We study the possibility to advance relativistic planar Čerenkov surface-wave oscillators, which are driven by intense sheet electron beams, to the subterahertz frequency range within the framework ...of the performed simulation. It is shown that the use of two-dimensional periodic slow-wave structures providing the two-dimensional distributed feedback allows one to ensure high coherence of radiation at the subgigawatt power level in oscillators of this kind for transverse sizes equal to hundreds of wavelengths. The design parameters and structural elements are discussed for implementing such high-power oscillators based on the ELMI accelerator complex within the framework of the joint BINP/IAP experiments.
Cell cultures isolated by the enzymatic method from the terminal placenta amnion consist mainly from epithelial cells, expressing cytokeratin-7, CD90, and CD73, are characterized by high viability ...and low proliferative potential. Adhesive cultures of umbilical (Wharton’s jelly) cells, despite the fibroblast-like shape of the cells and expression of surface markers, intrinsic to mesenchymal stromal cells, are also characterized by high heterogeneity during the initial stages of culturing, judging by an appreciable share of cytokeratin-expressing cells. The terminal placenta chorionic villi can be a source of cells with the most typical morphology and immunophenotypical profile of the resident multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, which retain high viability
in vitro
and have a high proliferative potential.
We isolated and characterized cell cultures from eutopic endometrium and endometriotic lesions of women with malformations of the internal reproductive organs. The cells had fibroblast-like shape and ...intensively expressed CD90, CD73, CD105, CD44, CD146, and CD117 and were capable of induced adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation
in vitro
. The obtained cultures exhibited properties of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells; at the same time, they demonstrated
in vitro
immunophenotypic differences from cell cultures of eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women without developmental abnormalities, which suggests their functional difference. The cells from eutopic endometrium and from ectopic endometriotic lesions can be used as the model for studying of the etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis and for testing new drugs for this specific group of patients. Markers CD90 and CD117 were identified as promising molecules for the development of minimally invasive diagnostics of endometriosis based on cell cultures from eutopic endometrium.
We describe a method of isolation of human mesenchymal stromal cells from the umbilical cord (Wharton’s jelly) and human placenta: amnion, placental villi, and trophoblast. Morphology, ...immunophenotypic characteristics, and differentiation potencies of isolated cells were studied. The capacity of mesenchymal stromal cells from extraembryonic tissues to osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation was demonstrated and the dynamics of this process was described. The isolated cells met the criteria for multipotent mesenchymal stem cells.
The human gut microbiota is currently seen as an important factor that can promote autism spectrum disorder (ASD) development in children.
This study aimed to detect differences in the taxonomic ...composition and content of bacterial genes encoding key enzymes involved in the metabolism of neuroactive biomarker compounds in the metagenomes of gut microbiota of children with ASD and neurotypical children.
A whole metagenome sequencing approach was used to obtain metagenomic data on faecal specimens of 36 children with ASD and 21 healthy neurotypical children of 3-5 years old. Taxonomic analysis was conducted using MetaPhlAn2. The developed bioinformatics algorithm and created catalogue of the orthologues were applied to identify bacterial genes of neuroactive compounds in the metagenomes. For the identification of metagenomic signatures of children with ASD, Wilcoxon's test and adjustment for multiple comparisons were used.
Statistically significant differences with decreases in average abundance in the microbiota of ASD children were found for the genera
and
and species
,
,
,
,
and
. Average relative abundances of the detected genes and neurometabolic signature approach did not reveal many significant differences in the metagenomes of the groups that were compared. We noted decreases in the abundance of genes linked to production of GABA, melatonine and butyric acid in the ASD metagenomes.
For the first time, the neurometabolic signature of the gut microbiota of young children with ASD is presented. The data can help to provide a comparative assessment of the transcriptional and metabolomic activity of the identified genes.
Proliferative activity of mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from five sources (chorionic villi, Wharton’s jelly, amnion, endometrium, and adipose tissue) was compared by flow cytometry and real-time ...PCR (by the content of mRNA of genes encoding of cell cycle regulators). Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from the endometrium demonstrated maximum stability and high proliferative potential.
Cell cultures isolated from endometriosis lesions by enzymatic dissociation consisted of fibroblast-like cells expressing CD90, CD73, and CD105; cell viability in these cultures was >90%, but this ...parameter decreased by passage 3. Zero passage cultures contained 10-25% epithelial cells expressing cytokeratin-7, but by passage 2, the cultures became more homogeneous and epithelial cells disappeared. The proportion of proliferating cells and population doubling level increased from passage 1 to passage 3. The cultures from the endometrium were induced to adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation
in vitro
. The cultures derived from ectopic endometrium have properties of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells that exhibited
in vitro
similarities and differences from cell cultures from eutopic endometrium, which allows using this cell model for the search and testing of new drugs and technologies aimed at suppression of the growth and spread of endometriosis lesions.
The multicenter prospective observational study initiated by the European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group (EHMSG) is conducted in 27 countries in Europe. The data from the Russian part of the ...European registry for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection (European Registry on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection, protocol: “Hp-EuReg”) allows us to analyze the real clinical practice of diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori and compare it with international recommendations. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the data entered in the register by the Russian research centers “Hp-EuReg”, in the period from 2013 to 2018, was conducted. Results and discussion. Invasive diagnostic methods prevail for the primary diagnosis of H. pylori histology - 20.3% (in 2013 year) - 43.9% (in 2018 year), rapid urease test - 31.7% and 47.8% respectively. The most popular mode of eradication therapy is a 10-day triple therapy (62.8-76.2%), the effectiveness of which does not exceed 79% (per protocol). Invasive tests (histology) are the leading method for control the effectiveness of therapy, however, there is a tendency towards a wider use of non-invasive methods (H. pylori stool antigen - from 17% in 2013 to 29.3% in 2018 and urea breath test from 6.9 to 18.3%, respectively). Serological test to control the effectiveness of eradication is still used from 8.2% (2013) to 6.1% (2018). Eradication therapy was not performed in 28% of patients throughout the entire observation period. Conclusion. In Russia, despite approved domestic and international recommendations, deviations in clinical practice persist, both during eradication therapy and in monitoring the effectiveness of eradication therapy.
Cell cultures isolated from human endometrium by enzyme digestion consisted of highly viable fibroblast-like mesenchymal cells expressing CD90, CD73, and CD105. During passage 1, the cultures ...contained a small fraction of cytokeratin-7
+
epithelial cells that disappeared by passage 2. The cultures from the endometrium could be induced to adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation
in vitro
. These findings suggest that human endometrium is a convenient source of biomaterial for minimally invasive isolation of cultures that exhibit typical morphology and immunophenotypic profile of resident multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells retain high viability
in vitro
.
The expression of mRNA of 36 genes involved in implantation was studied by reverse transcription and real-time PCR. Signifi cant differences in mRNA expression during the early and middle stages of ...the secretion phase were detected for genes
mmp7
,
vegf
,
il2m
,
il1β
,
il8
,
il18
,
tnfα
,
il10
,
tgfβ
,
igfbp2
,
etc
.
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