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•Body weight, complete blood count and studied serum parameters remained unaffected upon Ti 6 A l 4 V alloy powder exposure.•Short tern exposure to Ti 6Al 4V powder drastically ...affected neuromuscular coordination in male mice during rota rod test.•Reduced novel object recognition ability in female mice exposed to Ti 6Al 4V alloy powder.•Disturbed antioxidant metabolites in vital organs of mice treated with Ti 6Al 4V alloy powder.
Titanium, Aluminum and Vanadium (Ti 6Al 4V) alloy are frequently used as surgical implant but regarding their compatibility in living systems is limited. Ti 6Al 4V was prepared from high purity constituents and Ti 6Al 4V alloy powder (25 mg/ml solvent/Kg body weight) was gavaged to albino mice for 8 days. A saline treated control group was maintained in parallel. A series of behavioral (rota rod, light and dark box, open field and novel object) test performance, complete blood count, selected serum (HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, creatinine, cholesterol and triglycerides) parameters, antioxidant metabolites from vital organs (superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation) from vital organs and body weight were determined in both treatments. It was observed that rota rod test performance in male (P = 0.05) and novel object recognition capability in female mice (P = 0.04) were significantly reduced as compared to their respective control groups. Body weight, complete blood count and studied serum parameters remained unaffected when compared between two treatments of both genders. Concentration of superoxide dismutase in liver (P = 0.008), heart (P = 0.01) and lungs (P = 0.05) was significantly elevated while catalase concentration in liver (P = 0.001) was significantly decreased in female albino mice that were exposed to 25 mg/ml solvent/kg body weight of Ti 6 A l 4 V alloy powder. In case of male albino mice, superoxide dismutase concentration in lungs was reduced (P = 0.05) in mice exposed to Ti 6 A l 4 V alloy powder.
In conclusion, our results indicated that short term exposure to 25 mg/ml solvent/Kg body weight of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder supplementation had adversely affected selected aspects of behavior of albino mice in a gender specific manner. Analysis of antioxidant parameters in vital organs has demonstrated that the applied dose of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder can disturb the H₂O₂ associated metabolic pathways in albino mice, especially in female mice. As this alloy is part of surgical implants, so we recommend that their effects in living systems must be extensively explored under variable dose and exposure time conditions to know more about their biocompatibility.
A group of seven-week-old albino mice of both genders were orally administered with a suspension of 25 mg Ti-6Al-4Nb/ml of saline/kg body weight and evaluated in comparison with a control group of ...animals treated with saline. Evaluation of both the groups was conducted through behavioral tests (Rota rod, open field, novel object and light dark box test), blood biochemical tests complete blood count and selected serum parameters (cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, creatinine and triglycerides) and on the basis of measured concentration of antioxidant metabolites (superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation) in vital organs (brain, heart, liver, kidney and lungs). Based upon the results of these tests, it has been found that the applied dose of Ti-6Al-4Nb alloy powder has not effect on physical and neurological outcome of these animals. However, it can increase low-density lipoprotein concentrations as well as disturb the H
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and lipid peroxidation associated metabolic pathways, especially in male albino mice. Whereas all other hematological indices and antioxidative stress parameters were unaffected.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose The purpose of this study of M&A in relation to sustainability aims to create synergies that drive both financial performance and positive environmental and social outcomes, aligning business ...objectives with broader societal goals. The study can help in understanding the structure, collaborations and recent keywords and topics that are related to M&A in relation to sustainability. Design/methodology/approach This study applies comprehensive bibliometric analysis on performance analysis and science mapping of the scholarly literature related to M&A in relation to sustainability published between 2004 and 2024 in 196 publications on Web of science and Scopus by leveraging biblioshiny within R Studio and the VOS viewer software for enhanced visualization and interpretation of the bibliometric data. Findings This study helps to find out the co-occurrence analysis, bibliographical coupling and keyword analysis. Moreover, it scrutinizes patterns of collaboration among researchers, institutions and nations, shedding light on the global reach and influence of scholarly contributions in the field of M&A in relation to sustainability. Practical implications This study identified trends can help scholars, policymakers and business experts to study M&A through the lens of sustainability. Social implications This bibliometric study of M&A in relation to sustainability can drive positive change by promoting responsible business practices, fostering innovation and creating value for both shareholders and society as a whole. Originality/value The paper concludes by finding emerging topics of the research and future directions, it gives a good input to extend the line on the graph. This study provides overview of 20 years of research on M&A in relation to sustainability and discusses its findings to identify the research gap.
