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•Ligand anchoring facial adsorbent was efficient for Co(II) ion detection and removal.•The higher sorption capacity of the Co(II) ions was observed at higher pH regions.•Maximizing ...the Co(II) ion capturing from solution by optimizing the conditions.•This adsorbent provided a simple and effective treatment for Co(II) containing water.
Ligand anchored functional nanomaterials are increasingly gaining interest as efficient materials for various types of toxic pollutants. In this study, the organic ligand of N,N′di(3-carboxysalicylidene)-3,4diamino-5-hydroxypyrazole was densely anchored onto the mesoporous silica by the building-block approach as facial adsorbent, characterized and then examined for the cobalt (Co(II)) ion detection and removal from aqueous solutions. The fixed-time approach was employed for analytical signal measurement in the detection operation. At optimum conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.002–0.10mg/L Co(II) and the limit of detection was also achieved at 0.24μg/L. Moreover, the diverse ions did not show any significant absorbance intensity. Therefore, the established facial adsorbent provided a simple, rapid, cheap and sensitive method for Co(II) detection and could be used to detect Co(II) ions in the environment. This study also examined the possibility of using facial adsorbent to remove low concentrations of Co(II) ions from water solution. The sorption capacity was significantly affected by solution acidity, contact time and initial Co(II) ion concentration. The higher sorption capacity of the Co(II) ions was observed at higher pH regions. The sorption isotherms fit the Langmuir sorption model well and the maximum Co(II) ion sorption capacity was 157.73mg/g. The effective eluent of 0.20M HCl was used to elute the Co(II) from the facial adsorbent, and the adsorbent was simultaneously regenerated into the initial form after rinsing with water. The elution and regeneration showed that the adsorbent could be reused without significant losses of its initial properties even after 8 sorption–elution–reuse cycles. Therefore, the facial adsorbent could be used as a promising adsorbent for fast Co(II) ion detection and removal and might provide a simple and effective method for the treatment of water containing Co(II).
•Novel ligand was used for preparing a new type mesoporous adsorbent.•Selective monitoring and removal of Pb(II) ions from multi-ion mixtures were evident.•Adsorbent was shown reusability in many ...cycles without significant deterioration.
An efficient material is needed to develop selective and effective sensing/removal systems with high flexibility, and low capital cost for control the capturing of toxic ions. In this study, we designed ligand immobilized mesoporous adsorbent for ultra-trace Pb(II) monitoring and removal from wastewater. The adsorbent was synthesized by indirect immobilization of 4-tert-octyl-4-((phenyl)diazenyl)phenol onto inorganic mesoporous silica. This adsorbent exhibited the large surface area-to-volume ratios and uniformly shaped pores in case cavities, and its active sites kept open functionality to taking up Pb(II). The applicability of the adsorbent for Pb(II) detection and removal was assessed, and the efficient parameters such as solution pH, contacting time, initial Pb(II) concentration and ionic strength of competing ions were measured. The effective pH range for detection and removal systems was at the neutral region. The data revealed that the adsorbent was able to detect the ultra-trace Pb(II) ions with high sensitivity and selectivity by charge transfer (intense π–π transition) transduction mechanism. Then the adsorbent proved to have an efficient ability for continuous Pb(II) monitoring and removal even on-site and in situ chemical analyses. The maximum sorption capacity and limit of detection were 200.80mg/g and 0.12μg/L, respectively. The adsorbent was reused in several cycles without significant deterioration after elution with a suitable eluent (0.10M HCl). Therefore, the design of mesoporous adsorbent has a great potentiality to be used in selective Pb(II) detection/removal from wastewater. Large-scale studies are recommended to confirm these promising results from the laboratory scale.
•We use mesoporous titania as a carrier for accommodating dithizone (Dz) without coupling agent.•We fabricate one sensor system using one probe to detect multi-metals with the naked eye.•Our sensor ...display high sensitivity and selectivity of a wide range of detectable metals analyte.•The sensor provided extraordinary sensitivity to some metal ions in the post-mortem samples.
Simple, rapid, sensitive, precise and accurate spectrophotometeric methods for detection and removal of ultra-traces of some toxic metal ions such as Cu(II), Pb(II), Hg(II) and Cd(II) in water and in biological samples have been developed. The procedure depends on a single-step detection and removal for metal ions based on dithizone (Dz) anchored on mesoporous TiO2 with rapid colorimetric response and high selectivity for the first time. The developed sensor was utilized for the detection of ultra-traces of some toxic metal ions with the naked eye. The new sensor displays high sensitivity and selectivity of a wide range of detectable metals analytes up to 10−9moldm−3 in solution. The proposed method was applied to the determination of the examined metal ions in post-mortem biological samples. Statistical comparison of the results with the reference method shows excellent agreement and indicates no significant difference in accuracy and precision.
