The objective of this study was to elucidate the impact of physical activity during the growth period as well as on oxidative stress and antioxidative potential in adulthood. The experimental animals ...used were four-week old male Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into three groups. The exercise loads were as follows: control (CON), treadmill exercise (TE), and jumping exercise (JE). The exercise was performed at the same time of day, at a frequency of five days per week, for eight weeks. Derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROSs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) were measured during periods of rest prior to commencement of the experiment and after the experiment. Analysis was conducted using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Schaffer's multiple comparison procedure and the significance level was set at p < 0.05. The percent increase in d-ROM levels in the JE group, which experienced short-duration intense exercise loads, was higher than that in the TE group, which experienced moderately intense exercise loads. However, BAP, which is an index of antioxidant potential, markedly decreased in adulthood in the CON group, as compared to that in the developmental period, whereas the exercise groups showed no notable changes in BAP levels. Oxidative stress levels and antioxidant potential are affected differently in adulthood, depending on the intensity of sustained exercise loads experienced during development. Results suggested that in order to increase antioxidant potential, while taking oxidative stress production into account, moderately intense exercise loads are more desirable than highly intense exercise loads.
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Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We propose an elliptic curve (EC) cryptographic processor architecture that can support Galois fields GF(p) and GF(2/sup n/) for arbitrary prime numbers and irreducible polynomials by introducing a ...dual field multiplier. A Montgomery multiplier with an optimized data bus and an on-the-fly redundant binary converter boost the throughput of the EC scalar multiplication. All popular cryptographic functions such as DSA, EC-DSA, RSA, CRT, and prime generation are also supported. All commands are organized in a hierarchical structure according to their complexity. Our processor has high scalability and flexibility between speed, hardware area, and operand size. In the hardware evaluation using a 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS standard cell library, the high-speed design using 117.5 Kgates with a 64-bit multiplier achieved operation times of 1.21 ms and 0.19 ms for a 160-bit EC scalar multiplication in GF(p) and GF(2/sup n/), respectively. A compact version with an 8-bit multiplier requires only 28.3 K gates and executes the operations in 7.47 ms and 2.79 ms. Not only 160-bit operations, but any bit length can be supported by any hardware configuration so long as the memory capacity is sufficient.
Adult urodeles (salamanders) are unique in their ability to regenerate complex organs perfectly. The recently developed Accessory Limb Model (ALM) in the axolotl provides an opportunity to identify ...and characterize the essential signaling events that control the early steps in limb regeneration. The ALM demonstrates that limb regeneration progresses in a stepwise fashion that is dependent on signals from the wound epidermis, nerves and dermal fibroblasts from opposite sides of the limb. When all the signals are present, a limb is formed de novo. The ALM thus provides an opportunity to identify and characterize the signaling pathways that control blastema morphogenesis and limb regeneration. In the present study, we have utilized the ALM to identity the buttonhead-like zinc-finger transcription factor, Sp9, as being involved in the formation of the regeneration epithelium. Sp9 expression is induced in basal keratinocytes of the apical blastema epithelium in a pattern that is comparable to its expression in developing limb buds, and it thus is an important marker for dedifferentiation of the epidermis. Induction of Sp9 expression is nerve-dependent, and we have identified KGF as an endogenous nerve factor that induces expression of Sp9 in the regeneration epithelium.
In this paper, a current and power factor sensor with non-invasive and energy-harvesting operation is proposed. Our method enables single probe measurement for voltage waveforms on a power supply ...line without ground connection. The voltage waveforms are measured using a piezoelectric polarized polyvinylidene fluoride film and appropriate capacitance. A current transformer measures the current waveforms and acquires operating power for the sensor circuits. A microcontroller in the sensor calculates the current and power factor. In sequence, the data are transferred to PC using LoRa, a low-power and wide-area wireless communication standard. In the field test, our sensor shows high correlation coefficients of 0.91 and 0.70 for current and power factor, respectively. High linearity between values from the sensor and actual values are also observed. Our sensor can be easily applied to various industrial machines owing to its energy-harvesting, non-invasive, and single-probe features.
Although palliative radiotherapy for gastric cancer may improve some symptoms, it may also have a negative impact due to its toxicity. We investigated whether symptoms improved after radiotherapy ...with adjustment for the Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) considering that patients with limited survival tend to experience deterioration of symptoms.
This study was an exploratory analysis of the Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group study (JROSG 17-3). We assessed six symptom scores (nausea, anorexia, fatigue, shortness of breath, pain at the irradiated area and distress) at registration and 2, 4 and 8 weeks thereafter. We tested whether symptoms linearly improved after adjusting for the baseline PPI. Shared parameter models were used to adjust for potential bias in missing data.
The present study analysed all 55 patients enrolled in JROSG 17-3. With time from registration as the only explanatory variable in the model, a significant linear decrease was observed in shortness of breath, pain and distress (slopes, −0.26, −0.22 and −0.19, respectively). Given that the interaction terms (i.e. PPI × time) were not significantly associated with symptom scores in any of the six symptoms, only PPI was included as the main effect in the final multivariable models. After adjusting for the PPI, shortness of breath, pain and distress significantly improved (slope, −0.25, −0.19 and −0.17; P < 0.001, 0.002 and 0.047, respectively). An improvement in fatigue and distress was observed only in patients treated with a biologically effective dose ≤14.4 Gy.
Shortness of breath, pain and distress improved after radiotherapy. Moreover, a higher PPI was significantly associated with higher symptom scores at all time points, including baseline. In contrast, PPI did not seem to influence the improvement of these symptoms. Regardless of the expected survival, patients receiving radiotherapy for gastric cancer can expect an improvement in shortness of breath, pain and distress over 8 weeks. Multiple-fraction radiotherapy might hamper the improvement in fatigue and distress by its toxicity or treatment burden.
•Patients receiving radiotherapy for gastric cancer can expect improvement of symptoms.•Shortness of breath, pain and distress improved after radiotherapy.•Palliative Prognostic Index did not seem to influence the improvement of symptoms.•Multiple-fraction radiotherapy might hamper the improvement in fatigue and distress.
The most important performance for repair materials is adhesion to the substrate. The authors experimentally find out that high modulus fine aggregates in repair material enhance strength of it as ...well as the strength of the interface repaired with it, compared to the ordinary repair without fine aggregates. This paper elaborates the mechanisms for that with fractographic observation and FEM analysis based on the results of experiment. Also the authors discuss the ways for enhancing the strength and ductility of the repaired mortar.
Monodisperse aromatic N -methyl benzamide-based molecules (repeat number: x = 5–10, molar mass distribution M w / M n = 1.02–1.04) connected with terephthalic acid at both sides (MAB x–x ) were ...rapidly prepared by a step-wise condensation reaction using the reported one-pot dendrimer synthetic method. These were copolymerized with NH 2 -terminated poly(propylene oxide) (PPO y ) using a condensation reagent at ambient temperature, and the relationship between the structure and the properties was evaluated. The copolymers, poly(MAB x–x - b -PPO y ), had M n values up to 12 500 g mol −1 ( M w / M n = 1.6), with only a single T g at −70 °C by DSC, assignable to the pure PPO domain. Only for the copolymer films consisting of a monodisperse MAB x–x segment, did the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) show two T g values at −70 and above 50 °C, indicating the clear phase segregation of the copolymers. The mechanical properties of the copolymer films were mostly dependent on the fraction of the monodisperse hard segment, and the tensile modulus and elongation at break varied from 3.3 to 32.5 MPa and 150 to 540%, respectively.
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