Background: The prevalence of schizophrenia has increased in the last few years. Nevertheless, methods in assisting schizophrenic patients have not improved significantly. Islamic spiritual ...mindfulness is a spiritual approach that can help schizophrenic patients increase their self-efficacy in anger management. However, the application of this intervention is still not well researched.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of Islamic spiritual mindfulness on self-efficacy in anger management among schizophrenic patients.Methods: This study utilized a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a control group. A total of 54 schizophrenic patients were purposively recruited and divided into two groups: the intervention group (n=27) and the control group (n=27). The intervention group received four sessions of Islamic spiritual mindfulness in two weeks, while the control group received a standard intervention from the hospital. The data were collected using the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy (RESE) scale and analyzed using the t-test.Results: The results showed a significant difference in self-efficacy scores between the control and intervention groups (p=0.000) after the intervention. In the pre-test, the mean score of self-efficacy in the intervention group was lower than the control group (M=28.15 vs. M=30.26) without a significant difference. However, in the post-test, a significant difference in self-efficacy between the intervention and control groups was found (M=46.44 vs. M=46.44; p=0.000).Conclusion: Islamic spiritual mindfulness significantly affects self-efficacy among schizophrenic patients. The Islamic spiritual mindfulness can be applied as a new form of approach to increase self-efficacy in schizophrenic patients.
Background: There are several factors that contribute to Post Stroke Depression (PSD). Since a single intervention is proven ineffective to deal with PSD, an intervention which includes biological, ...psychological, social, and spiritual aspects (“SELF-HELP Packages”), therefore, needs to be established.Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of “SELF HELP Packages” intervention on PSD among ischemic stroke survivors after three months from onset and its effect after confounding variables were controlled.Methods: This study was a pre and post quasi-experiment with a control group involving 34 ischemic stroke survivors each group. The inclusion criteria were survivors after three months from ischemic stroke, no aphasia, having a good hearing, and having Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score of ≥ 22. GRID-HAMD 17, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Barthel-Index were used to measure PSD, social support, and functional status respectively. “SELF-HELP Packages” intervention was delivered in three sessions, namely information delivery, discussion and activity. Statistical analyses were conducted using McNemar test, Chi-square and logistic regression.Results: The result showed that “SELF-HELP Packages” considerably decreased PSD in the intervention group (p=0.004). There were also significant differences in PSD after the intervention between two groups (p=0.008). Logistic regression showed that ‘SELF-HELP Package” had no effect on PSD when other confounding variables were controlled (p=0.075, OR=0.288, 95% CI 0.073 – 1.135).Conclusion: SELF-HELP Packages” should be applied in providing the nursing intervention among stroke ischemic survivors in clinical setting. A longer period of time for the intervention is also recommended for the next study in order to obtain a more robust result.
Career exploration reflects activities conducted to collect information about oneself and potential occupations to become self-aware and understand the job market. Career exploration guides the ...realization of career aspirations and is thus crucial for young adults. It helps the youth make appropriate career-relevant decisions. However, it is unknown whether career aspirations mediate the links between positive parenting and career exploration activities undertaken by urban third-year undergraduate students. This study aimed to bridge this gap in the literature, and to this end, a survey was administered to 125 third-year undergraduate students attending a state university in Semarang, Central Java. The Career Exploration Scale, Career Aspirations Scale, Positive Parenting Subscale, and questions on demographic characteristics were employed for data collection. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that career aspirations fully mediated the path between positive parenting and career exploration. The findings of this study underline the importance of career aspirations in translating the effects of positive parenting into specific career exploration activities undertaken by college students. Finally, suggestions based on the study results are offered for third-year undergraduate students, parents, and practitioners.
The main purpose of this study is to portray career orientation of Senior High School (SMA) and Vocational High School (SMK) students and the role that school counselors should play in providing ...vocational guidance. This study used a survey method involving 278 students from both SMA and SMK di Jakarta. Career Orientation Inventory (COI) and Counselor Role in Career Guidance Inventory were used as an instrument of data collection. Descriptive statistics and t-test were conducted to analyze the data. The findings of the study reveal that majority of SMA and SMK students wanted to further their study to university and only small number of them wanted to find out jobs or run their own business. The findings also show that school counselors play a very important role in providing vocational guidance services for senior secondary students. Therefore, in order for students to have a bright career in future, school counselors should improve the quality of vocational guidance services and plan comprehensive vocational guidance programs.
