The next generation magnetic spectrometer in space, AMS-100, is designed to have a geometrical acceptance of 100 m 2 sr and to be operated for at least ten years at the Sun–Earth Lagrange Point 2. ...Compared to existing experiments, it will improve the sensitivity for the observation of new phenomena in cosmic rays, and in particular in cosmic antimatter, by at least a factor of 1000. The magnet design is based on high temperature superconductor tapes, which allow the construction of a thin solenoid with a homogeneous magnetic field of 1 Tesla inside. The inner volume is instrumented with a silicon tracker reaching a maximum detectable rigidity of 100 TV and a calorimeter system that is 70 radiation lengths deep, equivalent to four nuclear interaction lengths, which extends the energy reach for cosmic-ray nuclei up to the PeV scale, i.e. beyond the cosmic-ray knee. Covering most of the sky continuously, AMS-100 will detect high-energy gamma-rays in the calorimeter system and by pair conversion in the thin solenoid, reconstructed with excellent angular resolution in the silicon tracker.
The precise measurement of cosmic-ray antinuclei serves as an important means for identifying the nature of dark matter and other new astrophysical phenomena, and could be used with other cosmic-ray ...species to understand cosmic-ray production and propagation in the Galaxy. For instance, low-energy antideuterons would provide a “smoking gun” signature of dark matter annihilation or decay, essentially free of astrophysical background. Studies in recent years have emphasized that models for cosmic-ray antideuterons must be considered together with the abundant cosmic antiprotons and any potential observation of antihelium. Therefore, a second dedicated Antideuteron Workshop was organized at UCLA in March 2019, bringing together a community of theorists and experimentalists to review the status of current observations of cosmic-ray antinuclei, the theoretical work towards understanding these signatures, and the potential of upcoming measurements to illuminate ongoing controversies. This review aims to synthesize this recent work and present implications for the upcoming decade of antinuclei observations and searches. This includes discussion of a possible dark matter signature in the AMS-02 antiproton spectrum, the most recent limits from BESS Polar-II on the cosmic antideuteron flux, and reports of candidate antihelium events by AMS-02; recent collider and cosmic-ray measurements relevant for antinuclei production models; the state of cosmic-ray transport models in light of AMS-02 and Voyager data; and the prospects for upcoming experiments, such as GAPS. This provides a roadmap for progress on cosmic antinuclei signatures of dark matter in the coming years.
We present prototype modules for a tracking detector consisting of multiple layers of 0.25
mm diameter scintillating fibers that are read out by linear arrays of silicon photomultipliers. The module ...production process is described and measurements of the key properties for both the fibers and the readout devices are shown. Five modules have been subjected to a 12
GeV/
c proton/pion testbeam at CERN. A spatial resolution of
50
μ
m
and light yields exceeding 20 detected photons per minimum ionizing particle have been achieved, at a tracking efficiency of more than 98.5%. Possible techniques for further improvement of the spatial resolution are discussed.
Performance of the AMS-02 transition radiation detector Doetinchem, Ph.v.; Fopp, S.; Karpinski, W. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2006, Letnik:
558, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
For cosmic particle spectroscopy on the International Space Station the AMS experiment will be equipped with a Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) to improve particle identification. The TRD has 20 ...layers of fleece radiator with Xe/CO
2 proportional-mode straw-tube chambers. They are supported in a conically shaped octagon structure made of CFC-Al-honeycomb. For low power consumption VA analog multiplexers are used as front-end readout. A 20 layer prototype built from final design components has achieved proton rejections from 100 to 2000 at 90% electron efficiency for proton beam energies up to 250
GeV with cluster counting, likelihood and neural net selection algorithms.
Aiglon, a magnetic spectrometer for low energy electrons Battiston, R.; Burger, W.J.; Ostaptchouk, A. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2010, Letnik:
617, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The magnetic spectrometer is designed to detect low energy electrons (5–50
MeV) with good energy (10%) and angular (
<
5
∘
) resolutions, and sufficiently large acceptance (
10
cm
2
sr
), to monitor ...short term changes of the trapped particle population in the Earth's magnetic field. The influence of multiple Coulomb scattering is reduced by active collimation, filter planes composed of edgeless silicon microstrip detectors. The incident and exit particle trajectories are reconstructed in four planes of scintillating fibers. The spectrometer is a digital device in the sense that the notion of sampling is omnipresent: at the level of the filter plane design to suppress large angle multiply-scattered electrons, and at the level of the frontend electrons, where silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) are used.
PEBS — Positron electron balloon spectrometer von Doetinchem, P.; Gast, H.; Kirn, T. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2007, Letnik:
581, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The best measurement of the cosmic ray positron flux available today was performed by the HEAT balloon experiment more than 10 years ago. Given the limitations in weight and power consumption for ...balloon experiments, a novel approach was needed to design a detector which could increase the existing data by more than a factor of 100.
Using silicon photomultipliers for the readout of a scintillating fiber tracker and of an imaging electromagnetic calorimeter, the PEBS detector features a large geometrical acceptance of
2500
cm
2
sr
for positrons, a total weight of
1500
kg
and a power consumption of
600
W
. The experiment is intended to measure cosmic ray particle spectra for a period of up to 20 days at an altitude of
40
km
circulating the North or South Pole.
A full Geant4 simulation of the detector concept has been developed and key elements have been verified in a testbeam in October 2006 at CERN.
The beam-gas vertex (BGV) detector is an innovative instrument measuring noninvasively the transverse beam size in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using reconstructed tracks from beam-gas ...interactions. The BGV detector was installed in 2016 as part of the R&D for the High-Luminosity LHC project. It allows beam size measurements throughout the LHC acceleration cycle with high-intensity physics beams. A precision better than 2% with an integration time of less than 30 s is obtained on the average beam size measured, while the transverse size of individual proton bunches is measured with a resolution of 5% within 5 min. Particles emerging from beam-gas interactions in a specially developed gas volume along the beam direction are recorded by two tracking stations made of scintillating fibers. A scintillator trigger system selects, on-line, events with tracks originating from the interaction region. All the detector elements are located outside the beam vacuum pipe to simplify the design and minimize interference with the accelerated particle beam. The beam size measurement results presented here are based on the correlation between tracks originating from the same beam-gas interaction vertex.
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