DOI: 10.17014/ijog.4.3.159-167A numerical model has demonstrated that it can simulate reasonably well earthquake motions at the ground level during a seismic event. The most widely used model is an ...equivalent linear approach. The equivalent linear model was used to compute the free-field response of Adelaide regolith during the 1997 Burra earthquake. The aim of this study is to quantify the amplification at the investigated site. The model computed the ground response of horizontally layered soil deposits subjected to transient and vertically propagating shear waves through a one-dimensional-soil column. Each soil layer was assumed to be homogeneous, visco-elastic, and infinite in the horizontal extent. The results of this study were compared to other studies and forward computation of the geotechnical dynamic parameters of the investigated site. The amplification triggered by the 1997 Burra seismic event was deduced. This study reveals the amplification factor up to 3.6 at the studied site.
DOI: 10.17014/ijog.4.2.81-96A topic of seismic hazard analysis (SHA) is briefly elaborated. A probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is commonly used to assess the ground motion level expected ...with different likelihood at a rock site during a future seismic event. The Incorporating Monte Carlo method into PSHA in an intraplate region (i.e. Adelaide region) is an interesting topic to explore. The result of the analysis using this method is able to characterize the likelihood of seismicity in a targeted region. Furthermore, the results clearly display the seismic ground motions in term of peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity in Adelaide region. The de-aggregation of the analysis suggests two expected severe events for the Adelaide City. The first expected event is an earthquake M5.2 from a distance of 15 km and 25 km from the city. The second expected one corresponds to an earthquake M6.6 occurring 85 km away from the Adelaide City. However, the results of this analysis must be treated carefully due to dubious seismic data catalogue for a relatively large seismic event in Adelaide region.
Axial bearing capacity is an important factor in designing of foundation. It must be able to carry the load of upper structure without any significant deformation due to important role in pile ...design. A part from empirical and numerical methods, axial pile bearing capacity can be predicted by pile driving analyzer test that use wave equation analysis during the test. Prediction of the axial bearing capacity and its distribution can be achieved by combining wave equation analysis with dynamic pile monitoring. This paper compares the axial capacity of pile obtained from PDA records with predicted axial capacities obtained using empirical, numerical, and interpretation of static load test method. The empirical method used NSPT data from bore testing that conduct in site, finite element method that uses in this study is Plaxis 8.6. Both of them was compared with PDA test result of axial bearing capacity. There is a difference value of the calculation results of axial pile bearing capacity and foundation settlement. Comparing with PDA, from empirical method has smallest deviation for axial bearing capacity which equal to -268.45 kN with percentage -6.05%, smallest settlement equal to 0,0044 m. Plaxis result shows that distinction between Qult result equal to -11.00 kN with percentage -0.24% and settlement of foundation equal to 0,005 m. From interpretation of static loading test method smallest deviation for Qult which equal to -40,00 kN, with percentage -0,90%, and smallest settlement equal to 0,0055 m. So, from all method the smallest deviation for Qult and PDA result is used finite element method. This is due to many data parameters has been inputted and analyzed in the Plaxis program, so the results of calculation analysis are more detailed and closer to the situation in the research site. Differences in axial bearing capacity can be caused by the test was carried out which depends on the accuracy of operator and parameters that used in the calculations.
Несущая способность на вдавливание является важным фактором при проектировании фундамента. Он должен нести нагрузку от сооружения без значительных деформаций. Помимо эмпирических и численных методов, несущая способность сваи на вдавливание может быть предсказана с помощью анализатора забивки свай PDA, принцип работы которого основан на оценке параметров волнового уравнения во время испытаний. Прогнозирование несущей способности на вдавливание и ее распределения может быть выполнено путем оценки параметров волнового уравнения при динамическом мониторинге забивки свай. В данной работе сравнивается несущая способность сваи на вдавливание, полученная по данным PDA, с эмпирическими данными, результатами численного моделирования и испытаний статической нагрузкой. Эмпирические данные о несущей способности NSPT были получены по результатам испытаний в скважинах. Численное моделирование выполнено по методу конечных элементов в программном комплексе Plaxis 8.6. Полученные результаты сравнивались с результатами испытаний PDA несущей способности на вдавливание. Выявлено, что результаты расчетов несущей способности свай на вдавливание и осадки фундамента по различным методам оценки различаются. По сравнению с PDA, эмпирический метод имеет наименьшее отклонение, которое составило -268.45 кН или -6.05%. Наименьшая осадка равна 0,0044 м. Результат моделирования в Plaxis показывают, что различие между результатом Qult составило -11.00 кН или -0.24%. Осадка фундамента при этом равна 0,005 м. Для метода статического нагружения наименьшее отклонение Qult было -40,00 кН или -0,90%. А наименьшая осадка составила 0,0055 м. Таким образом, из всех методов наименьшее отклонение для Qult по сравнению с данными динамических испытаний, выполненных с использованием PDA, имеет метод конечных элементов. Это связано с тем, что использовалось большое число исходных параметров, которые были введены в программе Plaxis. Поэтому результаты расчетного анализа более детальны и приближены к ситуации на объекте исследования. Различия в несущей способности на продавливание могут быть вызваны тем, какие именно испытания проводились. Это зависит от квалификации оператора и параметров, которые используются в расчетах.
