Chitosan extracted from shrimp cortex was grafted with some different anhydride compounds like; acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, succinic anhydride, and phthalic anhydride. The ...chitosan-grafted-anhydrides were copolymerized with L-lactide in ring opening polymerization. All grafted chitosan derivatives were obtained in very good yield, and they were characterized by FTIR and the resulted spectra confirmed the right structures of chitosan and its different synthesized derivatives, and then they were converted to nanoparticles in size by subjecting them to sonication method.In vitro cytotoxicity detection of different chitosan anhydride derivative nanoparticles and their grafted-polylactide were concerning three different types of human breast cancer cell lines as MTT assay, the results exhibit the highly significant cell growth inhibition of these tumor cells compared with a positive control; furthermore, the chitosan anhydride derivatives grafted polylactide demonstrated increasing in reducing cell viability in comparison with their non-grafted form. The DNA fragmentation index percentage was evaluated for some of the studied polymer nanoparticles, using acridine orange dye and the results were shown no or less effective against BT breast carcinoma cell lines DNA
Objective: This study aimed to extract, purify, characterize, and assess the antibacterial efficacy of the biopolymer extracted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods: The ice-cold 96% ethanol and ...isopropanol were used for biopolymer extraction. For protein precipitation, 60% ammonium sulfate was utilized. The solubility, chemical color reactions, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet (UV)-visiblespectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques were used for the characterization of the biopolymer. The antibacterial efficacy of the biopolymer against the pathogens isolated from bacterial vaginosis was evaluated using the broth microdilution method.Results: The extraction of biopolymer produced by P. aeruginosa with ice-cold 96% ethanol and isopropanol yielded 9.22 and 0.2 g/L, respectively, and could be successfully purified using 60% ammonium sulfate. The purified biopolymer exhibited solubility in distilled water. The color chemical reagents methods indicated the presence of monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, and amino acids in the composition of the biopolymer. The carbohydrate average concentration of sugars in the samples was 1083.33 ?g/mL. TheUV-vis spectra of the produced biopolymer showed an absorbance peak at 285 nm. FTIR spectra revealed the main functional groups of the examined biopolymer. The FTIR spectra of the biopolymer exhibited main absorption bands at 3257.48, 2924.42, 2858.63, 1743.60, 1616.00, 1417.07, and 817.00 cm?1. HPLC findings showed one clear peak indicating the purity of the produced biopolymer, with a peak absorbance of 145.930 mAU. Biopolymer showed the highest percentage of inhibition (98.3%) recorded against Bacillus cereus, followed by Staphylococcus haemolyticus (96.8%) at a concentration of 250 ?g /mL.Conclusions: This work concluded that P. aeruginosa is a potential biopolymeraccumulating bacteria and could be used for low-cost biopolymer production to combat bacteria that have developed antibiotic resistance.
This study highlights the effects of iron overload on endocrine glands (Thyroid gland), kidney functions and liver functions in thalassemia patients in Najaf province in Iraq.One hundred patients ...suffering from thalassemia were contributed in the current study. Their age range was 3-18 years old. Thirty apparently healthy person were nominated as "control group". Serum iron , liver functions test (AST,ALT,ALP,TSB) and Kidney functions test (Uera& Creatinine) were measured spectrophotometrically while Serum ferritin, was measured using ELISA, Thyroid hormones (T3 & T4) estimation by Using(I-Chroma instrument) The results indicated significant increase (p<0.05) in iron , ferritin and TSB in patients in comparing with healthy control group while liver functions test (AST,ALT,ALP ) and Kidney functions test (Uera& Creatinin) were no significant.
Illicit drug use represents a worldwide health problem involving about 5% of world's adult population and contributing to crime misery and insecurity. A widely used illicit drug in Iraq in recent ...years is Captagon, which is second only to methamphetamine. It is also popular in Middle East especially in Syria, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. It is the brand name of chemical compound Fenethylline, and it is a derivative substantial of amphetamines. It is amphetamine coupled with theophylline via an alkyl chain. We used a rapid, low-cost colorimetric assay for sensitive and visual detection of Captagon in real human samples using a Captagon-specific aptamer as the recognition element and original gold nanoparticles as indicators. The method indicated that the presence of Captagon resulted in gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) solution's color change from purple to blue. The method was rapid and also worked well in human urine samples, blood and hair. Colorimtric detection of Captagon could be measured either visually or by measurement of the absorbance intensity ratios at 650 and 520 nm, respectively. It worked in the 2 μM to 50 μM concentration range. Selectivity of captgon detection method was also investigated with illicit and licit drugs, which revealed that an obvious change both in absorption spectra and in visual color was observed upon the addition of Captagon, whereas slight and negligible change occurred in the presence of any examined drugs with the similar concentration as Captagon. Our findings presented that hair was a good example for detection of drug history of Captagon and other illicit drugs compared with urine and blood, which is believed to represent a widely applicable aptamer-based detection system.
Al-Zaidi MHH, Al-Tamimi WH, Saleh AAA. 2023. Molecular determination of the microbial diversity associated with vaginitis and testing their sensitivity to selected antimicrobials. Biodiversitas 24: ...4253-4261. Millions of women suffer from bacterial vaginitis is associated with several serious health problems. The present study aimed to investigate the microbial diversity and their sensitivity to different antimicrobial agents. Bacterial isolates were identified by genotyping using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and BLASTn analysis, while conventional mycological methods identified Candida spp. The disc diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. The molecular identification showed that Escherichia coli (20.8%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (20.8%) were the most frequent species, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.7%). At the same time, Macrococcus caseolyticus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus were the least prevalent bacteria (4.16%)—all Candida sp. against the selected antimicrobial agents. Thus, molecular assays are important in monitoring microorganisms associated with vaginitis. Prospective genotyping studies are needed to determine these microbes' resistant genes and understand their mode of action and response to drug therapy.
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