Cubic garnet Li
6.24
La
3
Zr
2
Al
0.24
O
11.98
(LLZO) is a candidate material for use as an electrolyte in Li–Air and Li–S batteries. The use of LLZO in practical devices will require LLZO to have ...good mechanical integrity in terms of scratch resistance (hardness) and an adequate stiffness (elastic modulus). In this paper, the powders were fabricated by powder processing of cast ingots. All specimens were then densified via hot pressing. The room temperature elastic moduli (Young’s modulus, shear modulus, bulk modulus, and Poisson’s ratio) and hardness were measured by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, and Vickers indentation, respectively. For volume fraction porosity,
P
, the Young’s modulus was 149.8 ± 0.4 GPa (
P
= 0.03) and 132.6 ± 0.2 GPa (
P
= 0.06). The mean Vickers hardness was 6.3 ± 0.3 GPa for
P
= 0.03 and 5.2 ± 0.4 for
P
= 0.06.
Odontogenic fibroma is a rare benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumor, with its histological diversity possibly posing diagnostic challenges. A case of the amyloid variant of central odontogenic ...fibroma, with epithelial cells in perineural and intraneural locations, is reported herein. The 46-year-old female patient had experienced discomfort related to her anterior right hard palate for approximately 25 years. Clinical examination revealed a depression in the anterior hard palate, and radiographic examination showed a well-defined radiolucent lesion with root resorption of the adjacent teeth. Histologically, the well-circumscribed tumor was composed of hypocellular collagenous connective tissue with small islands of odontogenic epithelium. In addition, the juxta-epithelial deposition of amyloid globules without calcification and epithelial cells in perineural and intraneural locations were observed, which posed a diagnostic challenge in differentiating the lesion from the non-calcifying variant of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor and sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma. However, on the basis of the clinical and radiographic findings, which were suggestive of a benign and slowly progressive process given the corticated, unilocular radiolucency, the considerable root resorption, and the long history of this finding in an otherwise healthy patient, the final diagnosis was amyloid variant of central odontogenic fibroma. Increased recognition of this variant of odontogenic fibroma and its differentiation from other more aggressive lesions could help the clinician to avoid overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
Abstract Previously we reported that templated agarose scaffolds can orient and guide local spinal cord axons after injury. In the present study we examined whether growth of long-projecting spinal ...cord axons could also be promoted into, and then beyond, templated agarose scaffolds placed into a spinal cord lesion site. Ascending spinal cord dorsal column sensory axons were transected at the C4 level. Animals were then subjected to combinatorial therapies consisting of: 1) templated agarose scaffolds implanted into the lesion site, seeded with autologous bone marrow stromal cells expressing a growth factor, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), 2) lentiviral vectors expressing NT-3 beyond the lesion site (to promote axonal emergence from the scaffold along chemotropic gradients of growth factors), and 3) priming lesions (“conditioning lesions”) of the sensory neuronal cell body to stimulate the endogenous growth state of the injured neuron. Control groups received either non-organized, NT-3-expressing cell suspension grafts in the lesion site, or templated scaffolds plus one of the two components of the combination therapy. Among groups that received templated agarose scaffolds, long-tract sensory axonal regeneration occurred into the spinal cord lesion site, and the growth of these axons was remarkably organized and linear compared to non-organized cell suspension grafts. Axonal penetration was maximal in subjects that received combination therapies; further, 83 + 13% of axons entering the scaffolds in combination-treated subjects continued to grow the full length of the lesion cavity to reach the distal aspect of the scaffold, over a 2 mm distance. In contrast, axons regenerating into cell suspension grafts lacking guidance scaffolds exhibited a parabolic decay of growth as a function of distance, and only 22 + 6% of axons extended the length of the lesion cavity. Moreover, axonal regeneration beyond the lesion site occurred only among subjects that received full combinatorial treatments ( p < 0.05). However, axon growth beyond the scaffold was constrained to a reactive cell layer that formed between the distal aspect of the scaffold and host tissue, and did not continue further to re-penetrate the host spinal cord. Thus, templated agarose scaffolds substantially enhance the organization and distance over which long-tract axons extend through a spinal cord lesion site in the presence of combinatorial therapies, but host-scaffold reactive interfaces limit axon re-penetration of the host. Further development must reduce reactive cellular interfaces to support effective axonal penetration of host parenchyma.
