There is an increasing trend of production and consumption of poultry meat over the last years in the world and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The main purpose of this paper is to present a literature ...review in this field, and give prediction of production and consumption of poultry meat in the future. The largest producer of poultry meat in 2013 was the US with 19.8 million tons followed by China (17.4), Brazil (13.0) and the EU-28 (12.8). The total production of poultry meat in the world is 107.4 million tons. The most poultry are fattened in China, the US, Indonesia, Brazil and the EU. Consumption of poultry meat has been increased in the world per capita over the last ten years from 10.4 kg in 2003 to 13.2 kg in 2013. According to statistical data and estimates of OECD FAO, consumption of poultry meat has increased in the past decade to 42.7%. It is expected that consumption of poultry meat in 2023 will be 134.3 million tons, which represents increasing for additional 25.3% compared to 2013, but its average consumption per capita could be about 14.9 kg. The most of poultry meat per capita and per year is consumed in the US (44.3 kg), than in Malaysia (43.1 kg) and Brazil (40.6 kg), while the EU-28 average in 2013 was 21.2 kg. According to statistics, poultry fattening in Bosnia and Herzegovina has also a growing trend showing that the number of poultry and the quantity of meat produced in the last ten years are doubled. In 2004, 9.4 millions of poultry was fattened, while in 2013 it was fattened about 24.7 million. The number of poultry in the Republic of Serpska has increased by 140% and in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by 207%.
Svaki poljoprivredni proizvođač koji se bavi intenzivnim tovom pilića nastoji da ostvari ekonomično poslovanje, stabilan i dugoročan rast. Da bi se to postiglo, vodi se računa o iskorištenosti ...kapaciteta farme za tov pilića. Kapacitet se može promatrati i kroz gustoću naseljenosti koja je jedan od najvažnijih faktora koji utiče na tov pilića i ekonomičnost proizvodnje. Prilikom određivanja gustoće naseljenosti u intenzivnom tovu treba voditi računa i o dobrobiti pilića i maksimalnoj dozvoljenoj gustoći naseljenosti prema Direktivi vijeća 2007/43/EU. Na ekonomičnost tova pilića utiču i drugi faktori,
kao što su: vrsta tovnog hibrida, spol, vrsta i konverzija hrane i zdravlje. Pored ovih faktora utiču i adekvatni klimatski uslovi, mortalitet, prodajna cijena pilećeg mesa koja se može postići na tržištu, mogučnost plasmana i naplate kao i troškovi tova. Cilj
istraživanja u ovom radu je bio ispitivanje uticaja gustoće naseljenosti na ekonomičnost tova pilića hibrida Cobb 500. Istraživanje je provedeno na 225 jednodnevnih pilića koji
su razmješteni u jednake boksove površine 3 m2. Ispitani su ekonomičnost tova, bruto dobit, bruto dobit po m2 i piletu, kao i po jedinici mjere kg. Posmatrane su sljedeće gustoće naseljenosti: kontrolna grupa (G0) je bila naseljena u gustoći od 15 pilića/m2 što
je tehnološki normativ, ogledna grupa G1 od 13 pilića/m2, G2 sa 14 pilića/m2, G3 od 16 pilića/m2 i G4 sa 17 pilića/m2. Uslovi ishrane i ambijentalni uslovi su bili jednaki za sve piliće. Posmatrana je ekonomičnost prilikom prodaje živih pilića na farmi, po kilogramu
žive tjelesne mase, nakon 42 dana tova. Najbolje pokazatelje je imala ogledna grupa G4 sa koeficijentom ekonomičnosti 1,18 i stopom bruto dobiti od 15,51%, a najlošiji rezultat je imala kontrolna grupa G1 gdje je ostvaren koeficijent ekonomičnosti 1,00 i bez bruto
dobiti.
This study explores the anatomical relationship between iliac blood vessels and the lower lumbar spine during supine and prone patient positions. The average height of participants was 174.02 cm ± ...9.01, while the average weight was 80.38 kg ± 13.48. Body mass index (BMI) analyses showed differences (p = 0.002), with 34.7% classified as normal weight, 53.1% as overweight, and 12.2% as moderately obese. The study examined the distances between iliac arteries and veins in relation to intervertebral anterior and posterior disc contours. Patient positioning significantly affected these measurements at both L4/L5 and L5/S1 levels. The findings highlight the critical influence of body position on anatomical relationships in the context of lower lumbar spine surgery. The study underscores the importance of preoperative awareness of vascular anatomy to prevent iatrogenic lesions during spine surgery, contributing valuable insights for optimizing surgical approaches and minimizing complications in spine surgery, particularly microdiscectomy.
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