The dietary acid load was associated with metabolic syndrome and mental health among obese college studentsBackground: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has been increasing every year in the young ...population. The western diet is one of the causes that makes excess acid in the body called a dietary acid load. On the other hand, the high dietary acid load was associated with decreased mental health status.Objective: To examine the association between dietary acid load and the risk of metabolic syndrome and mental health.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 115 female students in Semarang aged 18-22 years. The dietary acid load was evaluated through a potential renal acid load (PRAL), the risk score for metabolic syndrome was calculated by Metabolic syndrome risk score. Mental health status was assessed through levels of self-esteem and levels of anxiety. The level of self-esteem was measured by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale questionnaire, while the level of anxiety was measured by the State Anxiety Inventory questionnaire. Multiple linear regression models with adjustment for a potential cofounding variable were used to evaluate the association between dietary acid load with metabolic syndrome scores, self-esteem scores, and anxiety scores.Results: The mean PRAL score was 6.11 ± 9.72 mEq/day indicated the intake of the subjects was the dietary acid load. 13% of subjects had metabolic syndrome, and 87% had a pre-metabolic syndrome. 36.5% of the subjects have low self-esteem scores. The anxiety level score calculation shows that 59.1% of the subjects are at high risk of anxiety. Pearson test showed that PRAL scores were correlated with anxiety scores (r=0,669; p<0,001). The linear regression test showed that PRAL scores were correlated with metabolic syndrome scores (β=0.899; p<0.001) and self-esteem scores (β =-0.069; p=0.047).Conclusions: High dietary acid load may be a risk factor related to the development of metabolic disorders and decreased mental health status in females with obesity.
Based on social cognitive career theory, we examined the mediating roles of job search self-efficacy and outcome expectations in the relationship between adolescent–parent career congruence and job ...search preparatory behaviors and investigated the influence of proactivity as a moderator in these direct and indirect relationships. Participants were 236 Grade 10 and 11 Indonesian students (mean age 16 years, 67% male), who were attending a vocational education school and would not be progressing to post–high school study. After controlling for educational achievement, we found congruence to be associated with self-efficacy (24% of variance explained), outcome expectations (23%), and job search preparatory behaviors (46%). Self-efficacy, but not outcome expectations, was related to more preparatory behaviors, and self-efficacy fully mediated between congruence and preparatory behaviors. Proactivity moderated the direct relationships between congruence and self-efficacy and outcome expectations, but not preparatory behaviors, and did not moderate any of the indirect relationships.
Self-perceived employability is individual’s perceived ability to get sustainable employment appropriate to one’s qualification level. Previous researches demonstrated the importance of ...self-regulation in shaping self-perceived employability in emerging adulthood, when career aspirations have a significant role in career-related decision-making process. However, the relationships between career aspirations, self-regulation, and self-perceived employability among university students were rarely known. This study examined a theoretical model, whether self-regulation served as a partial mediator between career aspirations and self-perceived employability. Using a convenience sampling, we involved 600 university students who were at their second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth semester (68% female, M age = 19.97 years; SD = 5.57) from a university in Semarang. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that career aspirations were associated with self-perceived employability directly and indirectly via self-regulation. It means, the higher students career aspirations, the better their self-regulation and self-perceived employability. Self-regulation also leads to higher self-perceived employability. We interpreted the findings of this study form developmental and goal-setting perspective. To promote self-perceived employability, students are recommended to boost their career aspirations and develop a good self-regulation skill.
The present study examines the theoretical model on how Identity status and self-efficacy in decision making process has indirect influences on the level of the indecisiveness for choosing future ...career in college students during their freshman year. With a sample of 389 respondents of Public University students at Semarang in their freshman year, we analyze the structural equation model using AMOS program version 16.0., which then indicates that the Theoretical Model can explain on how the indecisiveness in choosing future career. Identity status has indirect influence to the level of indecisiveness when the self efficacy for choosing future career is simultaneously measured, The study also explains that the higher the respondents have in self efficacy, the more decisive they are in choosing their future career. Moreover, the results In details shows that achieved Identity status leads to the high level of self efficacy and diffused Identity status directly influences the lower level of self efficacy in choosing future career whereas the remaining identity status which are moratorium and foreclosure Identity status, both have no Influence on self efficacy for choosing future career.
Career orientation plays an important role in determining a student's future employment status. However, little is known about the extent to which parent and counselor roles influence the career ...orientation of their students or children. This study examines the influence of adolescent-parent career congruence and the role of guidance counselors in career orientation. The Adolescent-Parent Career Congruence Scale, Counselor Role in Vocational Guidance Scale, and Career Orientation Inventory Scale were used for data collection. This study selected a sample of 278 students, aged 15-18 years old, using a purposive sampling technique. The participants all attended Senior Secondary School or Vocational High School in Jakarta, Indonesia. Multiple regression and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed to analyze the data. The results of multiple regression analysis indicate that both adolescent-parent career congruence and role of guidance counselors have a significant positive correlation with student career orientation. This study has practical implications for school counselors who provide vocational guidance services to students.
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