•Existing solutions to job shop scheduling problem (JSSP) are presented.•A variant of ABC algorithm inspired from beer froth decay phenomenon is developed.•The proposed variant is named as Beer froth ...artificial bee colony (BeFABC) algorithm.•A discrete strategy of BeFABC is developed to solve 62 benchmark instances of JSSP.•The performance of BeFABC is evaluated while solving JSSP.
Job-shop scheduling problem (JSSP) is a vital combinatorial optimization problem in the field of machine scheduling. The high complexity of JSSP is attracting researchers since the past few decades and many swarm intelligence (SI) based algorithms have been presented to solve it. Artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) has been proven to be an efficient technique in the field of SI based algorithms. ABC algorithm is attracting researchers because of its performance available in literature in the area of solving real-world optimization problems. This article presents a modified ABC algorithm to solve JSSP. Here, in the onlooker bee phase of ABC, to maintain a proper harmony amid exploration and exploitation capabilities, beer froth phenomenon inspired position update is incorporated. The proposed strategy is named as Beer froth artificial bee colony algorithm (BeFABC). The BeFABC has been assessed on 25 benchmark test problems and compared with other state-of-art algorithms. Further, it is applied to solve 62 well-known instances of discrete JSSP. The obtained numerical results and statistical analysis depict that the proposed algorithm is competent in dealing with the discrete real-world JSSP.
Swarm intelligence is one of the most promising area for the researchers in the field of numerical optimization. Researchers have developed many algorithms by simulating the swarming behavior of ...various creatures like ants, honey bees, fish, birds and the findings are very motivating. In this paper, a new approach for numerical optimization is proposed by modeling the foraging behavior of spider monkeys. Spider monkeys have been categorized as fission–fusion social structure based animals. The animals which follow fission–fusion social systems, split themselves from large to smaller groups and vice-versa based on the scarcity or availability of food. The proposed swarm intelligence approach is named as Spider Monkey Optimization (SMO) algorithm and can broadly be classified as an algorithm inspired by intelligent foraging behavior of fission–fusion social structure based animals.
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•Synthesis of 4-((Z)-1-(((Z)-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)hydrazineylidene)ethyl)benzene-1,3-diol (HMHEB).•HMHEB acted as a UV–visible, fluorescence, colorimetric, and ...electrochemical sensor to detect Cu2+ and Pd2+ ions through Photoinduced electron transfer (PET), charge transfer, and d-d transition.•Association affinity, limits of detection, quantification, and linear ranges were determined.•The colorimetric observations checked HMHEB reversibility with Cu2+ and Pd2+ ions.
The colorimetric detection of metal ions is significantly applied for industrial, ecological, and medical applications. Here, we synthesize 4-((Z)-1-(((Z)-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)-hydrazineylidene)ethyl)benzene-1,3-diol a new chemosensor that acts for sensitive and selective detection of Cu2+ and Pd2+ ions to the ligand. The recognition is determined by redshift in UV–visible, emission intensity changes in fluorescence, colorless to yellow coloration, and cyclic voltammetric signal changes with the addition of Cu2+ and Pd2+ ions to the ligand. The insights into the color changes are described visually and under different wavelengths of light. The designed colorimetric sensing model is developed as paper, cotton, and mask-based assay for Pd2+ and Cu2+ ion. The chemosensor reversibility is checked with the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and color changes are observed with naked eyes. The infrared (IR) spectral analysis describes ligand's binding behavior towards selective metal ions. In addition, the chemosensor works for low detection limit (4.906 × 10-7 M for Cu2+, 9.802 × 10-7 M for Pd2+), limit of quantitation (1.636 × 10-6 M for Cu2+, 3.267 × 10-6 M for Pd2+) with good association affinity (1.273 × 105 M−1 for HMHEB-Cu2+ binding, 6.983 × 1010 M−2 for HMHEB-Pd2+ binding).
•Denaturation temperature and enthalpy of sunflower protein isolates were decreased.•SDS-PAGE profile showed a significant reduction in molecular weight.•Increase in surface hydrophobicity and ...sulfhydryl content was observed after ultrasound treatment.•Particle size of sunflower protein isolates was reduced.•All functional properties were improved significantly except water binding capacity.
