Studies targeting small molecule metabolites (amino acids, sugars, nucleotides, lipids) in connections with gut microbiota metabolites that impact the host metabolome give a possibility to define a ...special metabolic signature of different diseases. Plasma amino acids (AA) profile is known to be a new promising biomarker for the screening of coronary artery disease (CAD) pathogenesis connected with gut dysbiosis. The aim of our study was to estimate the spectrum of plasma amino acids in CAD patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and to check their connections with the gut microbiota metabolites. 300 patients were divided into three groups: CAD – 149 patients with CAD but without arrhythmias, CAD+AF – 123 patients with CAD and AF paroxysm and control group– 28 patients without CAD and arrhythmias. Plasma AA level was detected by ion exchange liquid column chromatography. Significant changes in the content of plasma Glutamate, Glutamine, Glycine, Alanine, Valine and Tyrosine and combinations Isoleucine+Leucine/Valine, Glycine+Serine, Glycine/Methionine, Phenylalanine/Tyrosine, Glutamine/Glutamate in CAD+AF patients were detected. A strong reliable connection between plasma AA spectrum and gut microbiota metabolites trimethylamine, trimethylamine-N-oxide and total amount of fecal short chain fatty acids was determined. The highly validated plasma AA combinations Isoleucine – Glycine (area under ROC-curve 0.8122) and Phenylalanine – Glycine (area under ROC-curve 0.8061) that can be used as the early markers of AF paroxysm in CAD patients were proposed. Keywords: atrial fibrillation, cardiometabolic risk factors, coronary artery disease, gut microbiota metabolites, plasma amino acids
•New multicomponent compounds (Sm,Ho)2Fe17Nx (x = 0; 2.4) are prepared.•The ball-milling process was conducted at room temperature.•Structure and magnetic properties were investigated at ...2–300 K.•Study showed the enhance of magnetic performance.•High magnetic fields reveal the presence of phase transition at 500 kOe.
The structural and magnetic properties of the compound Sm1.2Ho0.8Fe17 and the nitride powders Sm1.2Ho0.8Fe17N2.4 prepared by high energy ball milling under various milling regimes are reported. Magnetic properties of the samples are investigated at 2–300 K in steady magnetic field up to 70 kOe and in pulsed magnetic field up to 600 kOe. The application of high magnetic field reveals the presence of the second-order transition in Sm1.2Ho0.8Fe17N2.4 at 500 kOe. Magnetic hysteresis properties study shows that ball milling enhances magnetic performance of Sm1.2Ho0.8Fe17N2.4 making it perspective for the magnets fabrication.
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) were administered to patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to prevent the development of acute graft—versus— host disease ...(GVHD). The injection of MSC did not always prevent the development of GVHD. The aim of the work was to compare the secretome of MSC effective and ineffective in the prevention of GVHD. MSC were obtained from the bone marrow of hematopoietic stem cells donors. The secretome was studied using a TripleTOF 5600+ mass spectrometer with a NanoSpray III ion source coupled to a NanoLC Ultra 2D Plus nano-HPLC System. A total of 1,965 proteins were analyzed. Analysis of the secretome of effective and ineffective MSC samples revealed significant differences in the secretion of 1,119 proteins associated with ribosomes, exosomes, focal contacts, and others. Analysis of proteins secreted by MSC can be used to identify prognostically effective samples.
Quantitative characteristics of the impact of factors of the production environment (physical, chemical, biological), the severity and intensity of the labor process, their contribution to the ...deterioration of the health of the working contingent and the development of mechanisms of premature aging can hardly be overestimated. Occupational factors play a leading role among the health risk factors of the labor contingent in the workplace. Their effect on the organism of people engaged in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions can have cumulative effect on the health of workers and cause premature aging of the body, exert an adverse effect on the central nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine, reproductive, digestive, excretory, blood, musculoskeletal system, causing psychosomatic, acute and chronic occupational diseases, and poisoning. Long-term chronic “occupational” and domestic stress prevails among the mechanisms that reveal premature aging at the level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The article analyzes (according to literature sources) the most probable risk factors and mechanisms that trigger the processes of premature aging.
•The use of specific proteases allowed us to obtain truncated forms of fibrin(ogen) lacking its C-terminal sub-domains or both N- and C-terminal sub-domains of their αC-domains. These fibrin(ogen) ...forms have been used for studying the role of the corresponding sub-domains in several fibrin(ogen)-dependent processes.•It was shown that the N- and C-terminal sub-domains both play an important role in fibrin polymerization. These two sub-domains also contributed to platelet aggregation with the N-terminal sub-domains playing a more significant role in this process.•It was also shown that the C-terminal sub-domains make the major contribution to the plasminogen activation process, endothelial cell viability, and migration of cancer cells.
Fibrinogen is a large polyfunctional plasma protein consisting of a number of structural and functional domains. Among them, two αC-domains, each formed by the amino acid residues Аα392–610, are involved in fibrin polymerization, activation of fibrinolysis, platelet aggregation, and interaction with different cell types. Previous study revealed that each fibrinogen αC-domain consists of the N-terminal and C-terminal sub-domains. The major objections of the present study were to test functional role of these sub-domains in the above mentioned processes.
To achieve these objections, we used specific proteases to prepare two truncated forms of fibrinogen, fibrinogen desAα505–610 and fibrinogen desAα414–610, missing their N-terminal and both N- and C-terminal sub-domains, respectively.
