osteochondral lesion of the talus, the medial malleolus opens distally, the MMA and MMV are small, and the anterior opening angle of the talus is large. This suggests that abnormal morphology of the ankle predisposes to the development of osteochondral lesions of the talus. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1487-90.
We developed a high power supercontinuum source at a center wavelength of 1.7 μm to demonstrate highly penetrative ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT). A single-wall carbon ...nanotube dispersed in polyimide film was used as a transparent saturable absorber in the cavity configuration and a high-repetition-rate ultrashort-pulse fiber laser was realized. The developed SC source had an output power of 60 mW, a bandwidth of 242 nm full-width at half maximum, and a repetition rate of 110 MHz. The average power and repetition rate were approximately twice as large as those of our previous SC source 20. Using the developed SC source, UHR-OCT imaging was demonstrated. A sensitivity of 105 dB and an axial resolution of 3.2 μm in biological tissue were achieved. We compared the UHR-OCT images of some biological tissue samples measured with the developed SC source, the previous one, and one operating in the 1.3 μm wavelength region. We confirmed that the developed SC source had improved sensitivity and penetration depth for low-water-absorption samples.
This study investigated whether dual tasks comprising cognitive tasks and occupations related to daily living can improve the mental and cognitive function of Japanese community-dwelling older ...adults. Participants included 30 older adults, equally divided into intervention and control groups. The outcome measures were memory, attention, depression, and health-related quality of life. No adverse effects of the intervention were observed in any participant in the intervention group. Logical memory I, logical memory II, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale scores showed a significant interaction. Dual tasks combining cognitive tasks and occupations may help improve delayed recall and alleviate depression. A novel attempt to integrate cognitive stimulation and activities valued by individuals may help mediate age-related cognitive function decline and reduce depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults.
Inner-shell ionization of an isolated atom typically leads to Auger decay. In an environment, for example, a liquid or a van der Waals bonded system, this process will be modified, and becomes part ...of a complex cascade of relaxation steps. Understanding these steps is important, as they determine the production of slow electrons and singly charged radicals, the most abundant products in radiation chemistry. In this communication, we present experimental evidence for a so-far unobserved, but potentially very important step in such relaxation cascades: Multiply charged ionic states after Auger decay may partially be neutralized by electron transfer, simultaneously evoking the creation of a low-energy free electron (electron transfer-mediated decay). This process is effective even after Auger decay into the dicationic ground state. In our experiment, we observe the decay of Ne
produced after Ne 1s photoionization in Ne-Kr mixed clusters.
Grammatical inference in bioinformatics Sakakibara, Y.
IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence,
07/2005, Letnik:
27, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Bioinformatics is an active research area aimed at developing intelligent systems for analyses of molecular biology. Many methods based on formal language theory, statistical theory, and learning ...theory have been developed for modeling and analyzing biological sequences such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. Especially, grammatical inference methods are expected to find some grammatical structures hidden in biological sequences. In this article, we give an overview of a series of our grammatical approaches to biological sequence analyses and related researches and focus on learning stochastic grammars from biological sequences and predicting their functions based on learned stochastic grammars.
PDF