The influence of high intensity ultrasound (HIUS) on physicochemical and functional properties of sunflower protein isolates was investigated. Protein solutions (10% w/v) were treated with ultrasound probe (20kHz) and ultrasound bath (40kHz) for 5, 10, 20 and 30min. Thermal stability of protein isolates was reduced as indicated by differential scanning calorimetry. Minimum thermal stability was observed at 20min of sonication and increased further with increase in treatment time indicating aggregation at prolonged sonication. SDS-PAGE profile of proteins showed a significant reduction in molecular weight. Further, surface hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl content increased after HIUS treatment indicating partial unfolding of proteins and reduction in the intermolecular interactions. The particle size analysis showed that HIUS treatment reduced the particle size. Less turbid solution were observed largely due to reduction in particle size. HIUS decreased the available lysine content in protein isolates. Solubility, emulsifying capacity, emulsion stability, foaming capacity, foam stability and oil binding capacity were improved significantly, while as, water binding capacity was decreased. The effect of HIUS on physicochemical and functional properties of sunflower protein isolates was more pronounced in probe sonication rather than bath sonication. Protein isolates with improved functional properties can be obtained using high intensity ultrasound technology.
Visible-light-assisted photocatalysis for the degradation of organic pollutants has recently become an efficient green approach in the field of environmental pollution abatement. Herein, ...graphene-templated zeolite-imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) derived, Co nanoparticle embedded, nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (G-Co-NCNTs) have been developed as a promising, inexpensive, high-yield photocatalyst to decompose reactive black 5 (RB5) under visible light irradiation. Morphology and structural characterization studies revealed that the growth of NCNTs along with pyridinic N content and the abundance of meso-micropores were greater in G-Co-NCNT than in Co-NCNT itself, suggesting the importance of graphene for in situ growth of ZIF-67 on GO. DRS study reveals that G-Co-NCNT exhibited low optical band gap (∼2.9 eV), assisting in the promotion of photoresponse behavior. The photocatalytic activity of our designed G-Co-NCNT hybrid showed excellent dye degradation ability (98%) after 60 min with a wide range of pH tolerance and promising reusability even after five cycles (93%) under visible light, while Co-NCNT demonstrated only about 62% dye degradation, further implying the importance of graphene and oriented NCNTs for dye degradation. Therefore, the G-Co-NCNT hybrid could be used as an efficient photocatalyst for the remediation of organic pollutants in wastewater.
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•A highly sensitive 5-bromo-1H-indol based sensor for Sm(III) and Dy(III) was reported.•UV–visible and fluorescence studies revealed the selective behavior of the receptor.•The ...quantum yields reported for BIHMPP is 0.29, Sm(III)-BIHMPP complex is 0.38 and Dy(III)-BIHMPP complex is 0.56.•Maximum concentration was measured 1.2 nM and 0.7 nM for Sm(III) and Dy(III) ions respectively.
We have designed 1,3-bis(4-((E)-((Z)-((5-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)hydrazono)methyl)-3-methoxyphenoxy)propane (BIHMPP) molecular receptor that posses π–π* and n–π* electronic transitions as well as PET (photo-induced electron transfer). When the receptor BIHMPP was tested with different metal ions under UV–visible and fluorescence techniques, only the introduction of Sm(III) and Dy(III) ions to the solution showed the change in spectra due to interactions between the receptor and metal ions (Sm(III) and Dy(III)). The quantum yields for BIHMPP is 0.29, Sm(III)-BIHMPP complex is 0.38, and Dy(III)-BIHMPP complex is 0.56. The ligand:metal binding stoichiometry observed is 2:1 (metal:BIHMPP) and maximum concentration that could be measured 1.2 nM and 0.7 nM for Sm(III) and Dy(III) ions respectively and with low detection limits. The cyclic voltammetric studies reveal the concomitant changes in electron transfer processes and support the complex formation.
Hind Swaraj was published in Gujarati language in the journal Indian Opinion under the title Hind Swarajaya in 1909, and its English version as Indian Home Rule by Mahatma Gandhi was published in ...Phoenix, Natal, 1910. This extraordinary work possesses an authority of its own. It is the seed from which the Gandhian thought has grown. He considered the views expressed in the ‘Hind Swaraj’ as sacred as ‘almost part of his being’. Gandhi, through the expressions in this, spelt out his strategy for future action which was to be rooted in the belief of the pre-eminence of ancient Indian civilisation, which in contrast with the western ‘represents the best that the world has ever seen’. The high point of the book is the virtue of non-violence as against violent revolution and the need to use ethical means to attain independence by means of educational reforms and adoption of technology suitable to Indian conditions. He advised the revolutionaries to follow the righteousness of Indian culture by reverting ‘to their own glorious civilisation’. The core of the book, as conveyed through the title is an analysis of the nature of British rule in India and its manifestations, its consequences in the political and moral decay of Indian society. Hind Swaraj is the prescription to pull India out of this muddle.
