Drying of garlic cloves was done using microwave-convective technique, using microwave power of 10–40 W, air temperature of 40–70 °C and at air velocity of 1–2 m/s. The effective moisture diffusivity ...varied from 1.29 to 31.68
×
10
−10 m
2/s. A third order polynomial relationship was found to correlate the effective moisture diffusivity (
D
eff) with moisture content. The
D
eff increased for the same values of drying air temperatures and velocities as the applied microwave power was increased. However,
D
eff decreased at all temperatures and applied microwave power with increase in air velocity. The activation energy in the microwave-convective drying ranged between 4.08 and 10.50 kJ/mol, which was much lower than the convectionally heating activation energy values for moisture diffusivities for most vegetables.
Electrospun nanofibers exhibit a significant potential in the synthesis of nanostructured materials, thereby offering a promising avenue for enhancing the efficacy of wound care. The present study ...aimed to investigate the wound-healing potential of two biomacromolecules, PCL-Gelatin nanofiber adhered with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Characterisation of the nanofiber revealed a mean fiber diameter ranging from 200 to 300 nm, with distinctive elemental peaks corresponding to polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin. Additionally, BMSCs derived from bone marrow were integrated into nanofibers, and their wound-regenerative potential was systematically evaluated through both in-vitro and in-vivo methodologies. In-vitro assessments substantiated that BMSC-incorporated nanofibers enhanced cell viability and crucial cellular processes such as adhesion, and proliferation. Subsequently, in-vivo studies were performed to demonstrate the wound-healing efficacy of nanofibers. It was observed that the rate of wound healing of BMSCs incorporated nanofibers surpassed both, nanofiber and BMSCs alone. Furthermore, histomorphological analysis revealed accelerated re-epithelization and improved wound contraction in BMSCs incorporated nanofiber group. The fabricated nanofiber incorporated with BMSCs exhibited superior wound regeneration in animal model and may be utilised as a wound healing patch.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) incorporated PCL-Gelatin nanofiber scaffolds promoted wound regeneration. Display omitted
The role of natural antioxidants, e.g. Maillard reaction products (MRPs 60
mM/2
h), ascorbic acid (500
ppm), cloves (
Eugenia caryophyllata) (250
mg/100
g), cinnamon (
Cinnamomum zeylanicum) (250
...mg/100
g) and synthetic antioxidants, e.g. tertiary butyl hydroxy quinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) and propyl gallate (PG), at 0.02% level each, in controlling the warmed-over-flavour (WOF), and non-haem iron release, as well as their potential in cooked and refrigerated stored meats from three common domestic species (sheep, beef and pork) has been investigated. MRPs and TBHQ showed good antioxidant activity (82–91%) and were significantly different (
P
<
0.05) from the other treatments in all three species. Significantly (
P
<
0.05) lower values of hexanal and non-haem iron were obtained for MRPs and TBHQ treated samples, which showed ability to control WOF during refrigerated storage. Non-linear correlation regression analysis was performed between non-haem iron, WOF values and antioxidant activity in all three species. Exponential fit equations were established for beef and pork, while for sheep, the relationship was found to be polynomial with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.90 to 0.97 for non-haem iron and WOF, respectively. The susceptibility of these species to lipid oxidation was in the order, pork
>
beef
>
sheep, and the order of antioxidant activity for the natural antioxidants was MRPs
>
cloves
>
ascorbic acid
>
cinnamon; for synthetics it was TBHQ
>
BHA
>
PG.
An efficient method was developed for the one-pot synthesis of novel series of urea derivatives from 4-(4-aminophenyl)-3-morpholinone via
in situ
generated isocyanate through continuous-flow system. ...All the compounds were docked against DNA gyrase enzyme and antimicrobial and antifungal activities were investigated.
The convective and microwave-convective drying of garlic cloves was carried out in a laboratory scale microwave dryer, which was developed for this purpose. The specific energy consumption involved ...in the two drying processes was estimated from the energy supplied to the various components of the dryer during the drying period. The specific energy consumption was computed by dividing the total energy supplied by amount of water removed during the drying process. The specific energy consumption in convective drying of garlic cloves at 70
°C temperature and 1.0
m/s air velocity was estimated as 85.45
MJ/kg of water evaporated. The increase in air velocity increased the energy consumption. The specific energy consumption at 40
W of microwave power output, 70
°C air temperature and 1.0
m/s air velocity was 26.32
MJ/kg of water removed, resulting in about a 70% energy saving as compared to convective drying processes. The drying time increased with increase in air velocity in microwave-convective drying process; a trend reverse to what was observed in convective drying process of garlic cloves.
