Modulators of superconductor ADCs can operate at very high sampling rates, ranging from 20 GHz (today's technologies) to 400 GHz (prospective sub-micron technologies). Such devices are too fast and ...therefore impractical without other superconductor devices capable of processing the data streams at such rates. We discuss various structures of such devices, in particular demultiplexers and decimation filters. We also analyze possible hybrid devices, in which only the front stages contain superconductor components. Encoders and decimation comb filters for single-comparator and time-interleaved modulators were designed, fabricated (at HYPRES, Inc.) and successfully tested. The most recent designs of the decimation filters have a unique modular structure, which allows an assembly of various comb filters handling clock frequencies of about 20 GHz (for a 1 kA/cm/sup 2/ fabrication technology).
The National Synchrotron Light Source II is a third generation light source, which was constructed at Brookhaven National Laboratory. This project includes a highly-optimized 3 GeV electron storage ...ring, linac preinjector, and full-energy synchrotron injector. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics built and delivered the booster for NSLS-II. The commissioning of the booster was successfully completed. This paper reviews fulfilled work by participants.
Results of a comparative study of pore evolution in nanostructured alumina membranes under annealing in a gyrotron microwave system and in conventional furnace are described. Microwave heating has ...resulted in an enhanced mass transport leading to reduction in the surface porosity of the membranes. Evolution patterns for the shape of individual pores are discussed and compared for microwave and conventional annealing. The notably different behavior of the pores suggests that microwave radiation provides an additional driving force for mass transport. The experimentally observed enhancement of mass transport appears to be stronger than predicted by the earlier proposed models.
The effect of copper on the properties of magnets (Pr
0.52
Dy
0.48
)
13
(Fe
65
Co
0.35
)
80.3 −
x
Cu
x
B
6.7
(
x
= 0–10) has been studied. Alloying with copper is shown to decrease the sintering ...temperature and to increase the content of the principal (Pr,Dy)
2
(Fe,Co)
14
B magnetic phase. For compositions with
x
= 1.3–3.3, copper is found to affect the value and sign of the temperature induction coefficient (TIC). It is shown that the effect of copper on the TIC is determined by the substitution of copper ions for iron ions in lattice sites, which are coupled via an antiferromagnetic exchange interaction.
Microscopic size particles of the cholesteric double-stranded DNA (RNA) liquid–crystalline dispersions, containing the ions of the rare earth elements in their content, have been obtained for the ...first time. The properties of these particles differ from those of classical DNA cholesterics noticeably. The local concentration of the rare earth elements in a particle reaches 200
mg/ml. The particles of the liquid–crystalline dispersion of the (DNA–gadolinium) complex maintain the properties for a long time. The combination of the microscopic size of particles, high concentration of gadolinium in particles and their stability opens a way to practical application of this new biomaterial.
The paper is addressed to the actual problem of verification of large-scale data models applied in various industrial areas and specified using popular general-purpose object-oriented languages, such ...as EXPRESS, UML/OCL. Main benefits of information modeling languages (high expressiveness, declarative nature, advanced set of syntactic units) negatively affect the process of automatic verification of the specifications. The known approaches are based on reduction of the original complex problem to some well-known mathematical statement and its solution by existing methods. The performed analytical survey of the existing methods for model verification demonstrates that they cannot be used for solving the problem because of their high computational complexity. A combined method for verification of large-scale data models is proposed in the paper. The method is based on sequential reduction to the several mathematical problem statements: linear programming, constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), Boolean satisfiability (SAT). Usage of the combined method allows to avoid efficiency issues peculiar to the known approaches. At the first step the polynomial complexity methods of integer linear programming are applied to the original large-scale problem and localize the search region for solution by detection of the necessary amount of objects. At the next steps constraints imposed onto relatively small groups of objects can be considered individually, which allows to reduce significantly dimension of the problem. The key problem of estimation of the number of instances intended for generation of correct object collection and its reduction to an integer linear programming problem is investigated in detail. The performed experiments demonstrate prospectivity of the combined computational strategy and efficiency of the proposed method for verification of large-scale data models. The work is supported by RFBR (grant 13-07-00390).
This review demonstrates the possibilities of photodynamic therapy in treatment of non-tumor pathologies using dimeglumine chlorin E6 as a photosensitizer. Initially, the method was invented for the ...treatment of cancer and demonstrated its effectiveness and safety. In present photodynamic therapy successfully used in the treatment of the bronchus, skin, stomach, cervix, larynx cancer. In addition to the treatment of different localization tumors, various studies demonstrated other positive effects of photodynamic therapy: antimicrobial, antimycotic, autoimmune, reparative. In the presented review, dimeglumine chlorin E6, which is a derivative of chlorin e6, acts as a photosensitizer. It demonstrates safety, high selectivity of accumulation in tissues, and is characterized by a short period of excretion from the body. Using of dimeglumine chlorin E6 cans significantly reduce the number of side effects associated with long-term skin phototoxicity.
In this report, we prepared for the first time the orthorhombic Dy
1−
x
Ho
x
MnO
3
single crystals with
x
= 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 using the flux technique. The post-growth processing and ...chemical and structural characterization of the synthesized samples were performed. Also, we examined the samples obtained by their magnetic properties and the magnetic anisotropy in wide ranges of temperatures and magnetic fields.
In the paper, the results of a study of the influence of the magnetic shield magnetization on the relative frequency instability of small-sized rubidium atomic clocks have been presented. The atomic ...clock was placed in a rotating magnetic field, simulating the magnetic situation in the orbit of a navigation satellite, moving in orbit and rotating around its own axis. The magnetization of the magnetic shield of the atomic clock was shown to increase its shielding factor. This result makes it possible to significantly reduce the influence of geomagnetic field variations on the frequency stability of onboard atomic clocks.
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