The last 50 years have witnessed rapid changes in the ways that natural history specimens are collected, preserved, analyzed, and documented. Those changes have produced unprecedented access to ...specimens, images, and data as well as impressive research results in organismal biology. The stage is now set for a new generation of collecting, preserving, analyzing, and integrating biological samples-a generation devoted to interdisciplinary research into complex biological interactions and processes. Next-generation collections may be essential for breakthrough research on the spread of infectious diseases, feeding Earth's growing population, adapting to climate change, and other grand research challenges. A decade-long investment in research collection infrastructure will be needed.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Biology without borders Schindel, David E
Nature (London),
10/2010, Letnik:
467, Številka:
7317
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
... leaders of biodiversity-rich countries such as Brazil, Indonesia and South Africa want payback for the decades to centuries during which they did not share in the proceeds of species exported for ...cultivation and commercial exploitation. ... several non-governmental organizations, such as the ETC Group in Ottawa, Canada, have pilloried virtually all international movement of biological specimens as 'biopiracy'3.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Younger children are referred for surgical intervention in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Outcome data in this population after a laparoscopic ...restorative proctocolectomy and Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (LRS-IPAA) are limited. We reviewed our experience to determine if younger children would have similar functional outcomes.
After institutional review board approval, a review of children with FAP and UC undergoing LRS-IPAA at a children's hospital from 2002 to 2017 occurred. The study groups were defined based on age: young group (YG; 5-12 y) and older group (OG; 13-18 y). Data points included demographics, postprocedure course, and outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed.
Sixty-five children were identified and grouped by age: YG (n = 22, average age 9 y) and OG (n = 43, average age 15.4 y). Thirteen children in YG had UC, and nine had FAP. Twenty-eight children in OG were diagnosed with UC, and 15 with FAP. After LRS-IPAA, continence, appetite recovery, and use of antidiarrheal medications were not significantly different between groups. The incidence of pouch stricture, diagnosis of pouchitis, and complications were also not significantly different. Two children (YG), aged 11 and 12 y at the time of colectomy, were initially diagnosed with UC and then reassigned as having Crohn's disease because of persistent symptoms. One child, who underwent colectomy at 17 y for FAP, had invasive rectal cancer and died 3 y later from metastatic disease. Time of follow-up for OG is 8-61 mo (average: 37 mo). Period of follow-up for YG is 11-73 mo (average: 43 mo).
There are no significant differences in the functional outcomes between groups after LRS-IPAA. Although numbers are small, these data suggest younger age should not be a deterrent when contemplating LRS-IPAA in the treatment of UC and FAP in the pediatric population. Younger patients with FAP may benefit from early intervention.
Barcoding scientists aspire to adhere to the objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity by promoting conservation, sustainability, and the equitable sharing of benefits arising from use of ...genetic resources. (Image: Juan Manuel Escalante,
wwww.realitat.com
)
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Surgery for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) can be performed in one-, two-, or three-stage procedures 1. The more traditional approach is a total proctocolectomy and creation of an ileo ...pouch-anal anastomosis and diverting stoma at the initial operation, followed by ileostomy closure several weeks later (TIPPA) 1. An alternative is an initial subtotal colectomy and end ileostomy 2. In this alternative approach (NIPAA), a completion proctectomy and definitive ileo pouch-anal anastomosis can be performed without a diverting stoma. We hypothesize that functional outcomes following a NIPAA approach when performed in children, in our experience, are likely similar or improved when compared to those treated by TIPAA.
After IRB approval, a review of patients who underwent a two-stage Laparoscopic IPAA from 2004 to 2017 occurred. Data included demographics, diagnosis, surgical intervention time to full diet, level of continence, use of antidiarrheals and complications.
N = 41 (NIPAA = 14, TIPAA = 27). After establishment of bowel continuity, no significant differences in appetite recovery, continence, or complications were noted. The number of antidiarrheals prescribed were significantly higher in the TIPAA group (p = 0.01). Thirteen patients (31.7%) had pouchitis: 4 NIPAA and 9 TIPAA (p = NS). Of the 41 patients, 11 required subsequent surgery; 2 patients (18.2%) received NIPAA and 9 (81.8%) received TIPAA (p = 0.20). Two TIPAA patients received a diverting ileostomy owing to chronic anal pain and failure to achieve continence.
This study suggests children with medically refractory UC treated by NIPAA or TIPAA have similar outcomes. Minimal differences in overall outcome were noted following either approach. However, NIPAA may reduce reliance on antidiarrheals to achieve satisfactory defecation outcomes.
III Retrospective comparative study.
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