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Interaction of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) (anti-cancer drug) with hydro-compacted nanosilica A-300 (cA-300) alone or cA-300/human serum albumin (HSA) at a small content of water ...(h = 0.4 g per gram of dry silica) in different dispersion media (air, chloroform, and chloroform/trifluoroacetic acid) was analyzed using low-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy, NMR cryoporometry and quantum chemistry to elucidate specific changes in the interfacial layers. Initial (bulk density ρb ≈ 0.046 g/cm3) and hydro-compacted (ρb ≈ 0.051–0.265 g/cm3 as a function of the hydration degree) nanosilicas were analyzed using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, gelatin adsorption, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), TEM, and infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Equilibrium adsorption of DOX onto cA-300 and cA-300/HSA was analyzed using ultraviolet–visible light spectroscopy. Photon correlation spectroscopy was used to analyze the particle size distribution in aqueous suspensions with various contents of components. DOX more strongly bound to HSA than silica also affects structure of interfacial water layers that depends on dispersion media because chloroform as immiscible with water changes the water organization to enlarge water structures. In aqueous media, DOX alone remains mainly in the form of nano/microparticles (50 nm–2 µm in size). However, with the presence of cA-300, cA-300/HSA, and HSA alone DOX transforms into pure nano-sized structures. These effects are explained by effective bonding of DOX to HSA having good transport properties with respect to drug molecules/ions that exceed similar properties of nanosilica alone, but cA-300/HSA can be a more effective composite as a drug carrier.
Changing approaches to the management of patients with arterial hypertension, reflected in international recommendations regarding, including diagnosis, determination of a cardiovascular risk, ...required to return to the issue of the place of fundoscopy in routine clinical practice. Recent studies have clarified the prevalence of various retinopathy options using new, highly accurate instruments. A large number of works are devoted to the study of the prognostic role of fundoscopy, and here the opinions of researchers are unequivocal: the detection of signs of the initial stages of retinopathy has a very little effect on patient management. It should be agreed with the opinion of experts from the European Cardiology Society that fundoscopy is indicated mainly in patients with difficult to control or resistant hypertension, and is not recommended for people with mild to moderate hypertension, not suffering from diabetes, with the exception of young patients.
Introduction. At present, a number of clinical studies have confirmed the relationship between blood pressure and cognitive impairment. Objective. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship ...between cognitive impairment and subclinical changes in carotid arteries in hypertensive patients. Material and methods. 69 patients with hypertensive disease of the II stage, average age of 51.38 ± 0.94 years, were examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups with absence and presence of cognitive impairment. The examination of the right common carotid artery was carried out using an ultrasound multifunction scanner. To study cognitive impairment used a number of MoCA test. Results. The average thickness of the intima-media complex in the patients of the first and second groups was not significantly different. The proportion of people with intima-media complex thickness exceeding normal values was significantly higher in persons with cognitive impairment (71%) than in persons without them (39.5%). Сonclusions. In patients with stage II of hypertensive disease, the thickness of the intima-media complex of the carotid artery was increased. A positive correlation of increased thickness of the intoma-media complex with hypertensive crises was found only in persons with cognitive impairment.
Background. Arterial hypertension plays a decisive role in the development of atrial fibrillation, being the most important risk factor. Purpose. Analyze the literature on modern concepts of the ...relationship between blood pressure variability and atrial fibrillation. Material and methods. We analyzed 53 literature sources. Results. Information about the modern mechanisms of atrial fibrillation formation in arterial hypertension has been obtained. Approaches to the choice of antihypertensive therapy in patients with arterial hypertension and atrial fibrillation have been described. Conclusions. Based on the studies presented in the literature, it was found that blood pressure variability has an additional contribution to cardiovascular risk. Reducing blood pressure variability can be added as one of the important strategies in the treatment of arterial hypertension and atrial fibrillation.
The article presents a review of the literature on the role of hypertension in the mechanisms of atrial fibrillation, therelationshipbetweenwhichincreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and ...mortality. The importance of taking into account the increased variability of BP in the development of target organ damage and adverse cardiovascular events is shown. Approaches to the choice of antihypertensive therapy in patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation have been identified. It has been found that reducing BP variability can be added as one of the most important strategies in the treatment of hypertension and atrial fibrillation.