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•Organic–inorganic nano-composite adsorbent was fabricated for Ce(III) recovery.•The adsorbent exhibited nano-sized cavities and high functionality in the acidic media.•The Ce(III) ...was captured by naked-eye observation with high sensitivity.•The adsorbent was also highly selective to Ce(III) with fast kinetic performances.
In this study, the organic ligand of 4-dodecyl-6-((4-(hexyloxy)phenyl)diazenyl) benzene-1,3-diol (DPDB) and mesoporous silica have been used to prepare the nano-composite adsorbent. The nano-composite adsorbent was fabricated by indirect immobilization of DPDB onto the mesoporous silica. The adsorbent was applied as an efficient material for the detection and recovery of Ce(III) ions in aqueous solutions. The adsorbent was exhibited fast and specific capturing of Ce(III) ions observable to the naked eye and based on the stable complex formation between DPDB and Ce(III) ions. Several experimental parameters such as solution pH, color optimization with initial concentrations, contact time, foreign ions effect and regeneration studies were systematically performed. The experimental data clarified that the Ce(III) was detected and adsorbed by the adsorbent at pH 2.50. The limit of detection for Ce(III) ions by the adsorbent was 0.12μg/L and the sorption capacity was 150.37mg/g at optimum conditions. The co-existing ions did not affect the Ce(III) detection and sorption and sorption uptake on the adsorbent reached equilibrium with rapid kinetic performances. The adsorbed Ce(III) was completely eluted with 0.30M HNO3 and the adsorbent was regenerated into the initial form at the same time. In addition, the adsorbent was reused for several cycles without significant deterioration in its original functionality. Therefore, the proposed adsorbent allowed the sensitive, selective, easy to use, cost-effective, high efficiency, fast kinetics and stable capturing of Ce(III) ions even in the presence of diverse competing ions. In addition, there was no more secondary sludge produced in this operation and considered the adsorbent as the potential candidate in better replacement technology for capturing Ce(III) ions in a wide range of practical operations.
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Supercapacitors are one of the most promising technologies to meet the requirements of human sustainable development, due to their benefits such as high capacitance and rate ...capability, long cycle life, and low processing cost. Electrode materials play a decisive role in the performance of supercapacitors, that’s why many types of research on electrode materials are critical to supercapacitors. As we go forward toward highly flexible and bendable electronics. Conducting polymer (CP)-based materials are promising materials in supercapacitors because of their unique advantages including good conductivity, flexibility, relatively cheap, easy synthesis, and so on. This review summarizes recent research progress of CPs (including polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANI), and polythiophene (PTh)), the CP-based composites for supercapacitors in purpose and concentrating composites’ effect on supercapacitive parameters, beside diffusion mechanism with the calculations of supercapcitive parameters in every technique. Eventually, we give a brief outline of the development directions of CP-based supercapacitors with suggestions for the future of supercapacitors based on the last decade's research.
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► A feasible control over engineering of adsorbents with cage cubic Im3m mesopores was achieved. ► The mesocage adsorbents can act as a powerful tool for adsorption/removal of organic ...dyes. ► The adsorbents are reversible and offering potential for multiple adsorption assays.
Growing public awareness on the potential risk to humans of toxic chemicals in the environment has generated demand for new and improved methods for toxicity assessment and removal, rational means for health risk estimation. With the aim of controlling nanoscale adsorbents for functionality in molecular sieving of organic pollutants, we fabricated cubic Im3m mesocages with uniform entrance and large cavity pores of aluminosilicates as highly promising candidates for the colorimetric monitoring of organic dyes in an aqueous solution. However, a feasible control over engineering of three-dimensional (3D) mesopore cage structures with uniform entrance (∼5
nm) and large cavity (∼10
nm) allowed the development of nanoadsorbent membranes as a powerful tool for large-quantity and high-speed (in minutes) adsorption/removal of bulk molecules such as organic dyes. Incorporation of high aluminum contents (Si/Al
=
1) into 3D cubic Im3m cage mesoporous silica monoliths resulted in small, easy-to-use optical adsorbent strips. In such adsorption systems, natural surfaces of active acid sites of aluminosilicate strips strongly induced both physical adsorption of chemically responsive dyes and intraparticle diffusion into cubic Im3m mesocage monoliths. Results likewise indicated that although aluminosilicate strips with low Si/Al ratios exhibit distortion in pore ordering and decrease in surface area and pore volume, enhancement of both molecular converges and intraparticle diffusion onto the network surfaces and into the pore architectures of adsorbent membranes was achieved. Moreover, 3D mesopore cage adsorbents are reversible, offering potential for multiple adsorption assays.
To present the long-term results of redo-hypospadias at our tertiary referral center following a failed prior repair.
