BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is an unequalled way of providing ideal food for the healthy growth and development of infants. World Health Organization (WHO) recommend exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for ...six months which has a great contribution in reducing under five mortality, which otherwise leads to death of 88/1000 live birth yearly in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess prevalence of EBF and associated factors in mothers in the city of Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 10 to 25 June 2012 among mothers who delivered 12 months earlier in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia. A cluster sampling technique was used to select a sample of 819 participants. Data were collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire by face-to-face interview technique. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to check associations and control confounding. RESULTS: Of 819 mother-infant pairs sampled, the overall age appropriate rate of EBF practice was found to be 50.3%. Having a young infant aged 0-1 month (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI = 1.54, 9.24) and 2-3 months (AOR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.71, 4.58), being a housewife (AOR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.48, 3.16), having prenatal EBF plan (AOR = 3.75, 95% CI = 2.21, 6.37), delivering at a health facility (AOR = 3.02, 95% CI = 1.55, 5.89), giving birth vaginally (AOR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.40, 3.87) and receiving infant feeding counseling/advice (AOR = 5.20, 95% CI = 2.13, 12.68) were found to be significantly associated with EBF practice. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was low in Bahir Dar. Strengthening infant feeding advice/counseling both at the community and institutional levels, promoting institutional delivery, providing adequate pain relief and early assistance for mothers who gave birth by caesarean section, and enabling every mother a prenatal EBF plan during antenatal care were recommended in order to increase the proportion of women practicing EBF.
Background
Sub-Saharan African countries, especially the Eastern region, present the dismal picture of neonatal mortality (NM) in the globe. The majority of these deaths could be avoided if effective ...health measures are provided throughout pregnancy and childbirth. Although antenatal care (ANC) is assumed as one of the viable interventions that contribute to neonatal survival, the effect of ANC on NM was not systematically analyzed in Eastern Africa. Thus, the study aimed to determine the pooled effect of ANC on NM in Eastern Africa.
Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and HINARI databases were searched using appropriate keywords from January 1, 1990 to February 12, 2021. Independent authors selected eligible articles and extracted data. The risk of a bias assessment tool for nonrandomized studies was used to assess the quality of the study. Comprehensive meta-analysis version 2 was used for meta-analysis. The random-effect model was employed, and the outcome is expressed as a risk ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
In total, 1149 studies were identified through database search, and only 27 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Having at least 1 ANC visit during pregnancy reduced the risk of neonatal death by 42% compared to their counterparts (RR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.47, 0.71). The pooled prevalence of NM was 8.5% (95% CI 7.3, 9.6), with NM rate of 46.3/1000 live births.
Conclusion
The study indicated that NM might be decreased even with a single ANC visit when compared to no visits. Scaling up ANC services through ANC promotion and tackling service-related barriers could potentially reduce NM in Eastern Africa.
Background: Youth is in a state of rapid physical and psychological change. They have curiosity, enthusiasm and urge to experience new phenomena. As a result, they are more likely to be exposed to ...serious problems including premarital sex with its consequences. So, the aim of this study is to assess prevalence of premarital sex and associated factors among youth residing in Yabello town, southern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from august 10-25, 2012 among out of school youths residing in Yabello town, Southern Ethiopia. Systematic sampling technique was used to select, a sample of 402 participants. Data were collected using a structured and pretested questionnaire by face-to-face interview technique. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to check associations and control confounding. Result: from total of 402 respondents, 289(71.9%) of the respondents were reported to practiced premarital sex. Being male (AOR= 3.20, 95%CI=1.76, 5.82), being employed (AOR= 6.9, 95%CI= 2.40, 19.84) and having sexually experienced peers (AOR= 1.96, 95%CI, 1.13, 3.42) were found to have significant association with premarital sex. Conclusion: Prevalence of premarital sex among out-school youth was found to be high. Being male, being employed and having sexually experienced peers were significantly associated with premarital sex. Rising awareness of youth on the consequence of premarital sex by providing gender balanced information, and encouraging youth to select right friends (peer) were recommended in order to reduce the proportion of youth practicing premarital sex.
Background. Early initiation of breastfeeding is a recommended practice by the World Health Organization (WHO), but in Ethiopia only 52% of the mothers practiced early initiation of breastfeeding. ...Hence, this study aimed to assess prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and the associated factors among mothers in Bahir Dar City, northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers who delivered 12 months before the study began in Bahir Dar City, northwest Ethiopia. A cluster sampling technique was used to select a sample of 819 participants. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results. In this study, the prevalence of early initiation was found to be 87.0%. On multivariate logistic regression, delivering vaginally (AOR = 7.37, 95% CI = 4.24, 13.82) and being knowledgeable on correct initiation time (AOR = 6.08, 95% CI = 3.71, 9.95) were found to be independent predictors of early initiation. Conclusions. Prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding in Bahir Dar city is relatively good but still lower than the national plan. Delivering vaginally and being knowledgeable on correct initiation time were significantly associated with early initiation. Increasing maternal knowledge on correct initiation and providing adequate pain relief and early assistance for mothers who gave birth by C/S were recommended.
PDF