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•Probe COM-CH sensing ability towards Th4+ chromogenic and fluorogenic methods in ACN: H2O (8:2, v/v).•Probe COM-CH photophysical, solvatochromism, aggregation were studies by UV–Vis ...and fluorescence spectral studies.•Probe COM-CH form a 2:1 stoichiometry complex with Th4+ ions with an estimated binding constant of 1.92 × 108 M−2.•Probe COM-CH is used for the in-vivo bioimaging of Th4+ in Caenorhabditis elegans.
The manuscript presents the synthesis of a new di-chromene Schiff base (COM-CH) by combining 7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide and 4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde, and its characterization using various analytical techniques. The probe COM-CH functional group contains a hard donor atom that selectively complexes with Th4+ ions. This report investigated COM-CH's sensing ability towards Th4+ chromogenic and fluorogenic methods in ACN: H2O (8:2, v/v) with Th4+ ions. The COM-CH-Th4+ complex was excited at 430 nm, resulting in a bright emission band at 475 nm with a 45 nm Stokes shift. The COM-CH probe demonstrated the highest performance at pH 4.0 to 8.0, with a sensitivity of 18.7 nM. The complex formation of COM-CH with Th4+ was investigated using NMR, FTIR spectrometry, and density functional theory calculations. The COM-CH and Th4+ are bound with 2:1 stoichiometry and an association constant of 1.92 × 108 M−2. The probe's performance enabled the analysis of monazite sand and water samples for Th4+ content. The probe successfully detected Th4+ content in Caenorhabditis elegans, marking the first Th4+ detection in animal models.
Feature selection is a technique commonly used in Data Mining and Machine Learning. Traditional feature selection methods, when applied to large datasets, generate a large number of feature subsets. ...Selecting optimal features within this high dimensional data space is time-consuming and negatively affects the system's performance. This paper proposes a new binary Salp Swarm Algorithm (bSSA) for selecting the best feature set from transformed datasets. The proposed feature selection method first transforms the original data-set using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and fast Independent Component Analysis (fastICA) based hybrid data transformation methods; next, a binary Salp Swarm optimizer is used for finding the best features. The proposed feature selection approach improves accuracy and eliminates the selection of irrelevant features. We validate our technique on fifteen different benchmark data sets. We conduct an extensive study to measure the performance and feature selection accuracy of the proposed technique. The proposed bSSA is compared to Binary Genetic Algorithm (bGA), Binary Binomial Cuckoo Search (bBCS), Binary Grey Wolf Optimizer (bGWO), Binary Competitive Swarm Optimizer (bCSO), and Binary Crow Search Algorithm (bCSA). The proposed method attains a mean accuracy of 95.26% with 7.78% features on PCA-fastICA transformed datasets. The results show that bSSA outperforms the existing methods for the majority of the performance measures.
BACKGROUNDSurgeons often come across split earlobe (SEL) deformities in their clinical practice which usually result from wearing heavy earrings for a long duration. It is of utmost importance to ...achieve a satisfactory repair with increased strength in one go.
OBJECTIVETo describe a strong repair for partial SEL with preservation of the orifice.
MATERIALS AND METHODSThis study is a retrospective review of 25 patients (36 earlobes), who underwent repair of partial SEL deformity with an orifice preserving double opposing Z-plasty in the hospital, from January 2014 to June 2015. The duration of follow-up was 12 months.
RESULTSAdequate cosmetic results were obtained in all patients with no need for revision surgery due to recurrence or scar dehiscence. Patients did not report any difficulty in wearing earrings and were satisfied with the aesthetic outcome.
CONCLUSIONThe orifice preserving double opposing Z-plasty technique seems to offer an efficacious method of repair of partial SEL deformity with an acceptable scar. The technique is simple and reproducible with good aesthetic outcomes and minimal complications.
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