Aceh is justified as one of the Indonesian provinces with a high level of seismicity. This high seismicity certainly has a severe negative impact on various aspects of human life in Aceh and the ...surrounding areas. Various types of efforts must be carried out to solve and mitigate the problem caused by each earthquake in Aceh and the surrounding areas. One aspect that can be carried out to minimize the hazards of seismic activity is the characterization of the source of the earthquake. This characterization can be used for various purposes for further seismic-related studies, including for studying seismic hazard analysis using the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) method. This research aims to determine the characteristics of the seismic source zones for Aceh and the surrounding areas. Based on the geological setting and seismicity catalog data of Aceh and the surrounding areas, a new model of seismic source zones was developed. This new model proposed for Aceh and the surrounding areas is divided into four zones: shallow background seismic source zones (divided into two source zones), two deep background seismic source zones, two megathrust source zones, and one fault zone, namely the Sumatra fault zone. The results of this study suggest that Zone I and Zone II of shallow background seismic source zones have a-values of 2.36 and 4.7, b-values of 0.545, and Mmax of 7.7 and 6.8. Deep background seismic source zone I has an a-value of 4.43 and a b-value of 0.9 with a maximum magnitude of 7 Mw. Meanwhile, deep background seismic source zone II has an a-value of 3.28 and a b-value of 0.755 with a maximum magnitude of 6.1 Mw. Megathrust seismic source zone I has an a-value of 3.53 and a b-value of 0.691 with a Mmax of 7.7 Mw. Meanwhile, the megathrust seismic source zone II has an a-value of 3.81 and a b-value of 0.702 with a Mmax of 7.1 Mw. Sumatra fault seismic source zone has an a-value of 2.88 and a b-value of 0.615 with a Mmax of 6.7 Mw.
Performance Assessment of Multi-story Building Saidi, Taufiq; Hasan, Muttaqin; Muzhaffar, Imam ...
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology,
08/2023, Letnik:
12, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Any public infrastructure has a set service life limit. In the Indonesian case, the public building has a 50-year design life. This paper presents a performance assessment of a multiple-story ...building in Aceh-Indonesia. A multi-story Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala building was used in this study. This multi-story building structure has been used for more than 24 years since it was built in 1998. This structure is 29.4 m long, 13 m wide, and 14.4 m tall in geometric terms. This study reveals how this three-story building behaves, including displacement, base shear, and structure performance level per ASCE 41-17 criteria. The processes in this study are broken down into various stages, including pushover analysis and comparing the building's current natural frequency. ETABS software was used to model building structures. According to the study, the building's performance is still more or less similar to the initial plan. Pushover in the X-direction (Push X) is believed to be immediate occupancy (IO), and pushover in the Y-direction (Push Y) is believed to be life safety (LS). The pushover analysis results for Push X suggested that the structure is safe and retains rigidity. Push Y indicated minor damage within the life safety category after a service life of 24 years. This pushover analysis indicated that the structure has reduced its rigidity, making it less able to resist further displacement. Based on the base shear, which experiences a displacement that is significantly greater than the estimate at the original planning stage, it is known that stiffness decreases.
