Acute and chronic steroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease (srGVHD) is a life-threatening complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. There are a number of reports on case series ...describing efficacy of ruxolitinib in both acute and chronic srGVHD. We conducted a prospective study (NCT02997280) in 75 patients with srGVHD (32 acute, 43 chronic, 41 adults, and 34 children). Patients with chronic GVHD had severe disease in 83% of cases, and acute GVHD patients had grade III-IV disease in 66% of cases. The overall response rate (ORR) was 75% (95% CI 57-89%) in acute GVHD and 81% (95% CI 67-92%) in chronic. Overall survival was 59% (95% CI 49-74%) in acute group and 85% (95% CI 70-93%). The major risk factors for lower survival were grade III-IV gastrointestinal involvement (29% vs 93%, p = 0.0001) in acute form and high disease risk score in chronic (65% vs 90%, p = 0.038). Toxicity was predominantly hematologic with 79% and 44% of grade III-IV neutropenia in acute and chronic groups, respectively. There was no difference between adults and children in terms of ORR (p = 0.31, p = 0.35), survival (p = 0.44, p = 0.12) and toxicity (p > 0.93). The study demonstrated that ruxolitinib is an effective option in acute and chronic srGVHD and can be used both in adults and children.
Human ring chromosomes are often unstable during mitosis, and daughter cells can be partially or completely aneuploid. We studied the mitotic stability of four ring chromosomes, 8, 13, 18, and 22, in ...long-term cultures of skin fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by GTG karyotyping and aCGH. Ring chromosome loss and secondary aberrations were observed in all fibroblast cultures except for r(18). We found monosomy, fragmentation, and translocation of indexed chromosomes. In iPSCs, aCGH revealed striking differences in mitotic stability both between iPSC lines with different rings and, in some cases, between cell lines with the same ring chromosome. We registered the spontaneous rescue of karyotype 46,XY,r(8) to 46,XY in all six iPSC lines through ring chromosome loss and intact homologue duplication with isoUPD(8)pat occurrence, as proven by SNP genotype distribution analysis. In iPSCs with other ring chromosomes, karyotype correction was not observed. Our results suggest that spontaneous correction of the karyotype with ring chromosomes in iPSCs is not universal and that pluripotency is compatible with a wide range of derivative karyotypes. We conclude that marked variability in the frequency of secondary rearrangements exists in both fibroblast and iPSC cultures, expanding the clinical significance of the constitutional ring chromosome.
To enhance the resistance of a metal-organic frameworks(MOF) to a change in the medium pH composite materials are synthesized from Cu-BTC (MOF-199) and activated carbons of various brands (AR-V, ...AGN-2, ART-1, BAU-A, MeKS). It is shown that the highest stability is exhibited by a material synthesized using activated carbon AR-V with the highest acidity of the surface as a matrix. The targeted increase in the acidity of the surface of carbon matrices due to their preliminary oxidation leads to the formation of metal-organic composite materials more resistant to acidic or alkaline media.
The effect of laser treatment parameters for copper cladding applied by explosive welding and subsequent rolling on a titanium surface on coating structure and phase composition is studied. It is ...shown that the relative (compared with VT1-0 titanium alloy) wear resistance of a coating with an increase in titanium content from 30 to 50% increases at 20°C from 2.9 to 4.4, and at 400°C from 1.7 up to 2.0.
The GdVO3 and GdVO4 catalyst has been prepared via solid-phase synthesis. It has been shown by a complex of physical and chemical methods that or GdVO3, the main one is the phase with the structure ...of the first homologue of the Roldlesden-Popper series of a rhombical distorted perovskite. Orthovanadate of GdVO4 crystallize in the structural type of zircon. The catalytic properties of GdVO3 and GdVO4 are studied in the propane cracking process to form propylene and ethylene. It was found that GdVO3 and GdVO4 has a high selectivity and catalytic properties. It was shown that propane conversion started at 773 K, was only 2% at 873 K, and raising the temperature to 923 K increased propane conversion to 21%. In the presence of GdVO4 and GdVO3, a considerable increase in propane conversion was observed that reached 60% at 923 K. The structure of the catalyst is stable under the conditions of preferential C3H8 reduction. Deactivation was much faster with GdVO3, and it was observed after 20 h of operation at a rate that was slightly slower than the one for GdVO4.
The optical characteristics of vertical cylindrical micropillars with AlGaAs distributed Bragg reflectors and InAs/GaAs quantum dots, which are designed for the fabrication of single-photon sources, ...have been studied. The effect of parameters such as the inclination angle of sidewalls, partial oxidation of AlGaAs layers, and deviation of quantum dots from the central axis of a micropillar on the Purcell factor and the radiation extraction efficiency has been numerically simulated by the finite-difference time-domain method. The allowable ranges of the listed parameters have been determined for cylindrical vertical 920-nm micropillars. The comparison of the calculations performed with the refined refractive indices of the used materials at cryogenic temperatures with the measured characteristics of the fabricated micropillar structures has confirmed the adequacy of the used models.
Features of propane conversion for selective olefin production in the presence of nanofibrous aerogel materials have been studied. The effect of modification of aerogel alumina with titania and ...silica on the catalytic activity and the olefin selectivity in propane conversion at atmospheric pressure has been shown. Low-temperature nitrogen adsorption has revealed that these catalysts have a developed specific surface area of about 300 m
2
/g; water vapor adsorption at 293 K has shown that materials of this type contain 0.2–0.6 mmol/g of acid sites. X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy have revealed that the synthesized materials are an amorphous aerogel with tangled fibers with a thickness of ~6 nm.
Skin fibroblasts from a patient with neurodevelopmental and speech delay, anxiety disorder, macrocephaly, microorchidism, multiple anomalies of internal organs and ring chromosome 13 were ...reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate a clonal stem cell line IMGTi003-A (iTAF6-6). IMGTi003-A pluripotency was demonstrated by three germ layer differentiation capacity in vitro, and this cell line had a mosaic karyotype with 46,XY,r(13) as a predominant cell subpopulation. IMGTi003-A line is a good model for studying of the mitotic instability of the ring chromosome 13.
The human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines, ICGi009-A, ICGi009-B, ICGi013-A and ICGi013-B, were generated from skin fibroblasts of two siblings with intellectual disability. Both patients ...were carriers of CNTN6 gene microdeletion (Kashevarova et al., 2014). iPSC lines have normal karyotype, express pluripotency markers, are able to differentiate in vitro into derivatives of all three germ layers and represent a unique tool to study neurodevelopmental disorders.
This study is focused on the catalytic pyrolysis of poly(vinyl chloride) over LaVO
х
nanostructured systems. LaVO
х
-type catalysts are synthesized by the solid-phase high-temperature interaction of ...the stoichiometric amounts of V
2
O
5
and La
2
O
3
and investigated by various physicochemical methods. The study of poly(vinyl chloride) noncatalytic pyrolysis under atmospheric pressure makes it possible to determine the onset temperature of the intense degradation and the optimum temperature of the pyrolysis of this material. It is shown that the catalytic pyrolysis with the use of LaVO
х
-type catalysts changes the qualitative and quantitative composition of gaseous fraction products so that the proportion of light olefins as the target product is increased while the yield of hydrogen chloride is suppressed by 50% compared with noncatalytic pyrolysis.
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