Objectives Accurate measurement of the axial length (AL) of the eye is important to make sure that the patient is emmetropic postoperatively. Multiple studies conducted around the globe compare AL ...using optical and ultrasound biometry. However, results are still inconclusive, as some studies stated that there is no difference in both modalities, whereas other studies considered optical biometry to be more superior. We aim to compare AL measurements using applanation ultrasound and optical biometry AL Scan, in Islamabad, in order to find out which modality is more superior. Methods This was a prospective cross-sectional study that was conducted at the department of Ophthalmology, PAF Hospital, E9 Islamabad. The study was conducted over a period of eight months, from April to November 2023. Participants were enrolled using non-probability, consecutive sampling. The axial length of each eye was measured by both optical and ultrasound biometer. Results There were 80 eyes of 40 participants including both males (77.5%) and females (22.5%) aged between 16-58 years. The axial length using the optical biometer showed a greater value ranging from 22.01 to 30.18mm with a mean value of 23.89 ± 1.31mm whereas the axial length measured using applanation ultrasound was 21.62 to 30.00mm with a mean of 23.53 ± 1.29mm. The mean difference between both was 0.36 ± 0.21mm which was statistically significant (P <0.005). Conclusion There is a statistically significant difference between the mean readings of the AL measured by the IOL master and ultrasound biometer, so both the devices cannot be used interchangeably.
Background
There is no consensus on the use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) after mastectomy with indwelling drains. We explored the utility of continued PAP in reducing surgical site ...infection (SSI) rates after mastectomy without immediate reconstruction and with indwelling drains.
Patients and Methods
A multicenter, two-armed, randomized control superiority trial was conducted in Pakistan. We enrolled all consenting adult patients undergoing mastectomy without immediate reconstruction. All patients received a single preoperative dose of cephalexin within 60 min of incision, and postoperatively were randomized to receive either continued PAP using cephalexin (intervention) or a placebo (control) for the duration of indwelling, closed-suction drains. The primary outcome was the development of SSI within 30 days and 90 days postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included study-drug-associated adverse events. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed using multivariable Cox regression.
Results
A total of 369 patients, 180 (48.8%) in the intervention group and 189 (51.2%) in the control group, were included in the final analysis. Overall cumulative SSI rates were 3.5% at 30 days and 4.6% at 90 days postoperatively. PAP was not associated with SSI reduction at 30 (hazard ratio, HR 1.666 95% confidence interval CI 0.515–5.385) or 90 (1.575 0.558–4.448) days postoperatively, or with study-drug-associated adverse effects (0.529 0.196–1.428).
Conclusions
Continuing antibiotic prophylaxis for the duration of indwelling drains after mastectomy without immediate reconstruction offers no additional benefit in terms of SSI reduction. There is a need to update existing guidelines to provide clearer recommendations regarding use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis after mastectomy in the setting of indwelling drains.