Current guidelines do not suggest considering blood pressure variability in the management of hypertensive patients. At the same time, a sufficient evidence base has been accumulated on the ...relationship of blood pressure variability with damage to target organs, the development of stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality, and kidney disease. In general, assessing the effect of blood pressure variability on the course of arterial hypertension, it can be assumed that it is not as significant as the absolute values of blood pressure, but this effect has been proven, regardless of the degree of hypertension. And if a practitioner finds an increased variability in blood pressure in his patient, he should know what recommendations should be given to him. Not all traditional lifestyle modification factors that are suggested for hypertensive patients affect blood pressure variability in the same way as blood pressure readings. Thus, we were unable to find evidence of the influence of increased consumption of table salt, physical activity, «chronic psychological stress» on the variability of blood pressure in the general population. At the same time, dietary habits, alcohol abuse, smoking status affect the level of blood pressure, blood pressure variability in both healthy individuals and patients with arterial hypertension. The same effect is exerted by the relative intake of minerals with food, toxic agents (lead). If in individuals of the general population an increase in body weight leads to an increase in blood pressure, then in patients with arterial hypertension such an effect is nonlinear, depending on the type of obesity. It should be emphasized once again that the presence of psychoemotional disorders symptoms of anxiety, depression – in patients with arterial hypertension contributes both to an increase in the level of blood pressure, but also to its variability.
The article presents a review of the literature on the role of myocardial fibrosis in the development of myocardial remodeling in patients with arterial hypertension. Information about the state of ...the structure and function of the extracellular matrix in health and disease is generalized. The characteristics of myocardial fibrosis biomarkers detection in the circulating blood are reflected.
Purpose of the study. assessment of relationship between the thickness of the intima-media complex, indicators of carotid artery rigidity state and cognitive dysfunction as a marker of brain damage ...and the study of their prognostic significance in the development of cognitive impairment in arterial hypertension patients. Material and methods. The subject of the examination was a group of 69 patients with stage II arterial hypertension, grade 2–3, not receiving any antihypertensive therapy or being treated irregularly, aged 51,38 ± 0,94 years. The control group consisted of 12 practically healthy, normotensive individuals aged 54,25 ± 2,74 years, without cognitive impairment. The Montreal Scale (MoCA test) was used to assess cognitive functions. The state of the carotid artery was studied with the help of sonography with recording the thickness of the intima-media complex; Peterson and Young modules, linear tensile properties, radial tension of the vessel wall, parameter β, local pulse wave velocity were calculated. Results. There was a significant increase in the thickness of the intima-media complex in patients without cognitive impairment (0,83 ± 0,02; p < 0,05) and with cognitive impairment (0,89 ± 0,03; p < 0,05) relative to healthy individuals (0,68 ± 0,03) in the absence of significant differences between groups of patients (p > 0,05). Of the remaining indicators of vascular rigidity, only β parameter differed from the control group in patients without cognitive impairment, while in patients with cognitive impairment all studied parameters differed from the control group (p < 0,05). A correlation was established between cognitive impairment and the thickness of the carotid intima-media complex (only with increased values of the carotid intima-media complex thickness – r = 0,62; p < 0,05), with the stiffness index (r = –0,392; p < 0,05), local SPV SA (r = –0,326, p < 0,05). Analysis of the area under the ROC curve 0,60 ± 0,07 (95% CI: 0,47–0,74; p = 0,124) for the indicator of the intima-media complex to determine the likelihood of the development of cognitive impairment in patients with hypertension indicates the unsatisfactory quality of the model. Conclusions. Value of carotid intima-media complex thickness and other indicators of vascular rigidity to determine the likelihood of developing cognitive impairment in patients with poor-quality hypertension (AUC below 0,60) cannot serve as a marker for predicting cognitive dysfunction in patients with hypertensive disease.
Was examined 92 patients with congestive heart failure III-IV FC with fraction of emission left ventricle < 45% against coronary artery disease. Patients of control group received basic therapy ...(according to recommendations of the Ukrainian society of cardiology), the 1 group--in addition received a preparation of Vazonat within 15 days intravenously in a dose of 1000 mg a day further are out-patient within 1 month on 250 mg 3 times per os; the 2 group--under the same scheme a preparation of Vazonat and a day tranquilizer of Adapto in a dose of 500 mg twice a day throughout all term of supervision. It is established that addition of Vazonat to basic treatment leads to additional effect concerning improvement of indicators cardio-hemodynamic, to improvement congestive functions. Joint appointment of preparations of Vazonat and Adaptol against basic treatment leads to more expressed improvement congestive functions, to progressive reduction of degree of trouble, depression.
A study of the content of myoglobin in the blood serum in 112 patients suffering of acute myocardial infarction showed the relationship between the reduction of this index and the kind of employed ...therapy (alpha-tocopherol, cytochrom-C, pyracetam). It was established inclusion of alpha-tocopherol in the treatment produced a most pronounced effect on normalization of the increased content of myoglobin.
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