Background Cutaneous granulomas after a soft filler injection represent one of the worst scenarios for both patient and injector.
Objectives To present clinical and histopathological features of ...granulomatous nodular reactions induced by a new alginate‐based dermal filler (Novabel®), and put it in context of the process of injectable soft tissue fillers approval and promotion in the EU.
Methods A case series of four patients injected with Novabel® for volume restoration of the face and hands, who developed severe foreign body reactions.
Results Four patients injected with Novabel® into tear troughs and/or dorsa of hands developed severe granulomatous reactions within months after injections. As we injected with the new filler into a total of 10 patients, a high incidence of 40% of the disfiguring adverse effect was observed. The inadequate response of manufacturer to our reporting the side‐effects along with the available data on registration process of dermal fillers confirmed that the area is not well‐regulated.
Conclusions The status of dermal fillers as class III medical devices, and the process of their approval and marketing in the EU need to be seriously reconsidered to avoid unnecessary and serious adverse reactions.
Background
Recent experimental evidence suggests that increasing energy delivered during radiofrequency segmental ablation (RFSA) of varicose veins might further improve outcomes.
Objectives
To ...evaluate occlusion rates and safety of the routine use of double heat cycle (DHC) during RFSA of incompetent saphenous veins up to 3 years after the initial treatment.
Methods
Retrospective review of prospectively collected duplex ultrasound (DUS) and complication rate data of successive patients from the Viennese, Lower Austrian and Slovenian regions treated for incompetent saphenous veins, followed up on a yearly basis for up to 3 years after the procedure.
Results
Between 2007 and 2011, 258 patients (389 veins; 322 great saphenous veins (GSV) had been treated with DHC ClosureFast. Patients’ return was 46% (122 subjects) 3 years after RFSA 140 GSV and 31 small saphenous veins (SSV) with a mean follow‐up time of 24.93 ± 11.77 months. At 36 months Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed the occlusion probability of 98.6% (95% CI: 1.005–0.966). All SSV were closed. Except for three cases of dysaesthesia which disappeared within a year, there have not been major side‐effects.
Conclusions
Results of the retrospective analysis indicate that the routine use of DHC during RFSA for incompetent saphenous veins is equally safe but potentially more efficacious considering mid‐term venous closure rates.
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution affecting most mammalian species. Clinical leptospirosis is common in dogs but appears to be rare in cats. Both dogs and cats, ...however, can shed leptospires in the urine. This is problematic as it can lead to exposure of humans. The control of leptospirosis, therefore, is important not only from an animal but also from a public health perspective. The aim of this consensus statement is to raise awareness of leptospirosis and to outline the current knowledge on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic tools, prevention and treatment measures relevant to canine and feline leptospirosis in Europe.
Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic disease. Pathogenic Leptospira species, the causative agent of leptospirosis, colonize the renal tubules of chronically infected maintenance hosts such as dogs, ...rats and cattle. Maintenance hosts typically remain clinically asymptomatic and shed leptospires into the environment via urine. In contrast, accidental hosts such as humans can suffer severe acute forms of the disease. Infection results from direct contact with infected urine or indirectly, through contaminated water sources. In this study, a quantitative real-time PCR specific for lipL32 was designed to detect the urinary shedding of leptospires from dogs. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay was evaluated using both a panel of pathogenic Leptospira species and clinical microbial isolates, and samples of urine collected from experimentally infected rats and non-infected controls. The lower limit of detection was approximately 3 genome equivalents per reaction. The assay was applied to canine urine samples collected from local dog sanctuaries and the University Veterinary Hospital (UVH) at University College Dublin. Of 525 canine urine samples assayed, 37 were positive, indicating a prevalence of urinary shedding of leptospires of 7.05%. These results highlight the need to provide effective canine vaccination strategies and raise public health awareness.
Antibiotic use in human and veterinary medicine is considered a main driver of antimicrobial resistance. Although guidelines to promote appropriate use of antimicrobials in veterinary patients have ...been developed, antibiotic overprescription is assumed to be a common problem. The goal of this study was to investigate antimicrobial use in cats in Switzerland with acute upper respiratory tract disease (aURTD), feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) and abscesses, and to assess compliance of prescription with consensus guidelines. A total of 776 cases (aURTD, n = 227; FLUTD, n = 333; abscesses, n = 216) presented to two university hospitals and 14 private veterinary practices in Switzerland during 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical history, diagnostic work-up and antimicrobial prescription (class, dosage, duration) were assessed.
A total of 77% (aURTD), 60% (FLUTD) and 96% (abscesses) of the cases received antibiotic therapy; 13-24% received combination or serial therapy. The cats were treated for a median of 7 (abscesses) and 10 days (aURTD, FLUTD). Treatments with potentiated aminopenicillins (40-64%), third generation cephalosporins (25-28%), aminopenicillins (12-24%) and fluoroquinolones (3-13%) were most common. Prescriptions were judged in complete accordance with consensus guidelines in 22% (aURTD), 24% (FLUTD) and 17% (abscesses) of the cases. Antibiotics were prescribed although not indicated in 34% (aURTD), 14% (FLUTD) and 29% (abscesses) of the cases. The presence of lethargy, anorexia or fever in cats with aURTD, and the detection of bacteriuria in cats with FLUTD were significantly associated with antibiotic therapy. Although diagnostic work-up was significantly more common (aURTD: university hospitals, 58%; private practices, 1%; FLUTD: university hospitals, 92%; private practices, 27%) and the use of critically important antibiotics significantly less common at the university hospitals (aURTD, 10%; FLUTD, 14%) compared to private practices (aURTD, 38%; FLUTD, 54%), the frequency of antibiotic treatment was not different between the university hospitals and private practices.