Context: The extraction mode plays a key role in extracting a particular type of pharmacologically active compounds that can be isolated as leads to develop novel therapeutic molecules. Aims: To ...evaluate the impact of extraction mode on extract yield, phytochemicals constituents, and antidiabetic activity of different parts of the Calotropis procera. Methods: The different parts extracts were prepared by maceration and Soxhlet extraction. The resulting extracts were subjected to determining phytochemical constituents and antidiabetic activity using in vitro models (inhibition of alpha-amylase, glucose uptake by yeast cell, and inhibition of non-enzymatic Hb-glycation). Result: The yield of extracts was higher in Soxhlet extraction in both solvents compared to maceration. Likewise, methanol extract of all the parts prepared by Soxhlet extraction exhibited higher contents of total polyphenols and tannins (430.2 ± 0.99 and 228.3 ± 3.8, respectively). On the other hand, total flavonoids and terpenoids were more in all parts prepared by maceration. The extract of flower and stem prepared by maceration exhibited 64.87 ± 0.720%, 70.32 ± 0.75%, and 56.86 ± 0.13% antidiabetic activity in alpha-amylase enzyme, non – enzymatic Hb glycation inhibition, and glucose enhancement in yeast, respectively (p<0.05) as compared to standards. The IC50 of alpha-amylase inhibitory assay and non-enzymatic Hb-glycation was 600 µg/mL and 420 µg/mL, respectively, and EC50 for glucose uptake assay was 400 µg/mL. Conclusions: This study revealed that maceration extracts with higher flavonoid and terpenoid content have higher antidiabetic action than Soxhlet extracts. This study will assist in the future for the isolation of antidiabetic compounds from the plant.
•Colutea armata is a medicinal plant known to possess different traditional uses.•Methanol and DCM solvent extracts were screened for metabolomics, bioactivities, and computational studies.•The ...studied extracts were found to contain considerable bioactive compounds and biological potential.•The molecular docking studies further highlighted the interaction between the important phytochemicals and the tested enzymes.
The Colutea genus of plants has been studied for its medicinal qualities, particularly antifungal. The current study is the first to examine and contrast the biological functions and chemical makeup of whole-plant extracts of Colutea armata Hemsl. & Lace. made with dichloromethane (DCM) solvent and methanol (MeOH) solvent. The ability of the extracts under study to block specific enzymes, such as α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and phosphodiesterase. Likewise, spectrophotometric techniques were used to estimate the total bioactive components and potential for antioxidants (DPPH). Additionally, GC–MS metabolomics was done to establish the composition of potential secondary metabolites. Moreover, the in-silico docking studies confirmed the specific compound responsible for biological activities. The varying concentrations of alkaloidal, phenolic and flavonoid components were found in MeOH and DCM extracts, which might be responsible for the notable DPPH, α-glucosidase, and tyrosinase inhibitory potentials. In the contrast, moderate AChE, BChE, and phosphodiesterase inhibition were noted. Additionally, the extracts presented considerable antifungal (S. cerevisiae) and anti-bacterial (K. pneumoniae, S. typhi, E. coli, and S. aureus). In addition, GC–MS profiling of both the MeOH and the DCM extracts revealed the tentative presence of 19 and 33 secondary metabolites, respectively, mostly phenolic, flavonoid, glycoside, terpenes, steroids, and alkaloids, this may be the cause of the plant extract under study's reported biological potential. To conclude, our findings highlighted C. armata as a lead source for naturally bioactive compounds that may open the door to industrial uses.
All blood bank services, especially those of developing countries, face a major shortfall of blood donations due to lack of voluntary blood donors. Our study aims to evaluate the acceptability of ...Short Message Service based interventions towards becoming voluntary blood donors among medical university students of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods. A total of 350 medical students were approached in medical universities of Karachi, Pakistan, using a nonprobability convenient sampling technique. Data collectors administered a self-made questionnaire to each participant using an interview based format. All data was recorded and analyzed on SPSS 16. Results. 350 participants, having a mean age of 21.47 ± 1.36, were included in our study with 30.6% (107/350) being males and 69.4% (243/350) being females. 93.4% (327/350) of participants agreed that donating blood was healthy, but only 26% had donated blood in the past with 79.1% donating voluntarily. 65.7% (230/350) of the participants agreed to take part in Short Message Service based behavioral interventions to become voluntary blood donors with 69.7% (244/350) also agreeing that Short Message Service reminders will promote them to donate blood more often. Conclusion. With university students willing to become voluntary blood donors, Pakistani blood banks can carry out Short Message Service based interventions to encourage them to donate blood.
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