The paper presents new records of 24 vascular plant species from 11 Eurasian countries. One taxon (Orobanche laxissima) is reported from Armenia; one (Epipactis condensata) from Azerbaijan; two ...(Phragmites americanus, Polygala multicaulis) from Belarus; one (Stipa caucasica) from Egypt; one (Puccinellia hauptiana) from Kyrgyzstan; three (Aquilegia xinjiangensis, Geranium saxatile, Ranunculus songaricus) from Mongolia; one (Stipa roborowskyi) from Pakistan; three (Echinochloa muricata, Erigeron acris subsp. podolicus, Hypericum majus) from Poland; six from Russia, whereof one (Zanthoxylum armatum) from the European part of Russia and five (Chaerophyllum aureum, Elsholtzia densa, Poa compressa, Ranunculus subrigidus, Viola sororia) from the Asian part of Russia; two (Ludwigia repens, Sagittaria latifolia) from Slovakia; and three (Rubus ambrosius, Rubus camptostachys, Rubus perrobustus) from Ukraine. For each species, synonyms, general distribution, habitat preferences, taxonomy with remarks on recognition and differentiation of the species from the most similar taxa occurring in a given country, as well as a list of recorded localities (often far from the previously known areas), are presented.
The choice of beryllium-based material for the use in X-ray optics has been substantiated based on electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction data. The first results of applying refraction lenses made ...of this material are reported.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (generally known as cachectin) was noted as a hallmark since thetime of its discovery and still retains its position as one of the most intensely studied molecules in the ...field ofbiomedicine. TNFα is considered a prototype molecule of the family which, on the one hand, plays an importantrole in regulating normal differentiation, growth and metabolism of various cells, and on the other hand, actsas mediator of inflammatory processes in various human diseases. Intensive interdisciplinary studies of TNFαbiological role and therapeutic use have led to understanding of its polyfunctional effects and establishment ofits leading role in immune pathogenesis of diseases, which was the basis for the development of “anticytokine”therapy with highly specific monoclonal antibodies. We aimed for a search of literature in the field of studyingTNFα structure and properties, its role under normal conditions, in different diseases and therapy. Theliterature studies were performed using scientific searching systems and databases. The results are as follows:the role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in human body in normal and pathological state was considered.Possible TNF-inducible signaling pathways, as well as existing inhibitors based on monoclonal antibodies forthe treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases are described. In conclusion, intensiveinterdisciplinary studies of TNFα biological functions in normal state and diseases are still relevant today,despite huge knowledge gained on this subject. Undisputable progress in understanding the functional multiplicity of TNFα as a participant in regulationof various physiological and pathological processes in the human body has promoted development ofbiological agents, i.e., the tumor necrosis factor inhibitors based on monoclonal antibodies, which proved tobe highly effective drugs for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases, thus being effective and safebiopharmaceuticals.
Using emission Mössbauer spectroscopy on
119mm
Sn(
119m
Sn) and
119
Sb(
119
mSn) isotopes, the electron exchange process between neutral and doubly ionized
U
–
tin centers is studied in partially ...compensated PbS
z
Se
1–
z
solid solutions. The activation energy of this process for compositions with
z
≈ 1 is comparable to the deposition depth of the tin energy levels in the band gap of PbS (~0.11(1) eV, and for compositions with
z
≈ 1, it is comparable with the correlation energy of donor
U
–
tin centers in PbSe (~0.05(1) eV). For all compositions of solid solutions, the exchange is realized by the simultaneous transfer of two electrons with the use of the delocalized states of the valence band.
PTPN22 encodes a lymphoid protein tyrosine phosphatase LYP. Association of the PTPN22 polymorphism C1858T with type 1 diabetes mellitus was investigated using the transmission disequilibrium test ...(TDT) and a comparative analysis of the allele and genotype frequency distributions. The study involved two groups of families from Russian populations of Moscow and Samara with concordantly (27 families) and discordantly (62 families) affected sibs, as well as groups of type 1 diabetes patients and healthy individuals. The association of the PTPN22 polymorphism with type 1 diabetes was not significant by TDT analysis, but was significant by comparison of the allele and genotype frequency distributions. Thus, a case-control analysis detected an association of the PTPN22 polymorphism C1858T with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Russians.
