The application of bioceramic hydroxyapatite (HA) derived from materials high in calcium to tissue engineering has been of concern, namely scaffold. Scaffold pores allow for cell mobility metabolic ...processes, and delivery of oxygen and nutrients by blood vessel. Thus, pore architecture affects cell seeding efficiency, cell viability, migration, morphology, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, angiogenesis, mechanical strength of scaffolds, and, eventually, bone formation. Therefore, to improve the efficacy of bone regeneration, several important parameters of the pore architecture of scaffolds must be carefully controlled, including pore size, geometry, orientation, uniformity, interconnectivity, and porosity, which are interrelated and whose coordination affects the effectiveness of bone tissue engineering. The honeycomb (HCB) as natural polymeric porogen is used to pore forming agent of scaffolds. It is unique for fully interconnected and oriented pores of uniform size and high mechanical strength in the direction of the pores. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of HCB concentration on macropore structure of the scaffolds.
Bioceramic hydroxyapatite (HA) was synthesized from abalone mussel shells (Halioitis asinina) using a precipitation method, and HA-based scaffolds were fabricated with honeycomb (HCB) as the porogen agent. Pore structure engineering was successfully carried out using HCB at concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 wt%.
The Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed that the Ca/P molar ratio of HA was 1.67 (the stoichiometric ratio of HA). The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra results for porous HA-based scaffolds and synthesized HA showed that no chemical decomposition occurred in the HA-based scaffold fabrication process. The porosity of the scaffold tended to increase when higher concentrations of HCB were added. XRD data show that the HCB was completely degraded from the scaffold material. The cell metabolic activity and morphology of the HA + HCB 30 wt% scaffold enable it to facilitate the attachment of MC3T3E1 cells on its surface.
HCB 30 wt% is the best concentration to fabricate the scaffold corresponding to the criteria for pores structure, crystallographic properties, chemical decomposition process and cell viability for bone tissue engineering.
Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) was synthesized from abalone mussel shells (Haliotis asinina) using a precipitation method, and gel HA-Abalone was developed using the carbomer materials with concentrations ...of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%. The specimens used were 25 freshly extracted caries-free premolar teeth, and the treatment was done twice a day for 14 days. Gel HA-Abalone 20 wt%, with a crystallite size of 14.70±1.21 nm, was the best concentration to achieve the best remineralization (~863 VHN) of the superficial layer. Based on the results of cell viability assay on gel HA-Abalone 20 wt%, the growth of NIH/3T3 cells was inhibited beginning at a gel concentration of 1,000 µg/mL, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was 1,497 µg/mL. Based on to the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the result reflected statistically significant differences in the average of the cell viability and enamel surface microhardness values (p<0.05).
In this work, bioceramic carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) was synthesized from abalone mussel shells (Halioitis asinina) using a co-precipitation method; CHA-based scaffolds were fabricated with ...honeycomb (HCB) as the porogen agent. The concentration of HCB porogen varied among 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%. The Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed that the Ca/P molar ratio of CHA was 1.73, which was close to natural bone’s Ca/P molar ratio of 1.71. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) tests revealed that the formed phase of the synthesized CHA was of the B-type. Analysis of the pores structure showed an increasing porogen concentration, pores size, and porosity of the scaffold. The addition of HCB porogen also decreased the crystallite size. This was very good for bone growth because the low crystallinity created dislocations, making it easier for cells to proliferate. Based on the results of cell viability assay on scaffold CHA + HCB 40 wt%, the growth of MC3T3E1 cells was inhibited beginning at a scaffold concentration of 500 μg/mL because the percentage of viability decreased to ∼ 115 % and the IC50 value of MC3T3E1 cells on the scaffold to 691830.97 μg/mL. Based on to the one-way ANOVA, those result reflected no statistically significant differences in the average of cell viability value in the five groups (p> 0.05). The cell metabolic activity and morphology of the CHA + HCB 40 wt% scaffold enable it to facilitate the attachment of MC3T3E1 cells on its surface. Thus, HCB 40 wt% was the best concentration to fabricate the scaffold based on the criteria for pores structure, crystallographic properties, chemical decomposition process and cell viability for biomedical applications.