In laboratory studies, acquired resistance to long-term antihormonal therapy in breast cancer evolves through two phases over 5 y. Phase I develops within 1 y, and tumor growth occurs with either ...17βestradiol (E2) or tamoxifen. Phase II resistance develops after 5 y of therapy, and tamoxifen still stimulates growth; however, E2 paradoxically induces apoptosis. This finding is the basis for the clinical use of estrogen to treat advanced antihormone-resistant breast cancer. We interrogated E2-induced apoptosis by analysis of gene expression across time (2—96 h) in MCF-7 cell variants that were estrogen-dependent (WS8) or resistant to estrogen deprivation and refractory (2A) or sensitive (5C) to E2-induced apoptosis. We developed a method termed differential area under the curve analysis that identified genes uniquely regulated by E2 in 5C cells compared with both WS8 and 2A cells and hence, were associated with E2-induced apoptosis. Estrogen signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and inflammatory response genes were overrepresented among the 5C-specific genes. The identified ERS genes indicated that E2 inhibited protein folding, translation, and fatty acid synthesis. Meanwhile, the ERS-associated apoptotic genes Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (BIM; BCL2L11) and caspase-4 (CASP4), among others, were induced. Evaluation of a caspase peptide inhibitor panel showed that the CASP4 inhibitor z-LEVD-fmk was the most active at blocking E2-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, z-LEVD-fmk completely prevented poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, E2-inhibited growth, and apoptotic morphology. The up-regulated proinflammatory genes included IL, IFN, and arachidonic acid-related genes. Functional testing showed that arachidonic acid and E2 interacted to superadditively induce apoptosis. Therefore, these data indicate that E2 induced apoptosis through ERS and inflammatory responses in advanced antihormone-resistant breast cancer.
This study was conducted to characterize canine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs); in vivo tracking in mice, and therapeutic evaluation in canine clinical paraplegia cases. Canine ...BMSCs were isolated, cultured, and characterized in vitro as per International Society for Cellular Therapy criteria, and successfully differentiated to chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic lineages. To demonstrate the homing property, the pGL4.51 vector that contained luciferase reporter gene was used to transfect BMSCs. Successfully transfected cells were injected around the skin wound in mice and in vivo imaging was done at 6, 12 and 24 hr post MSCs delivery. In vivo imaging revealed that transfected BMSCs migrated and concentrated predominantly toward the center of the wound. BMSCs were further evaluated for allogenic therapeutic potential in 44 clinical cases of spinal cord injuries (SCI) and compared with conventional therapy (control). Therapeutic potential as evaluated by different body reflexes and recovery score depicted significantly better results in stem cell‐treated group compared to control group. In conclusion, allogenic canine BMSCs can serve as potent therapeutic candidate in cell‐based therapies, especially for diseases like SCI, where the conventional medication is not so promising.
Canine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) successfully tracked in excision wounds.
MSCs can be used allogenically for regenerative medicine.
MSCs found very effective for nerve injury cases which are otherwise difficult to treat.
Sensitive and non-enzymatic electrochemical hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was fabricated using molybdenum disulphide (MoS2)-Interconnected porous carbon (ICPC) heterostructure. The structural ...properties of synthesized MoS2, ICPC and MoS2-ICPC materials were examined by various spectroscopy and microscopy techniques. These results confirmed that the support matrix play a crucial role for the formation of different size of MoS2. The structure of MoS2 altered to nanosized while growing on the support matrix. The electrochemical H2O2 sensing characteristics of MoS2-ICPC composite material exhibited superior activity than individual MoS2 and ICPC materials. The results concluded that the interconnected porous carbon might stimulate the structural modification of MoS2 with enhance exposed active edge sites, which is responsible for higher electrochemical activity. The composite material exhibited a detection limit of 11.8 μM H2O2 with higher sensitivity, selectivity, and long-term stability. These results open a novel way to build MoS2-ICPC material for active electrochemical sensor applications.
Display omitted
•Polydispersity size of MoS2 on interconnected porous carbon (ICPC) matrix•MoS2-ICPC exhibits an excitation dependent photoluminescence behavior.•MoS2-ICPC exhibits high activity for H2O2 at low overpotential with high sensitivity.
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