Our study with these truncated forms using turbidity measurements and electron microscopy revealed that the N- and C-terminal subdomains both contribute to protofibril formation and their lateral aggregation into fibers during fibrin polymerization process. These two sub-domains also contributed to platelet aggregation with the N-terminal sub-domains playing a more significant role in this process. At the same time, the C-terminal sub-domains make the major contribution to the plasminogen activation process. Further, our experiments revealed that the C-terminal sub-domains are involved in endothelial cell viability and migration of cancer cells.
Thus, the results obtained establish the functional role of individual sub-domains of the αC-domains in fibrin polymerization, activation of fibrinolytic system, platelet aggregation, and cellular interactions.
The present study expands our understanding of the functional role of individual fibrinogen domains and their specific portions in various fibrin(ogen)-dependent processes.
A method for constructing nonstationary vibration equations for electro-viscoelastic composite plates with their active damping is described. The problem is solved in an integral Fourier transform ...frequency space. To construct a multilayer plate model, a discrete structural approach was used, i.e., the plate is divided through the thickness into computational layers, within which the displacements and electric potentials are approximated by means of quadratic Lagrange polynomials. At the edges of the plate, the Navier conditions are met. The semi-analytical nonstationary vibration equations are derived by means of the variational convolutional Lagrange equation. To represent them in a frequency space, a direct integral Fourier transform is used, which makes it possible to use experimentally determined frequency-dependent complex characteristics directly in calculations of nonstationary vibrations of plates without additional transformations of integral physical relations. Solutions of the problem of active damping of nonstationary vibrations for the frequency images of displacements and electric potentials have been found, their convergence is analyzed. The procedure has been evaluated by analyzing the active damping of nonstationary vibrations of a three-layer edge-hinged square plate under the action of a blast wave impulse. The middle layer is made of a composite material, and the outer electro-viscoelastic layers act as a sensor and an actuator. The active damping of vibrations is provided by connecting these layers of the plate into a negative feedback circuit with the proportional-differential control law. The viscoelastic and electro-viscoelastic characteristics of the materials are taken into account by means of complex elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric moduli. The results of analyzing the active damping of nonstationary vibrations of a plate are presented. The values of the proportional and differential components of the controller as characteristics of this damping were chosen taking into account the permissible electric field strength of the actuator. The research results for the case of passive damping of vibrations are also given for comparison. The dependences of the decrement of plate vibrations on the differential component of the controller and of the maximum plate deflection on the reinforcement angle of the middle layer material have been established. The optimum reinforcement angle according to the minimum plate deflection criterion has been determined, which provides an increase in the efficiency of active damping of nonstationary vibrations of the plate owing to an increase in the differential component of the controller.
The North Siberian plain is the main fawning ground and summer feeding of wild reindeer of the Taimyr tundra population. After an explosive increase in numbers in 2000, when the population increased ...to 1 million of individuals, there is a decrease in the deer number. According to aerial surveys in 2017, it amounted to 404-442 thousand of individuals, in 2019, according to research staff members of the Taimyr Nature Reserves, it decreased to 250-280 thousand. Based on mathematical modeling and analysis of information obtained when marking 17 deer with collars with satellite transmitters, the paper considers version of the population response to environmental factors. Against the background of tundra "greening", the growth of plant biomass, the length of deer stay in Taimyr did not increase, but, on the contrary, it decreased almost three times and averages 63 days in comparison with the 1960s. The questions solved in this paper consider the reasons why deer leave their former feeding grounds in the middle, or even at the beginning of August and if a significant reduction in the volume of deer hunting will lead to a completely opposite effect.
Abstract
The expediency of operational control of the energy parameters of the agricultural enterprise’s MTP under operating conditions is shown, which allows timely repair and maintenance measures ...to reduce power losses. An algorithm for automating the monitoring of energy indicators of tractor engines has been developed, including the main technological procedures for each unit of household equipment. An automated system has been formed based on the proposed algorithm and the diagnostic device for energy monitoring of the tractor fleet of the agricultural enterprise developed at SibFTI. The issues of practical application of the system in the agricultural enterprise are considered.
Masses of the ground, orbitally and radially excited states of the asymmetric fully heavy tetraquarks, composed of charm (
c
) and bottom (
b
) quarks and antiquarks are calculated in the ...relativistic diquark–antidiquark picture. The relativistic quark model based on the quasipotential approach and quantum chromodynamics is used to construct the quasipotentials of the quark–quark and diquark–antidiquark interactions. These quasipotentials consist of the short-range one-gluon exchange and long-distance linear confinement interactions. Relativistic effects are consistently taken into account. A tetraquark is considered as a bound state of a diquark and an antidiquark which are treated as a spatially extended colored objects and interact as a whole. It is shown that most of the investigated tetraquarks states (including all ground states) lie above the fall-apart strong decay thresholds into a meson pair. As a result they could be observed as wide resonances. Nevertheless, several orbitally excited states lie slightly above or even below these fall-apart thresholds, thus they could be narrow states.
Studies monitoring the impact of different types of industrial pollution on ecosystems using the histomorphological method have been conducted. The stages of formation and development of changes in ...the main body systems of the organism in mouselike rodents living near rivers of the Norilsk industrial region are noted. Despite their external well-being, numerous structural morphological pathologies were found in the organs and tissues of the examined mice that inhabit the polluted territories. Disorders of the hematopoietic organs and an imbalance of the organs of the endocrine system may be a consequence of disruption of stabilizing mechanisms or of the accelerated depletion of reserve capacities of the systems under study.
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