Abstract
The ‘Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research’ (FAIR), an international accelerator centre, is under construction in Darmstadt, Germany. FAIR will provide high-intensity primary beams of ...protons and heavy-ions, and intense secondary beams of antiprotons and of rare short-lived isotopes. These beams, together with a variety of modern experimental setups, will allow to perform a unique research program on nuclear astrophysics, including the exploration of the nucleosynthesis in the universe, and the exploration of QCD matter at high baryon densities, in order to shed light on the properties of neutron stars, and the dynamics of neutron star mergers. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will investigate collisions between heavy nuclei, and measure various diagnostic probes, which are sensitive to the high-density equation-of-state (EOS), and to the microscopic degrees-of-freedom of high-density matter. The CBM physics program will be discussed.
Abstract
The fundamental properties of dense nuclear matter, as it exists in the core of massive stellar objects, are still largely unknown. The investigation of the high-density equation of state ...(EOS), which determines mass and radii of neutron stars and the dynamics of neutron star mergers, is in the focus of astronomical observations and of laboratory experiments with heavy-ion collisions. Moreover, the microscopic degrees-of-freedom of strongly interacting matter at high baryon densities are also unknown. While Quantum-Chromo-Dynamics (QCD) calculations on the lattice find a smooth chiral crossover between hadronic matter and the quark-gluon plasma for high temperatures at zero baryon chemical potential, effective models predict a 1st order chiral transition with a critical endpoint for matter at large baryon chemical potentials. Up to date, experimental data both on the high-density EOS and on a possible phase transition in dense baryonic matter are very scarce. In order to explore this terra incognita, dedicated experimental programs are planned at future heavy-ion research centres: the CBM experiment at FAIR, and the MPD and BM@N experiments at NICA. The research programs and the layout of these experiments will be presented. The future results of these laboratory experiments will complement astronomical observations concerning the EOS, and, in addition, will shed light on the microscopic degrees of freedom of QCD matter at neutron star core densities.
The 'Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research' (FAIR) in Darmstadt will provide unique research opportunities for the investigation of fundamental open questions related to nuclear physics and ...astrophysics, including the exploration of QCD matter under extreme conditions, which governs the structure and dynamics of cosmic objects and phenomena like neutron stars, supernova explosions, and neutron star mergers. The physics program of the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment is devoted to the production and investigation of dense nuclear matter, with a focus on the high-density equation-of-state (EOS), and signatures for new phases of dense QCD matter. According to the present schedule, the CBM experiment will receive the first beams from the FAIR accelerators in 2025. This article reviews promising observables, outlines the CBM detector system, and presents results of physics performance studies.
The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment will be one of the major scientific pillars of the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt. The goal of the CBM research ...program is to explore the QCD phase diagram in the region of high baryon densities using high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. This includes the study of the equation-of-state of nuclear matter at neutron star core densities, and the search for the deconfinement and chiral phase transitions. The CBM detector is designed to measure rare diagnostic probes such as hadrons including multi-strange (anti-) hyperons, lepton pairs, and charmed particles with unprecedented precision and statistics. Most of these particles will be studied for the first time in the FAIR energy range. In order to achieve the required precision, the measurements will be performed at very high reaction rates of 1 to 10 MHz. This requires very fast and radiation-hard detectors, a novel data read-out and analysis concept based on free streaming front-end electronics, and a high-performance computing cluster for online event selection. The physics program and the status of the proposed CBM experiment will be discussed.
Abstract
In 2022, the Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron (BM@N) experimental setup at JINR (Dubna) will be ready in its full configuration to investigate heavy-ion interactions. At the same time, the ...accelerator complex of the Booster and Nuclotron is being prepared to accelerate and deliver extracted heavy-ion beams to the BM@N fixed target zone. One of the physics objectives, which BM@N will be able to pursue, is measurement of the (multi)strange hyperon excitation functions, i.e. hyperon yields at different energies. These measurements can help to determine the equation of state of the high-density baryonic matter. In this paper, the results of the Monte Carlo simulation of the BM@N detector performance for studying strangeness production in heavy-ion interactions in future runs are presented.
QCD Matter Physics at FAIR Senger, P.
Nuclear physics. A,
November 2017, 2017-11-00, Letnik:
967
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment will be one of the major scientific pillars of the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt. The goal of the CBM research ...program is to explore the QCD phase diagram in the region of high baryon densities using high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. This includes the study of the equation-of-state of nuclear matter at neutron star core densities, and the search for the deconfinement and chiral phase transitions. The CBM detector is designed to measure rare diagnostic probes such as hadrons including multi-strange (anti-) hyperons, lepton pairs, and charmed particles with unprecedented precision and statistics. Most of these particles will be studied for the first time in the FAIR energy range. In order to achieve the required precision, the measurements will be performed at very high reaction rates of 1 to 10 MHz. This requires very fast and radiation-hard detectors, a novel data read-out and analysis concept based on free streaming front-end electronics, and a high-performance computing cluster for online event selection. The status of FAIR and the physics program of the proposed CBM experiment will be discussed.
In the near future, the Nuclotron at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna will deliver heavy-ion beams with kinetic energies up to 3.8 A GeV. In Au + Au collisions at these beam ...energies, a dense nuclear fireball will be created, which allows to investigate the high-density equation-of-state (EOS) of nuclear matter in the laboratory, which will shed light on the properties of compact stellar objects. Moreover, signatures for the onset of deconfinement might be observable at the densities reached in those collisions. The Baryonic Matter at the Nuclotron (BM@N) experiment is being upgraded for the measurement of Au + Au collisions at the highest energies and beam intensities available at the Nuclotron. The research and upgrade program together with physics performance studies of the BM@N experiment are presented.
We cover here the present state-of-the-art in constraining the nuclear equation-of-state (EoS) and the symmetry energy using heavy-ion collisions (HIC), from sub- to supra-saturation densities, from ...Fermi to (ultra-) relativistic beam energies. We also discuss how HIC constraints on the EoS contribute to the knowledge of thermodynamical properties of neutron star matter. Necessary improvements and challenges are outlined, in particular in the perspective, for HICs, of staying competitive with future astrophysical multimessenger observations.
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