Few data exists on predictive factors of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in real-world acute ischemic stroke patients. The aims of this study were: (i) to identify predictive variables of HT (ii) to ...develop a score for predicting HT.
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, radiographic, and laboratory data of patients with acute ischemic stroke consecutively admitted to our Stroke Unit along two years. Patients with HT were compared with those without HT. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of HT on CT scan at 24 hours to develop a practical score.
The study population consisted of 564 patients with mean age 77.5±11.8 years. Fifty-two patients (9.2%) showed HT on brain CT at 24 hours (4.9% symptomatic). NIHSS score ≥8 at Stroke Unit admission (3 points), cardioembolic etiology (2 points), acute revascularization by systemic thrombolysis and/or mechanical thrombectomy (1 point), history of previous TIA/stroke (1 point), and major vessel occlusion (1 point) were found independent risk factors of HT and were included in the score (Hemorrhagic Transformation Empoli score (HTE)). The predictive power of HTE score was good with an AUC of 0.785 (95% CI: 0.749-0.818). Compared with 5 HT predictive scores proposed in the literature (THRIVE, SPAN-100, MSS, GRASPS, SITS-SIC), the HTE score significantly better predicted HT.
NIHSS score ≥8 at Stroke Unit admission, cardioembolism, urgent revascularization, previous TIA/stroke, and major vessel occlusion were independent predictors of HT. The HTE score has a good predictive power for HT. Prospective studies are warranted.
The increasing attention towards climate change and greenhouse gas emissions makes the exploitation of renewable energy sources one of the key pathways for sustainable power generation or chemical ...production ...
Rapid industrialization, technological advancement, and innovation have led to a significant rise in carbon emissions globally, resulting in the growing problem of climate change. With the ...advancement of nanotechnology, the adsorption is becoming an effective strategy to directly capture CO2 with nanomaterials. This mini-review deals with the investigation for physical adsorption, amine-modified nanomaterials for chemisorption, and moisture-swing nanomaterials for chemisorption. The purpose is to highlight the current technologies available for a simple, environmentally safe, non-toxic, low-cost CO2 capture. In detail, this study examines several CO2 capture nanomaterials with an emphasis on economical and environmentally safe low to high temperature solid adsorbents.
Waste gasification is considered one of the most promising potential routes for the fuel gas production since it represents one of the most powerful and reliable approaches for the biomass ...conversion. Tar is the undesirable, but unavoidable, by-product of the gasification processes. not only does it lower the overall energy conversion efficiency, but it also leads to potential contamination and clogging problems, thus It is of paramount importance to remove it. Tar can be converted into gases by catalytic cracking, which has become a hot research topic in biomass pyrolysis and gasification technologies. Various tar cracking catalysts have been extensively studied and current advances in the study of nanomaterials have attracted wide interest for their catalytic properties compared to their bulk counterparts: in particular, the supported transition metal NanoParticles show the best catalytic characteristics for tar cracking. This work gives a comprehensive overview of the most promising nanocatalysts for tar removal reported in the litterature: it reviews the different synthesis methods and the catalytic properties of the produced nanocatalysts, thus providing useful information for the understanding of the most promising routes for an efficient conversion of biomass tar into combustible gas.
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