Abstract
We report the discovery of a 10 comoving megaparsec (cMpc)-scale structure traced by massive submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at
z
∼ 4.6. These galaxies are selected from an emission line ...search of ALMA Band 7 observations targeting 184 luminous submillimeter sources (
S
850
μ
m
≥ 6.2 mJy) across 1.6 degrees
2
in the COSMOS field. We identify four C
ii
emitting SMGs and two probable C
ii
emitting SMG candidates at
z
= 4.60–4.64 with velocity-integrated signal-to-noise ratio of S/N > 8. Four of the six emitters are near-infrared blank SMGs. After excluding one SMG whose emission line is falling at the edge of the spectral window, all galaxies show clear velocity gradients along the major axes that are consistent with rotating gas disks. The estimated rotation velocities of the disks are 330–550 km s
−1
and the inferred host dark-matter halo masses are ∼2–8 × 10
12
M
⊙
. From their estimated halo masses and C
ii
luminosity function, we suggest that these galaxies have a high (50%–100%) duty cycle and high (∼0.1) baryon conversion efficiency (SFR relative to baryon accretion rate), and that they contribute ≃2% to the total star formation rate density at
z
= 4.6. These SMGs are concentrated within just 0.3% of the full survey volume, suggesting they are strongly clustered. The extent of this structure and the individual halo masses suggest that these SMGs will likely evolve into members of a ∼10
15
M
⊙
cluster at
z
= 0. This survey reveals a synchronized dusty starburst in massive halos at
z
> 4, which could be driven by mergers or fed by smooth gas accretion.
Abstract
Current-voltage (
I – V
) characteristics in armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR) double barrier systems (DBSs) are investigated by the density functional theory (DFT) and the non-equilibrium ...Green’s function (NEGF) methods. The hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) which has an analogous structure with a graphene shows wide bandgap and becomes an electrical barrier in DBSs. The heterojunction structure of AGNR and two h-BNs with one six-membered ring width has properties as a resonant tunnelling device. Due to the resonance, sharp peaks are formed in the transmission function around the Fermi energy
E
F
. Our previous studies have explained the origins of some peaks by solving the one-dimensional Dirac equation for massless particles. Here, by using the two-dimensional Dirac equation, we show that the remaining sharp peaks depend on the transverse nodal pattern of the wavefunction as well as the anisotropy of the Fermi velocity. Moreover, in the
I – V
characteristics, a flat part is formed without the negative differential resistance appearing. By partial density of state (PDOS) analysis, we reveal that the flat part in the current is caused by the fact that the peak positions in the resonance region are stable against the bias voltage.
New types of die attach pastes comprising micron-sized Ag particles hybridized with submicron-sized Ag particles were considered as lead-free die attach materials for SiC power semiconductors. ...Micron-sized Ag particles in alcohol solvent were prepared by mixing the die attach paste with submicron-sized Ag particles. The alcohol vaporizes completely during sintering and no residue exists in the bonding layer. The Ag layer has a uniform porous structure. The electrical resistivity of the printed tracks decreases below 1
×
10
−5
Ω
cm when sintered above 200
°C. When sintered at 200
°C for 30
min, the average resistivity reaches 5
×
10
−6
Ω
cm, which is slightly higher than the value obtained by using Ag nanoparticle paste. A SiC die was successfully bonded to a direct bonded copper substrate and the die-shear strength gradually increases with the increase in bonding temperature up to 300
°C. The Ag die attach bond layer was stable against thermal cycles between −40
°C and 300
°C.
Objectives
As in-stent protrusion (ISP) during carotid artery stenting (CAS) may cause postoperative embolism, ISP detection is important. Intravascular ultrasound examination (IVUS) is useful for ...ISP detection because the blood vessel cross-section can be drawn as a tomogram from the lumen. Our objective was to clarify the occurrence of ISP during CAS using IVUS and relevant factors, and to report the usefulness of stent-in-stent placement when treating ISP.
