The effect of in vivo stimulation of the phagocytic system (neutrophils, monocytes and hepatic Kupffer-cells) by inducing phagocytosis of intravenously administered latex particles on lipid ...peroxidation and aortic intimal proliferation was tested in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Three weeks after starting the diet, aortic intimal proliferation was measured by the intimal to medial ratios and by the incorporation of 3Hthymidine, infused into the circulation for the preceding 14 days. Intimal to medial ratios were increased (0.473 +/- 0.023 vs. 0.282 +/- 0.011, P < 0.01) and aortic 3Hthymidine contents were higher (66.8 +/- 3.5 vs. 27.8 +/- 49 counts/min per mg, P = 0.0001) in latex bead-treated than in control animals. Injection of beads transiently increased plasma lipid peroxide levels. At the end of the 3 week experiment, plasma lipid peroxide levels were still elevated and lipid peroxide contents of the aortic walls were higher in the latex-treated rabbits (82.8 +/- 5.8 vs. 46.4 +/- 4.9 nmol/mg cholesterol, latex-treated vs. controls, P = 0.004). These data suggest a significant acceleration of atherogenesis by the stimulated phagocytic system, the mechanism of which may involve lipid peroxidation.
For the identification of particles in the momentum range 0.5–2.5GeV/c, the ALICE experiment uses a Time Of Flight array consisting of Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) in the form of long ...strips. The design of the detector elements is as follows : double stack MRPCs with glass resistive plates and 5 gas gaps of 250μm per stack. The latest results on the performance of these MRPCs are presented. Typical values of time resolution σ are better than 50ps, with an efficiency of 99.9% and a long, more than 1.5kV, streamer-free plateau.
We report an observation of the decay B{sub s}{sup 0}{yields}D{sub s}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} in pp collisions at {radical}(s)=1.96 TeV using 115 pb{sup -1} of data collected by the CDF II detector at the ...Fermilab Tevatron. We observe 83{+-}11(stat) B{sub s}{sup 0}{yields}D{sub s}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} candidates, representing a large increase in statistics over previous measurements and the first observation of this decay at a pp collider. We present the first measurement of the relative branching fraction B(B{sub s}{sup 0}{yields}D{sub s}{sup -}{pi}{sup +})/B(B{sup 0}{yields}D{sup -}{pi}{sup +})=1.32{+-}0.18(stat){+-}0.38(syst). We also measure B(B{sup +}{yields}D{sup 0}{pi}{sup +})/B(B{sup 0}{yields}D{sup -}{pi}{sup +})=1.97{+-}0.10(stat){+-}0.21(syst), which is consistent with previous measurements.
Symbolic manipulation (REDUCE and SCHOONSCHIP) has been applied to the analytic evaluation of the coefficients in the Taylor series expansion of time-correlation functions. These expressions are ...derived for cylindrically and biaxially symmetric particles reorienting in a uniaxial fluid. The possibility of using computer algebra to determine correlation-function moments should make it applicable to various problems in statistical physics.
The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of the utmost importance for rare-event searches and thus critical to the XENONnT experiment. Results of an extensive radioassay program are ...reported, in which material samples have been screened with gamma-ray spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and \(^{222}\)Rn emanation measurements. Furthermore, the cleanliness procedures applied to remove or mitigate surface contamination of detector materials are described. Screening results, used as inputs for a XENONnT Monte Carlo simulation, predict a reduction of materials background (\(\sim\)17%) with respect to its predecessor XENON1T. Through radon emanation measurements, the expected \(^{222}\)Rn activity concentration in XENONnT is determined to be 4.2\(\,(^{+0.5}_{-0.7})\,\mu\)Bq/kg, a factor three lower with respect to XENON1T. This radon concentration will be further suppressed by means of the novel radon distillation system.
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