Our results indicate that overprescription of antibiotics in cats in Switzerland is common and accordance with guidelines is poor. The study highlights the need to promote antimicrobial stewardship in small animal medicine.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
An 8‐year‐old female spayed Labrador retriever was presented for the evaluation of severe weight loss 10 weeks after starting an immunomodulatory treatment, including prednisolone and cyclosporine, ...for meningoencephalitis of unknown origin. Plasma biochemistry analysis showed mild to moderate increases in liver enzyme activities and a moderate decrease in urea concentration. Abdominal ultrasound revealed mild hepatomegaly and a large gall bladder with unremarkable wall and content. Cholecystocentesis was performed and bile was examined both cytologically and by molecular methods, which revealed the presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi. Treatment was initiated with albendazole but was discontinued due to the development of severe neutropenia. The medical management was subsequently changed to fenbendazole and the dog made a complete recovery. This report describes the first case of clinical manifestation and successful treatment of biliary E. bieneusi infection in a dog.
This study was designed as a prospective multicenter randomized comparison of procedure-related complications, patient recuperation, and quality-of-life outcomes between patients undergoing vein ...stripping with high ligation and patients undergoing great saphenous vein (GSV) obliteration with temperature-controlled radiofrequency ablation without adjunctive high ligation (Closure procedure).
Eighty-five patients (86 limbs) from five sites (France, 2; Austria, 1; United States, 2) were randomly allocated to undergo radiofrequency obliteration (RFO) or stripping and high ligation (S&L). Final analysis included data for 44 limbs in the RFO group and 36 limbs in the S&L group. Follow-up examinations were performed at 72 hours, 1 week, 3 weeks, and 4 months. All patients completed the CIVIQ2 quality-of-life (QOL) questionnaire and underwent clinical and ultrasound examinations at each follow-up visit.
Immediate success on the day of treatment was reported for 95% (42 of 44) of limbs in the RFO group and 100% (36 of 36) of limbs in the S&L group. In seven RFO limbs (16.3%) a scan obtained 72 hours after the procedure showed flow in the proximal GSV. Five of these segments had reflux in the open segment. At 1 week two of these closed, and an additional segment closed at 3 weeks. In no cases did flow reappear after complete occlusion of the GSV. Time to return to normal activities was significantly less in the RFO group (mean, 1.15 days; 95% confidence interval CI, 0.05-2.34) compared with the S&L group (mean, 3.89 days; CI, 2.67-5.12;
P = .02). In the RFO group, 80.5% of patients returned to routine activities of daily living within 1 day, compared with 46.9% of patients in the S&L group (
P < .01). Patients in the RFO group were able to return to work in 4.7 days (CI, 1.16-8.17), compared with 12.4 days (CI, 8.66-16.23) for the S&L group (
P < .05). Analysis of the QOL surveys showed statistically significant differences in favor of the RFO group for global score and pain score during follow-up. The magnitude of the difference, however, progressively decreased between 1 week and 4 months.
In the absence of significant complications, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, severe neuritic sequelae, and skin burns, there are significant early advantages to endovascular obliteration of the GSV compared with conventional vein stripping.
Temperature accelerated lifetime measurements are applied to conjugated polymer based bulk heterojunction solar cells. The short circuit current under white light illumination is monitored over time ...for different temperatures, ranging from 40 C to 105 C. An Arrhenius type dependence of the degradation constant with temperature is observed and an activation energy Ea of {/content/VYJD9RF1A2UD027G/xxlarge8764.gif}350 meV is derived.
As part of an ongoing program to constrain the factors affecting phase stability in nuclear waste containment glasses, the thermodynamic and kinetic factors influencing molybdenum oxide solubility in ...a borosilicate melt have been studied. A simplified system has been chosen to study how Mo oxide is transferred from solid effluent residues (calcines) to glass. The model calcines used are pure Na2MoO4 and a more complex mixture of Na2MoO4 and Al-bearing phases. These solid residues are mixed with a borosilicate glass frit and heat treated isothermally at temperatures in the range 700–1000 °C for times ranging from 2 min to 8 h. The mineralogy of the mixtures has been followed as a function of temperature and time using XRD and 27Al and 23Na MAS NMR spectroscopy, while the structure and composition of the amorphous phase have been studied by 11B MAS NMR and electron microprobe. The results obtained illustrate that while the dissolution of Al-rich calcines can modify the structure of the borosilicate network this does not affect either the MoO3 content of the liquid at saturation, or the characteristic time-scale required to reach saturation. In detail, the variation of the Mo content of the liquid at saturation can be described by an Arrhenian temperature dependence with an activation energy of 30 ± 5 kJ/mol and the time-scale required to reach saturation, can be described by an exponential function of time. This time-scale also shows Arrhenian temperature dependence with an activation energy of 225 ± 25 kJ/mol, a value identical within uncertainty to that associated with viscous flow. Using the experimental results, a numerical model for dissolution along variable temperature-time paths has been developed. These models indicate that for systems that are capable of complete dissolution grain-size is one of the most important parameter controlling the efficiency of the dissolution process.
The third
and the Mucosal Immune System (ECMIS) meeting was held at Ghent University in Belgium from 2 to 5 June 2019. It brought together an international group of scientists interested in ...mechanisms of colonization, host response, and vaccine development. ECMIS distinguishes itself from related meetings on these enteropathogens by providing a greater emphasis on animal health and disease and covering a broad range of pathotypes, including enterohemorrhagic, enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, enteroaggregative, and extraintestinal pathogenic
As it is well established that the genus
represents a subspecies of
, these organisms along with related enteroinvasive
are also included. In addition,
, a periodontal pathogen, was presented as an example of a pathogen which uses its surface glycans for mucosal interaction. This review summarizes several highlights from the 2019 meeting and major advances to our understanding of the biology of these pathogens and their impact on the host.
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