Methods
In 142 consecutive patients (128 men, average age 71.7 years; 69 symptomatic) who underwent CAS using dual protection and the blood aspiration method, and subsequent IVUS after stent placement were included. The outcome of CAS, and the occurrence rate of ISP and related factors (plaque characteristics, stent design, intraoperative debris capture rate and postoperative diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) positive rate) were examined.
Results
All CAS procedures were successful and no major adverse events (MAEs) were observed at 30 days. ISP was found in 12% (17/142), and stent-in-stent placement was performed in all cases. Vulnerable plaques were observed in 12 of 17 ISP cases (71%). A closed stent was used in 13 of 17 ISP cases (71%). The intraoperative debris capture rate was 100%, and no neurological symptoms were observed in any patients. A significant increase in ISP susceptibility was related to vulnerable plaques and the intraoperative debris capture rate.
Conclusions
Vulnerable plaques and debris capture were significantly correlated with ISP occurrence. In all ISP cases, stent-in-stent placement was performed and good results were obtained.
Key Points
• ISP detection during CAS using IVUS is important.
• ISP-positive patients were correlated with NASCET ≥ 80%, vulnerable plaques and stent length.
• Adequate additional treatment of stent in stenting under reliable protection against ISP-positive patients achieved low perioperative complications.
Summary
Tracheal intubation without neuromuscular blockade may be associated with worse intubating conditions and increased laryngeal morbidity. We hypothesised that tracheal intubation using the ...McGRATH™ MAC videolaryngoscope would not increase postoperative hoarseness, even without neuromuscular blockade. In this prospective, randomised, parallel‐group, double‐blind, non‐inferiority trial, 248 patients were randomly assigned to tracheal intubation with or without neuromuscular blockade using rocuronium. Hoarseness and sore throat were evaluated at 24 h and 48 h postoperatively. The primary outcome was the incidence of hoarseness at 48 h postoperatively with a pre‐defined non‐inferiority margin of 10%. Hoarseness at 48 h did not differ between the non‐paralysed group and the paralysed group (8.1% vs. 13.6%; absolute difference: −5.4%; 95%CI: −13.3 to 2.4). Also, no significant differences were found between the two groups for hoarseness at 24 h (22.8% vs. 27.1%) or for sore throat at 24 h (12.2% vs. 9.3%) and 48 h postoperatively (1.6% vs. 0.8%). Although more patients in the non‐paralysed group showed an adducted position of the vocal cords (29.3% vs. 0%), there were no significant group differences in the ease of laryngoscopy (96.7% vs. 98.3%), Cormack grade laryngeal view 1 (97.6% vs. 96.6%) or first‐pass success rate (100% vs. 100%). We conclude that when using the McGRATH MAC videolaryngoscope for tracheal intubation, the incidence of postoperative hoarseness was not inferior if neuromuscular blockade was avoided.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of curcumin supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress in humans. 10 male participants, ages 26.8±2.0 years (mean±SE), completed 3 ...trials in a random order: (1) placebo (control), (2) single (only before exercise) and (3) double (before and immediately after exercise) curcumin supplementation trials. Each participant received oral administration of 90 mg of curcumin or the placebo 2h before exercise and immediately after exercise. Each participant walked or ran at 65% of V˙2max on a treadmill for 60min. Blood samples were collected pre-exercise, immediately after exercise and 2h after exercise. The concentrations of serum derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites measured immediately after exercise were significantly higher than pre-exercise values in the placebo trial (308.8±12.9 U. CARR, P<0.05), but not in the single (259.9±17.1 U. CARR) or double (273.6±19.7 U. CARR) curcumin supplementation trials. Serum biological antioxidant potential concentrations measured immediately after exercise were significantly elevated in the single and double curcumin supplementation trials compared with pre-exercise values (P<0.05). These findings indicate that curcumin supplementation can attenuate exercise-induced oxidative stress by increasing blood antioxidant capacity.
![FIR-luminous [C ii] Emitter...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/0004-637X/small "FIR-luminous [C ii] Emitters in the ALMA-SCUBA-2 COSMOS Survey (AS2COSMOS): The Nature of Submillimeter Galaxies in a 10 Comoving Megaparsec-scale Structure at z ∼ 4.6")
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