This paper reports on a search for electroweak diboson (WW/WZ/ZZ) production in association with a high-mass dijet system, using data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s=13 ...TeV. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.5 fb−1, were recorded with the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 at the Large Hadron Collider. The search is performed in final states in which one boson decays leptonically, and the other boson decays hadronically. The hadronically decaying W/Z boson is reconstructed as either two small-radius jets or one large-radius jet using jet substructure techniques. The electroweak production of WW/WZ/ZZ in association with two jets is measured with an observed (expected) significance of 2.7 (2.5) standard deviations, and the fiducial cross section is measured to be 45.1±8.6(stat.)−14.6+15.9(syst.) fb.
Euclid preparation Deshpande, A C; Kitching, T; Hall, A ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
04/2024, Letnik:
684
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This work considers which higher order modeling effects on the cosmic shear angular power spectra must be taken into account for Euclid. We identified the relevant terms and quantified their ...individual and cumulative impact on the cosmological parameter inferences from Euclid. We computed the values of these higher order effects using analytic expressions and calculated the impact on cosmological parameter estimations using the Fisher matrix formalism. We reviewed 24 effects and determined the ones that potentially need to be accounted for, namely: the reduced shear approximation, magnification bias, source-lens clustering, source obscuration, local Universe effects, and the flat Universe assumption. After computing these effects explicitly and calculating their cosmological parameter biases, using a maximum multipole of ℓ = 5000, we find that the magnification bias, source-lens clustering, source obscuration, and local Universe terms individually produce significant (> 0.25σ) cosmological biases in one or more parameters; accordingly, these effects must be accounted for and warrant further investigation. In total, we find biases in Ωm, Ωb, h, and σ8 of 0.73σ, 0.28σ, 0.25σ, and −0.79σ, respectively, for the flat ΛCDM. For the w0waCDM case, we found biases in Ωm, Ωb, h, ns, σ8, and wa of 1.49σ, 0.35σ, −1.36σ, 1.31σ, −0.84σ, and −0.35σ, respectively. These are increased relative to the ΛCDM due to additional degeneracies as a function of redshift and scale.
Measurements of fiducial integrated and differential cross sections for inclusive
W
+
,
W
-
and
Z
boson production are reported. They are based on
25.0
±
0.5
pb
-
1
of
pp
collision data at
s
=
5.02
... TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Electron and muon decay channels are analysed, and the combined
W
+
,
W
-
and
Z
integrated cross sections are found to be
σ
W
+
=
2266
±
9
(stat)
±
29
(syst)
±
43
(lumi)
pb,
σ
W
-
=
1401
±
7
(stat)
±
18
(syst)
±
27
(lumi)
pb, and
σ
Z
=
374.5
±
3.4
(stat)
±
3.6
(syst)
±
7.0
(lumi)
pb, in good agreement with next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD cross-section calculations. These measurements serve as references for Pb+Pb interactions at the LHC at
s
NN
=
5.02
TeV.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A search for decays of the Higgs boson into a pair of new spin-zero particles, H→aa, where the a-bosons decay into a b-quark pair and a muon pair, is presented. The search utilizes 36.1 fb-1 of ...proton–proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. No significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are placed on the branching ratio (δH/δSM) x $\mathcal{B(H→aa→bbμμ)}$, ranging from 1.2 10-4 to 8.4 x 10-4 in the a-boson mass range of 20–60 GeV. Model-independent limits are set on the visible production cross-section times the branching ratio to the bbμμ final state for new physics, δVIS(X) x $\mathcal{B(X→bbμμ)}$, ranging from 0.1 fb to 0.73 fb for mμμ between 18 and 62 GeV.
A 5-year-old patient treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) developed proven pulmonary invasive fungal disease (IFD) due to
Actinomucor elegans
. While completing ALL treatment according to ...AIEOP ALL protocol 2009 for further 15 months, antifungal treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and intermittent additional posaconazole was continued until immune reconstitution 7 months after the end of ALL treatment. Repeated imaging guided treatment decisions. Twenty-six and 19 months after the end of ALL treatment and antifungal treatment, respectively, the patient is still in the first complete remission and shows no signs of active invasive fungal disease (IFD).