These days, environmental pollution by heavy metal is a serious public concern. A low-cost and an environmental-friendly equipment is rigorously needed to measure heavy metal existed. In this work, ...we developed a low-cost spectrophotometer to measure heavy metal absorbance by using TCS3200 sensor. The sensor is used to sense the color gradation from dissolved heavy metal. System developed is highly sensitive, cost-effective, user friendly, IoT-enabled and connected to smartphone-based Android operating system. Heavy metal materials that used in this work are FeCl
3
, NiSO
4
, and CuSO
4
. We found that the increasing of the heavy metals concentration affects to the reduction of the sensor frequency. Equipment system developed shows good performance in measurement of heavy metal concentration. For FeCl
3
material, the average accuracy is found to be 95.5% and the precision is 98.7%. For NiSO
4
, the average accuracy is 96% and precision is 98.3%. For CuSO
4
material, the average accuracy is 99.3% and precision is 99.8%. Total amount of production cost less than 20$. Detail on the research is described in this paper.
Abstract
This study aims to make gel composites by synthesizing and characterizing hydroxyapatite (HA) from oyster shell (
Crassostrea gigas
) as an essential ingredient for remineralization gel in ...teeth. The method used to synthesize HA is the precipitation method. HA is synthesized with a variation of calcination for 8 h at 1000 °C and aging time for 24 h to get the best result. The size of the HA crystal obtained is 14 ± 4 nm, with a degree of crystallinity of 91.54%. The result of the HA-oyster shell is used to synthesize gel composites. The gels used as parameters are composition variations: basis gel (basis gel as a negative control), HA gel, propolis gel, and HA-propolis gel. The essential ingredients of oyster shell, HA, and composite gels are treated by physicochemical tests in
SEM
,
XRD
, and
FTIR
characterization. The gel composites are treated using antibacterial tests with
Streptococcus mutants, Streptococcus sanguinis,
and
Lactobacillus acidophilus
. The antibacterial test aims to determine the inhibition of bacteria that cause caries in teeth. The best antibacterial test results are found in HA-propolis gel with the inhibition zone diameter of
S.Mutants
22 ± 0.2 mm,
S. Sanguinis
22 ± 0.3 mm, and
L.Acidophilus
21 ± 0.2 mm. In addition to the antibacterial test, the gel was treated with a feasibility test to determine the viability of viable cells (
MC3T3-E1
) when incubated for 48 h. The
MTT
test shows that the results of the HA gel sample gave significant cell growth, which was 92.80% at the low concentration. The physicochemical, antibacterial, and
MTT
(Viability) test results confirm that the HA-propolis gel composite could potentially improve dental enamel caries with the remineralization process.
In this work, carbonated hydroxyapatite/titanium alloy (CHA/Ti) and carbonated hydroxyapatite/honeycomb/titanium alloy (CHA/HCB/Ti) plates were coated using the electrophoretic deposition dip coating ...(EP2D) method. Analysis of cell viability and surface morphology of CHA/Ti and CHA/HCB/Ti coatings were carried out using the MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. In a previous study, the thickness and average compressive strength values for the CHA/Ti and CHA/HCB/Ti plates were about 63−89 μm and 54−75 MPa, respectively. The result for thickness and compressive strength in this research followed the thickness and compressive strength parameters for coating in bone implants. In this work, the cell viability for incubation times during 24 h and 48 h of CHA/Ti plates is demonstrably superior to that of CHA/HCB/Ti plates, respectively, where the cell viability for CHA/Ti plates increased to ((67 ± 2)%) after incubation for 48 h. According to the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the p-value was <0.05, indicating a significant difference in the average cell viability value across the three groups. Furthermore, the surface of CHA/Ti is not changed after the coating process. These results will yield many positive biomedical applications, especially in bone implants. Overall, CHA/Ti and CHA/HCB/Ti plates can be considered candidates for biomedical applications based on an analysis of surface morphology and cell viability.