Coal mining activities in South Kalimantan produce waste that is very dangerous if not processed wisely. Coal waste produces heavy metals cadmium and mercury that can pollute the environment. Heavy ...metals that enter the human body will cause negative impacts in the field of health such as the disruption of the glycolysis process in humans. The purpose of this study was determine the interaction of heavy metals which is cadmium and mercury against hexokinase enzymes using hexokinase enzymes type I, II, III with PDB ID : 4F9O, 2NZT, 3HM8 taken from Protein Data Bank and using the molecular docking website MIB: Metal Ion Binding Site Prediction and Docking server. Docking results will be visualized using chimera app version 1.15. Molecular docking of the heavy metals cadmium and mercury can interact with all three types of hexokinase enzymes. Cadmium metal ions bind hydrophobicly to amino acid residues of hexokinase enzymes type I, II, and III, while mercury metal ions bind covalently coordinate with amino acid residues of hexokinase enzymes type I and III. Mercury metal ions bind more strongly than cadmium metal ions. Of the three types of hexokinase enzymes, mercury metal ions bind most strongly with hexokinase enzyme type II because mercury ions bind to the active site of the three amino acid residues of hexokinase enzymes type II.Keywords: Cadmium ; hexokinase enzyme ; mercury ; molecular docking
Abstract
The potential of avocado in Indonesia is very promising, where market needs are far above existing production and supply. This production is directly related to the sustainability of the ...avocado itself, therefore the sustainability of avocado farming needs to be considered. The sustainability of the farming cannot be separated from the influence of socio-economic factors. The purpose of this study was to determine and measure the influence of socio-economic factors in influencing the sustainability of avocado farming. The research location was carried out purposively, and the location sampling was clustered. The method of determining the sample of respondents using stratified random sampling with a number of 125 avocado farmers. Retrieval of data, both independent and dependent variables, used direct data in the field. The data is scaled using the linkert scale. Data analysis was using path analysis. The results of the path analysis showed that socio-economic factors had an effect on the sustainability of avocado farming, with a standardized regression coefficient of 0.35 and p value <0.05. All of these indicators have an effect with each coefficient value of 1.00; 1.12; 1.01; 1.03; 1.04. Based on these data, it can be concluded that social-economic factors in the research area have an influence on sustainability, such as good production will lead to optimal prices, so that with optimal prices, the selling price will also be optimal as well. Likewise, with institutions and counseling, the existence of capital, and good relations between avocado farmers will have a direct effect on production.
A representative sub-surface shear wave velocity model is crucial for seismic hazard studies, as seismic waves are affected by sub-surface characteristics. The offered data in this article were ...mainly developed based on a quasi-static cone penetration test (q-CPT) collected at the west coast town of Aceh, Indonesia. Microtremor datasets measured at the same locations were employed to extend the depth of the sub-surface models and to validate the models. The in-situ q-CPT data were collected using a locally manufactured Begemann's type cone penetration test apparatus. Twenty seven (27) q-CPT soundings were performed to typical depths of 20 m or measuring cone tip resistances of at least 150 kg/cm2. Several empirical approaches were employed to deduce the sub-surface parameters, including shear wave velocity. To enhance the sub-surface model depth, 23 in-situ microtremor data were recorded using 3 components (3C) of Geobit S100 and RaspberrySHAKE (RS-3D) seismometers at the same locations where the q-CPTs were sounded. At the same time, these microtremor datasets were also utilized to validate the developed sub-surface shear wave velocity models using the forward modeling method. Therefore, all the proposed sub-surface shear wave models presented in this article have been validated. These sub-surface shear wave velocity models can be used for site characterization, i.e., site response analysis, seismic microzonation, or spatial urban planning.
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is a protein that is essential in the replication and transcription processes of SARS-CoV-2. RdRp inhibitors must be sought, particularly in the identification of ...active substances in herbal or human dietary sources. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular docking of phytochemistry from the leaves of Sauropus androgynus against the RdRp protein.
This in silico study was performed using AutoDock Tools 1.5.7, AutoDock Vina v1.2.3 software, and BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer 4.1.
Afzelin, kaempferol, and trifolin were found as phytochemistry in Sauropus androgynus leaves. Among the three flavonoid molecules, afzelin has the lowest negative binding affinity (−7.677 kcal/mol), followed by trifolin (−6.906 kcal/mol) and kaempferol (−6.65 kcal/mol). All three flavonoid compounds have a binding affinity that is more negative than the three conventional drugs (favipiravir, remdesivir, ribavirin).
Flavonoid from the leaves of Sauropus androgynus leaves can be utilized as candidate for herbal or complementary medicine as an inhbitor of RdRp for COVID-19 treatment.
Due to its continuous data recording capability, excellent repeatability and accuracy, relatively low cost and simplicity of operation, the cone penetration test (CPT) offers enhanced liquefaction ...assessment over its predecessor the standard penetration test (SPT). However, soil ageing, which influences the cyclic resistance ratio (CRR), is difficult, if not impossible, to be detected by the CPT due to disturbance during the test. This situation may lead to excessively conservative estimation of CRR values which result in conservative assessment of liquefaction potential. This paper presents and discusses liquefaction assessment using the CPT and methods for accounting for soil ageing. A field study, conducted at Gillman, South Australia, is presented and the study site is assessed for liquefaction potential. This paper also explores the influence of soil ageing on the subsequent liquefaction assessment.
PDF