Euclid preparation Humphrey, A.; Bolzonella, M.; Fotopoulou, S. ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
03/2023, Letnik:
671
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The
Euclid
Space Telescope will provide deep imaging at optical and near-infrared wavelengths, along with slitless near-infrared spectroscopy, across ~15 000deg
2
of the sky.
Euclid
is expected to ...detect ~12 billion astronomical sources, facilitating new insights into cosmology, galaxy evolution, and various other topics. In order to optimally exploit the expected very large dataset, appropriate methods and software tools need to be developed. Here we present a novel machine-learning-based methodology for the selection of quiescent galaxies using broadband
Euclid I
E
,
Y
E
,
J
E
, and
H
E
photometry, in combination with multi-wavelength photometry from other large surveys (e.g. the
Rubin
LSST). The ARIADNE pipeline uses meta-learning to fuse decision-tree ensembles, nearest-neighbours, and deep-learning methods into a single classifier that yields significantly higher accuracy than any of the individual learning methods separately. The pipeline has been designed to have 'sparsity awareness', such that missing photometry values are informative for the classification. In addition, our pipeline is able to derive photometric redshifts for galaxies selected as quiescent, aided by the 'pseudo-labelling' semi-supervised method, and using an outlier detection algorithm to identify and reject likely catastrophic outliers. After the application of the outlier filter, our pipeline achieves a normalised mean absolute deviation of ≲0.03 and a fraction of catastrophic outliers of ≲0.02 when measured against the COSMOS2015 photometric redshifts. We apply our classification pipeline to mock galaxy photometry catalogues corresponding to three main scenarios: (i)
Euclid
Deep Survey photometry with ancillary
ugriz,
WISE, and radio data; (ii)
Euclid
Wide Survey photometry with ancillary
ugriz,
WISE, and radio data; and (iii)
Euclid
Wide Survey photometry only, with no foreknowledge of galaxy redshifts. In a like-for-like comparison, our classification pipeline outperforms
UVJ
selection, in addition to the
Euclid I
E
–
Y
E
,
J
E
–
H
E
and
u
–
I
E
, I
E
–
J
E
colour-colour methods, with improvements in completeness and the
F
1-score (the harmonic mean of precision and recall) of up to a factor of 2.
Supercooling of liquid hydrogen SEIDEL, G. M; MARIS, H. J; WILLIAMS, F. I. B ...
Physical review letters,
06/1986, Letnik:
56, Številka:
22
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Supercooled liquid H2 experiments with minimized impurity effects are described, and implications for the production of superfluid H2 are discussed. A cylindrical helium-fluid filled chamber with ...copper end plates held at controlled temperatures is designed to levitate 0.05-1 mm diameter range liquid-H2 drops over a determined temperature range, down to 10.6 K. Nucleation rates for the production of the solid phase are determined. It is found that even a small temperature dependence of alpha sub LS has a large effect on lower T nucleation rates, and thereby on superfluid phase production experiments. (R.R.)