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the world order from the beginning of 2020 to the end of 2022. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on changes in healthy living practices, such as ...decreased physical exercise and increased stress, compromising psychological well-being. The psychological impacts of walking and relaxing in urban green spaces on IPB University students are investigated in this study. Bogor City Alun-Alun, Sempur Park, and Heulang Park were used for the experiment. Participants completed 15 minutes of walking and relaxed sitting before and after the experiment, and the psychological impacts were assessed using Profiles of Mood States (POMS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) before and after the experiment. The results indicate that physical activity improves psychological wellness. These findings give scientific evidence for the psychologically relaxing effects of walking and relaxed sitting, as well as recommendations to support the development and construction of therapeutic urban green spaces.
Masalah kesehatan gigi tertinggi di Indonesia adalah karies yaitu rusaknya jaringan keras gigi. Pencegahan karies dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan remineralisasi. Cangkang kerang-simping merupakan ...limbah industri kaya kalsium yang dapat menjadi prekursor hidroksiapatit yaitu kristal penyusun gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis gel hidroksiapatit dari cangkang kerang- simping dan mengetahui pengaruh gel hidroksiapatit terhadap remineralisasi email gigi. Metode penelitian merupakan eksperimental laboratoris 2 tahap. Pertama adalah sintesis hidroksiapatit dan evaluasi fisikokimia menggunakan SEM-EDX dan XRD. Hidroksiapatit kemudian dibuat menjadi sediaan gel dan diuji secara organoleptik. Tahap kedua adalah penelitian pre dan post-test control group design menggunakan 16 sampel gigi premolar satu rahang atas post ekstraksi yang terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok gel hidroksiapatit 20%, dan kelompok kontrol. Uji kekerasan email gigi menggunakan Vickers microhardness tester sebanyak 2 kali, yaitu sebelum dan setelah aplikasi gel. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa hidroksiapatit cangkang kerang simping berukuran nano, berbentuk granular dengan rasio molar Ca:P 3,22. Konsistensi gel hidroksiapatit homogen, sedikit berbau dan berwarna putih krem. Pada hasil uji kekerasan email terdapat perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah aplikasi (p0,05) dan terdapat signifikansi perbedaan peningkatan kekerasan antar kelompok (p0,05). Peningkatan kekerasan email kelompok gel hidroksiapatit lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulannya adalah gel hidroksiapatit cangkang kerang-simping berpotensi sebagai agen remineralisasi email gigi
In this study, 3D porous multicomponent bioceramic scaffolds were fabricated. Hydroxyapatite (HA) and carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite (CHA) synthesized from Asian moon scallop shell (Amusium ...pleuronectes) served as the bioceramics, whereas alginate and chitosan served as the polymeric components. The study was focused on determining whether the presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the scaffold exerted an impact. When PVA was not included, the morphological examination revealed that the samples exhibited porous structures characterized by effective pore interconnectivity and a substantial pore size. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopic analyses indicated that the inclusion of PVA led to a decrease in the crystallinity, pore size, and porosity of the scaffolds. Those containing PVA exhibited porosity levels in the range of 56%–60%, and pore sizes ranged from 42 to 90 µm. These properties may provide advantages for the scaffold with respect to the ability for cell migration and cell attachment, thus enhancing new bone formation. Moreover, the compositions of HA and chemically modified HA (CHA) within the scaffold influenced the crystallinity and uniformity of the scaffold morphology. This finding suggests the potential for crafting a customized porous bioceramic scaffold based on specific compositions.
This work synthesized Hydroxyapatite (HA) from common cockle shells using a precipitation method and fabricated nanofiber scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL)-HA composites with combinations of ...several polymers (i.e., gelatin, chitosan, and collagen) using electrospinning. The synthesized HA had a small agglomerate shape, solid structure, and few interconnected micropores. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed that the synthesized HA exhibited a Ca/P molar ratio of 1.68. All nanofiber samples were nontoxic with cell viability values of 70.46-91.78%. The PCL-HA-Gelatin nanofiber was the best mechanical properties of the scaffold with the high values of tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and breaking-point elongation at (9.80 ± 1.36) MPa, (0.81 ± 0.09) MPa, and (61.5 ± 7.75) %, respectively. There was no significant difference in the average cell viability of the samples. Nanofiber scaffolds of PCL-HA polymer have the potential for bone tissue engineering applications by satisfying their mechanical property and cytotoxicity assay criteria.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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