We report the uncertainty evaluation of the Swiss continuous primary frequency standard FoCS-2 (Fontaine Continue Suisse). Unlike other primary frequency standards which are working with clouds of ...cold atoms, this fountain uses a continuous beam of cold caesium atoms bringing a series of metrological advantages and specific techniques for the evaluation of the uncertainty budget. Recent improvements of FoCS-2 have made possible the evaluation of the frequency shifts and of their uncertainties in the order of . When operating in an optimal regime a relative frequency instability of is obtained. The relative standard uncertainty reported in this article, , is strongly dominated by the statistics of the frequency measurements.
We sought to evaluate the accuracy and speed for the triage of multiple patients during a disaster drill by Emergency Medical Service (EMS) personnel. During a disaster drill (train collision with ...blast injury and chemical release), the accuracy and speed of triage of 130 patient-actors by the Fire Department of New York City (FDNY) EMS personnel was evaluated using the Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) triage system. All EMS personnel had been previously trained in START, but refresher training was not administered before the drill. Overall triage accuracy was 78%. In patients that had additional changes in their status during the triage process (injects), 62% were retriaged appropriately. Because of security and decontamination procedures, triage at the triage/treatment area began 40 minutes after the drill commenced. It took 2 hours and 38 minutes to completely clear the scene of all patients. On average, the time from the start of triage to transport was 1 hour and 2 minutes. Despite the fact that triage is a skill practiced by every EMS system in the country on a daily basis, few studies regarding triage accuracy are available. Limited data suggest that the triage accuracy rates using different triage strategy algorithms are approximately 45% to 55%. During this drill, FDNY-EMS triage accuracy using the START system exceeded these expectations. This study provides insight as to the triage experience of a large urban EMS system operating at a disaster drill.
In recent years the use of the wind resource was increased not only fordiversifying the electricity generation matrix of the countries but also to supply energy for small settlements that are ...isolated from electricity grids. The objective of this work was to update the Wind Resource Map of the Province of Neuquén, in order to have updated wind cartography that provides the basis for feasibility studies of wind power generation projects. New wind data of excellent quality existing in the area was used.In this study, a diagnostic mass consistent model that allows managing databases was used. The relief and surface roughness were elaborated with remote sensors data. The parameters of the local atmospheric boundary layer were obtained from an atmospheric model outputs. The wind map at 50 meters height and the directional wind characteristics in points of mesh of the centre and southern of the Province of Neuquén was obtained. The quality of fit between the model results and the measurements was evaluated. Wind cartography of adequate quality (ε r = 0.069 and r > 0.93) was achieved, especially in the west sector (ε r < 0.04 and r > 0.98), which are the predominant and most intense wind directions in the region. Excellent windquality location, near good routes and power lines, as, among others, the Barda Negra Plateau and the Vaca Muerta Plateau, in which the annual average wind speed at 50 meters height exceeded 9.0 m/s and at west directions 14.0 m/s. This fact indicates the possibility of installing wind farms.
En los últimos años, el aprovechamiento del recurso eólico fue incrementándose no sólo con el objetivo de diversificar la matriz de generación eléctrica de los países, sino también para abastecer de energía a pequeñas poblaciones que se encuentran aisladas de las redes eléctricas. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo la actualización del Mapa del Potencial Eólico de la Provincia del Neuquén, con la finalidad de disponer de cartografía eólica actualizada que proporcione la base para estudios de factibilidad de proyectos de generación de energía eléctrica a partir del recurso eólico. Se aprovecharon nuevos datos de viento de excelente calidad existentes en la zona. En este estudio se utilizó un modelo tipo diagnóstico que satisface la ecuación de conservación de la masa que permite manejar múltiples bases de datos. Se utilizaron datos de sensores remotos para caracterizar el relieve y la rugosidad superficial. Lascaracterísticas de la capa límite atmosférica local se obtuvieron de salidas de modelos atmosféricos. Se obtuvo el mapa de la distribución del viento a 50 metros de altura y las características eólicas en puntos de malla en forma direccional del centro y sur de la Provincia del Neuquén. Se evaluó la calidad del ajuste entre los datos obtenidos conel modelo y los medidos en las torres anemométricas. Se logró cartografía eólica de adecuada calidad (ε r = 0,069 y r > 0,93) especialmente en el sector oeste (ε r < 0,04 y r > 0,98) que son las direcciones predominantes y de mayor intensidad en la región.Se obtuvieron ubicaciones dentro del dominio analizado de excelente calidad de viento como, entre otras, la Meseta Barda Negra y la Meseta de la Vaca Muerta, en las que la velocidad del viento media anual a 50 metros de altura superó 9,0 m/s y en las direcciones con componente oeste fue mayor a 14,0 m/s. Este hecho indica la posibilidad de instalación de parques eólicos.
We present some important results related to Micromegas-TPC development for rare event detection: First, we show the influence of the detection plane structure on the energy resolution, where, ...replacing the wires planes (MWPC) by the Micromegas micropattern, gave a high collection efficiency with good uniformity and good energy resolution. Second, we prove that the increase of the height of the amplification zone permits a good charge collection at higher gas pressure. Third, we present a new gas mixture Xe(98)CF4(2) , which is convenient for the search of neutrinoless double beta decay in 136Xe. Fourth, large size Micromegas, with 50 cm of diameter is operated in the Gotthard-TPC (200 l) and showed high effciency and good energy resolution with low energy sources.
Mobility of thorium ions in liquid xenon Wamba, K.; Hall, C.; Breidenbach, M. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2005, Letnik:
555, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We present a measurement of the
226
Th ion mobility in LXe at 163.0
K and 0.9
bar. The result obtained, 0.240
±
0.011 (stat)
±
0.011 (syst) cm
2
/(kV-s), is compared with a popular model of ion ...transport.
The MUNU experiment, general description Amsler, C; Avenier, M; Bagieu, G ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
09/1997, Letnik:
396, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We are building a low background detector based on a gas time projection chamber surrounded by an active anti-Compton shielding. The detector will be installed near a nuclear reactor in Bugey for the ...experimental study of
ν
e
e
−
scattering. We give here a general description of the experiment, and an estimate of the expected counting rate and background. The construction of the time projection chamber is described in details. Results of first test measurements concerning the attenuation length and the spatial as well as energy resolution in the CF
4 fill gas are reported.
Schenker considers the ideal relationship between character and action in a Greek tragedy. The goal is a balance between the organic unity of the work and the individuality of the participants in it.
In recent years the use of the wind resource was increased not only for diversifying the electricity generation matrix of the countries but also to supply energy for small settlements that are ...isolated from electricity grids. The objective of this work was to update the Wind Resource Map of the Province of Neuquén, in order to have updated wind cartography that provides the basis for feasibility studies of wind power generation projects. New wind data of excellent quality existing in the area was used. In this study, a diagnostic mass consistent model that allows managing databases was used. The relief and surface roughness were elaborated with remote sensors data. The parameters of the local atmospheric boundary layer were obtained from an atmospheric model outputs. The wind map at 50 meters height and the directional wind characteristics in points of mesh of the centre and southern of the Province of Neuquén was obtained. The quality of fit between the model results and the measurements was evaluated. Wind cartography of adequate quality (ε r = 0.069 and r > 0.93) was achieved, especially in the west sector (ε r < 0.04 and r > 0.98), which are the predominant and most intense wind directions in the region. Excellent wind quality location, near good routes and power lines, as, among others, the Barda Negra Plateau and the Vaca Muerta Plateau, in which the annual average wind speed at 50 meters height exceeded 9.0 m/s and at west directions 14.0 m/s. This fact indicates the possibility of installing wind farms.
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