We hypothesized that GnRH would increase pregnancy risk (PR) in a split-time AI program for cows in which estrus was not detected. A total of 1,236 suckled beef cows at 12 locations in 3 states ...(Colorado, Kansas, and North Dakota) were enrolled. Before applying the fixed-time AI program, BCS was assessed. Cows were treated on d -7 with a progesterone insert concurrent with 100 μg GnRH and on d 0 with 25 mg PGF plus removal of the insert. Estrus-detection patches were affixed to cows at insert removal. Estrus was defined to have occurred when an estrus-detection patch was >50% colored (activated). Cows in estrus by 65 h ( = 758; 61.3% of all cows) were randomly allocated to 2 treatments: 1) 100 μg GnRH and early + GnRH (E+G; = 373) or 2) AI only at 65 h (early - no GnRH E-G; = 385). The remaining cows were randomly allocated to 2 treatments: 1) 5(L+G; = 252) or 2) AI only at 84 h (late no GnRH L-G; = 226). Pregnancy was determined 35 d after AI via transrectal ultrasound. Pregnancy risk did not differ ( = 0.68) between E+G and E-G cows (61.9 vs. 60.4%, respectively). Conversely, for cows inseminated at 84 h, PR was greater ( = 0.01) in cows that received GnRH (L+G) compared with their herd mates not receiving GnRH (L- G; 41.7 vs. 30.8%, respectively). Of those cows not detected in estrus by 65 h, 42.1% were detected by 84 h, for a total expression of estrus by all cows of 77.6%. Administration of GnRH increased ( < 0.01) PR in cows not detected in estrus by 84 h (+GnRH = 33.4% = 146 vs. no GnRH = 15.0% = 128) but had no effect in cows expressing estrus by 84 h (+GnRH = 65.3% = 103 vs. no GnRH = 61.7% = 97). Neither estrus expression by 65 or 84 h nor PR was influenced by BCS, parity, or days postpartum at AI. Cows had greater PR when they had been detected in estrus before AI, and PR was improved by administration of GnRH at 65 h after insert removal in cows that were not detected in estrus and inseminated at 84 h.
We have investigated the cosmological constraints that can be expected from measurement of the cross-correlation of galaxies with cosmic voids identified in the
Euclid
spectroscopic survey, which ...will include spectroscopic information for tens of millions of galaxies over 15 000 deg
2
of the sky in the redshift range 0.9 ≤
z
< 1.8. We have done this using simulated measurements obtained from the Flagship mock catalogue, the official
Euclid
mock that closely matches the expected properties of the spectroscopic dataset. To mitigate anisotropic selection-bias effects, we have used a velocity field reconstruction method to remove large-scale redshift-space distortions from the galaxy field before void-finding. This allowed us to accurately model contributions to the observed anisotropy of the cross-correlation function arising from galaxy velocities around voids as well as from the Alcock–Paczynski effect, and we studied the dependence of constraints on the efficiency of reconstruction. We find that
Euclid
voids will be able to constrain the ratio of the transverse comoving distance
D
M
and Hubble distance
D
H
to a relative precision of about 0.3%, and the growth rate
fσ
8
to a precision of between 5% and 8% in each of the four redshift bins covering the full redshift range. In the standard cosmological model, this translates to a statistical uncertainty ΔΩ
m
= ±0.0028 on the matter density parameter from voids, which is better than what can be achieved from either
Euclid
galaxy clustering and weak lensing individually. We also find that voids alone can measure the dark energy equation of state to a 6% precision.
Euclid preparation Castro, T; Borgani, S; Dolag, K ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
05/2024, Letnik:
685
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Euclid photometric survey of galaxy clusters stands as a powerful cosmological tool, with the capacity to significantly propel our understanding of the Universe. Despite being subdominant to dark ...matter and dark energy, the baryonic component of our Universe holds substantial influence over the structure and mass of galaxy clusters. This paper presents a novel model that can be used to precisely quantify the impact of baryons on the virial halo masses of galaxy clusters using the baryon fraction within a cluster as a proxy for their effect. Constructed on the premise of quasi-adiabaticity, the model includes two parameters, which are calibrated using non-radiative cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, and a single large-scale simulation from the Magneticum set, which includes the physical processes driving galaxy formation. As a main result of our analysis, we demonstrate that this model delivers a remarkable 1% relative accuracy in determining the virial dark matter-only equivalent mass of galaxy clusters starting from the corresponding total cluster mass and baryon fraction measured in hydrodynamical simulations. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this result is robust against changes in cosmological parameters and against variation of the numerical implementation of the subresolution physical processes included in the simulations. Our work substantiates previous claims regarding the impact of baryons on cluster cosmology studies. In particular, we show how neglecting these effects would lead to biased cosmological constraints for a Euclid-like cluster abundance analysis. Importantly, we demonstrate that uncertainties associated with our model arising from baryonic corrections to cluster masses are subdominant when compared to the precision with which mass–observable (i.e. richness) relations will be calibrated using Euclid and to our current understanding of the baryon fraction within galaxy clusters.
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