Multilayer Si/Ge heterostructures with the thickness of Ge layers varying from 2 to 12 monolayers (MLs) were formed by molecular beam epitaxy on the (001) Si substrates at 300 °C (Ge) and 450 °C ...(Si). Using conventional and aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, x-ray reflectometry and x-ray standing waves, a thorough study of the Si/Ge heterostructures was performed. Optical properties of the heterostructures were probed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. It is shown that the growth of Ge layers up to a thickness of 5 ML occurs through the Frank–van der Merwe mechanism. For thicker Ge layers the growth mechanism of the Si–Ge heterostructure changes to Stranski–Krastanov with Si–Ge islands having the shape of inverted pyramids. We discuss the intermixing of Si and Ge due to stress induced interdiffusion. An explanation of the influence of the observed structural peculiarities on the PL spectra of the heterostructures is given.
Monolayers of porphyrin-fullerene dyad molecules with zinc atoms incorporated into the porphyrin ring (ZnDHD6ee) on the surface of aqueous subphase and on Si substrates have been investigated by the ...X-ray standing-wave method and X-ray reflectometry. The experiments have been performed under laboratory conditions and on synchrotron radiation sources (KMC-2 station of BESSY II (Berlin) and Langmuir station at the National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”). Depth distributions of Zn atoms and electron density in the monolayer film are calculated. On the basis of the analysis of these distributions, it is concluded that ZnDHD6ee dyad molecules in monolayers have preferential orientation. The data obtained indicate that the molecules in monolayer film retain their orientation when the monolayer is transferred from a liquid subphase surface onto a solid substrate.
Tin atoms formed after the radioactive decay of the
119mm
Sn and
119
Sb impurity atoms in the structure of Ge
x
S
1 −
x
and Ge
x
Se
1 −
x
glasses are stabilized in the form of Sn
2+
and Sn
4+
centers ...or in germanium nodes (after
119mm
Sn decay), or in the nodes of structural units formed by
119
Sb atoms. The Sn
2+
and Sn
4+
centers correspond to the ionized states of amphoteric two-electron tin center with negative correlation energy.
119
Sn atoms formed after the radioactive decay of the
119m
Te atoms in the structure of Ge
x
S
1 −
x
and Ge
x
Se
1 −
x
glasses are stabilized in both chalcogen and germanium nodes.
Emission Mössbauer
61
Cu(
61
Ni) spectra of simple MgO, NiO, Cu
2
O, CuO oxides and superconducting La
2 −
x
Sr
x
CuO
4
, Nd
2 −
x
Ce
x
CuO, and YBa
2
Cu
3
O
7 −
x
copper metal oxides have been ...measured. It has been shown that emission Mössbauer spectroscopy on isotopes
61
Cu(
61
Ni) makes it possible to determine the parameters of the electric gradient field tensor and magnetic field values in the copper sites of lattices of high-temperature superconductors and related materials.
MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES ON KIDNEY STONES Romanova, Yu M; Mulabaev, N S; Tolordava, E R ...
Molekulârnaâ genetika, mikrobiologiâ i virusologiâ,
2015, Letnik:
33, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The clinical material obtained surgically in patients with kidney stone disease (KSD) was tested for content of the stone microflora using PCR and standard microbiological methods. It was ...demonstrated that about 50% of stones in patients with KSD were infected with various infection agents as observed using standard microbiological and molecular genetic methods. The percentage of detection of the Mycoplasma hominis using cultural method is lower than the percentage detected using PCR, which is due to difficult isolation and cultivation, as well as DNA fragments of mycoplasma observed after antibiotic therapy. Studies based on modern microscopy methods showed that microorganisms on the surface of the kidney stone formed multispecies biofilms.
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