One hundred sixty-four individuals with a history of unsuccessful repairs ...qualified for our retrospective cohort study. Our inclusion criteria were as follows: pre-operative data that was accessible, redo-hypospadias that was successfully repaired, and at least three years of follow-up at the last hospital visit.
The mean patient age was 91.3 ± 21.1 months. The mean follow-up after successful repair was 41.3 ± 3.1 months. Ninety-two (group A) had one prior repair, and 72 (group B) had 2 or 3 repairs. Group A underwent six primary techniques: 32 underwent Onlay Island Flap (OIF), 10 underwent Mathieu, 12 underwent Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty (TIPU), 8 underwent Urethral Mobilization (UM), and 34 underwent Buccal Mucosal Graft (BMG) { dorsal inlay Graft Urethroplasty (DIGU) in 4 and staged BMG in 30 patients}. In group B, four procedures were used: TIPU in 4, UM in 6, and BMG in 62 (staged BMG in 50 cases and DIGU in 12).
The selected type of repair will depend on many factors, like residual healthy local skin and expertise. Safe techniques for repair of redo hypospadias after its 1st failure include TIPU, Mathieu, UM, OIF, and DIGU for distal varieties. After 2nd or 3rd repair DIGU, UM, and TIPU can be performed in distal types, while staged BMG can be applied for proximal ones.
Interest in smart cities (SCs) and big data analytics (BDA) has increased in recent years, revealing the bond between the two fields. An SC is characterized as a complex system of systems involving ...various stakeholders, from planners to citizens. Within the context of SCs, BDA offers potential as a data-driven decision-making enabler. Although there are abundant articles in the literature addressing BDA as a decision-making enabler in SCs, mainstream research addressing BDA and SCs focuses on either the technical aspects or smartening specific SC domains. A small fraction of these articles addresses the proposition of developing domain-independent BDA frameworks. This paper aims to answer the following research question: how can BDA be used as a data-driven decision-making enabler in SCs? Answering this requires us to also address the traits of domain-independent BDA frameworks in the SC context and the practical considerations in implementing a BDA framework for SCs’ decision-making. This paper’s main contribution is providing influential design considerations for BDA frameworks based on empirical foundations. These foundations are concluded through a use case of applying a BDA framework in an SC’s healthcare setting. The results reveal the ability of the BDA framework to support data-driven decision making in an SC.
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•Novel conjugate material was fabricated for rapid capturing of gold(III) ions.•The AAP-solid sensor was shown high selectivity, sensitivity, and lowest detection limit.•Competition ...studies on the detection of Au(III) ions was also evaluted.
Detection of trace level gold (Au(III)) ion with rapid and cheaper colorimetric detections was performed. Herein, the organic ligand of 4-aminoantipyrine (AAP) was facilely supported onto the mesoporous silica nanospheres as a scaffold. The 4-aminoantipyrine (AAP) was used as a reducing and capping agent for the colorimetric sensing of a trace amount of Au(III) ion. Experimental parameters such as materials characterization, pH, contact time, and interfering ions were measured systametically. The solid sensor was formed significant color upon addition of trace Au(III) ion at optium condition. The obtained data clarified that the material was detected the trace amounts of Au(III) ion based on the detection limit of 84 nmol/L with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.9939, and the linear calibration curve was obtained from 2.50 × 10−9 to 5.00 × 10-7 mol/L. The effect of common interfering ion was evaluated and the data clarified that the presence of diverse metal ions were not interfered in the Au(III) detection. Therefore, the proposed solid sensor was exhibited the high sensitivity and selectivity to the Au(III) ion capturing. Thus the AAP solid sensor is considered as a promising nanomaterial for Au(III) ion detection in urban mining waste samples in solution media.
To assess the efficacy of primary urethral realignment in the prevention of urethral stenosis and in simplifying delayed urethroplasty after complete pelvic fracture urethral injury in male children.
...This randomized comparative trial included 40 boys <18 years with complete pelvic fracture urethral injury. The initial management was a primary urethral realignment in 20 boys and suprapubic cystostomy alone in the remaining 20 boys. The boys who underwent primary urethral realignment were assessed regarding the development of urethral stenosis. Boys who needed to be delayed urethroplasty in the two groups were compared regarding urethral defect length, intraoperative details, postoperative outcomes, number of procedures, and time to achieve normal voiding.
Although 14 (70%) patients were able to void after primary urethral realignment, all of them developed urethral stenosis and needed delayed urethroplasty. No statistically significant difference between the two groups was found regarding urethral defect length, intraoperative details, and postoperative outcomes. Patients in the primary urethral realignment group underwent significantly more procedures (p < 0.001) and took a significantly longer time to achieve normal voiding (p = 0.002).
Primary urethral realignment is neither able to prevent urethral stenosis nor effective in simplifying later urethroplasty after complete pelvic fracture urethral injury in male children. It exposes the patients to more surgical procedures and a prolonged clinical course.
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