Status of HCCR TBM program for DEMO blanket Cho, Seungyon; Ahn, Mu-Young; Chun, Young-Bum ...
Fusion engineering and design,
October 2021, 2021-10-00, 20211001, Letnik:
171
Journal Article
Recenzirano
•The main functions and design concepts of the HCCR breeding blanket are to be verified in ITER through the HCCR Test Blanket Module (TBM) program.•R&D activities for the HCCR TBM program in the ...fields of structural and breeder material, TBM set fabrication technology, tritium extraction technology, and helium cooling technology were introduced.•The maximum operating temperature and pressure conditions and thermal properties of Li2TiO3 were determined by investigating the sintering phenomena and pebble degradation.•The capability of absorption and desorption of hydrogen isotopes was investigated in the cryogenic molecular sieves adopted in the TES. .•The performance curves (characteristics) of the circulator obtained with the pressure ratio data were well grouped according to the corrected speed and the corrected mass flow rate under the reference conditions of 80 bar and a 50 °C helium flow.
Development of the Helium Cooled Ceramic Reflector (HCCR) breeding blanket is underway according to the development strategy of core technology for K-DEMO under the fusion energy development roadmap in Korea. The main goals are to validate integrated design tools and to develop core technologies in the field of materials, manufacturing and joining technologies, helium cooling and tritium technologies, system integration, and safety technologies. A unique graphite reflector concept was adopted to save cost by reducing the amount of beryllium neutron multiplier. The main functions and design concepts of the HCCR breeding blanket are to be verified in ITER through the HCCR Test Blanket Module (TBM) program. Not only breeder modules are to be tested in ITER but also the technologies of cooling, coolant purification, tritium extraction, etc. are to be tested or proved in ITER before employed in DEMO. This paper introduces the current updates of the design and R&D activities of the HCCR TBM systems in the preliminary design stage.
Background/Aims: Daratumumab has shown an encouraging antitumor effect in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), and was known to alter the immune properties by off-targeting immunosuppressive cells. ...Here, we aimed to evaluate the change in absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) as a surrogate marker for predicting survival outcomes of patients treated with daratumumab.
Methods: Between 2018 and 2021, the medical records of patients with relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) treated with daratumumab monotherapy at 10 centers in South Korea were reviewed. We collected the ALC data at pre-infusion (D0), day 2 after the first infusion (D2), and prior to the third cycle of daratumumab therapy (D56).
Results: Fifty patients who were administered at least two cycles of daratumumab were included. Overall response rate was 54.0% after two cycles of daratumumab treatment. On D2, almost all patients experienced a marked reduction in ALC. However, an increase in ALC on D56 (ALCD56) was observed in patients with non-progressive disease, whereas failure of ALC recovery was noted in those with progressive disease. Patients with ALCD56 > 700/μL (n = 39, 78.0%) had prolonged progression- free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with ALCD56 ≤ 700/μL (median PFS: 5.8 months vs. 2.6 months, p = 0.025; median OS: 24.1 months vs. 6.1 months, p = 0.004). In addition, ALCD56 >700/μL was a significant favorable prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio HR, 0.22; p = 0.003) and OS (HR, 0.23; p = 0.012).
Conclusions: Increase in ALC during daratumumab treatment was significantly associated with prolonged survival outcomes in patients with RRMM. The ALC value can predict clinical outcomes in patients treated with daratumumab.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare straight and tapered implant designs in terms of marginal bone loss, the modified plaque index (mPI), and the modified bleeding index (mBI) for 5 years ...after functional loading. Methods: Twelve patients were recruited. Two types of implants were placed adjacent to each other: 1 straight implant and 1 tapered implant. Marginal bone loss, mPI, and mBI were measured every year for 5 years after loading. Results: The straight implants showed 0.2±0.4 mm of marginal bone loss at 5 years after loading, while the tapered implants showed 0.2±0.3 mm of marginal bone loss; this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.833). Our analysis also showed no statistically significant differences in mPI (straight implants: 0.3±0.3 vs. tapered implants: 0.2±0.3; P=0.414) or in mBI (straight implants: 0.3±0.4 vs. tapered implants: 0.2±0.3; P=0.317) at 5 years after prosthesis delivery. Conclusions: Straight and tapered implants showed no significant differences with respect to marginal bone loss, mPI, and mBI for 5 years after loading.
목적 본 연구 목적은 대학 아이스하키 팀 긍정 심리 개입 프로그램을 개발하고, 현장에 적용하여 그 효과를 검증하는 것이다.
방법 국내 대학 아이스하키 팀 선수 78명을 대상으로 요구분석을 하고, 참여관찰을 실시하여 프로그램 개발을 위한 자료 수집을 하였다. 전문가 회의를 거쳐 최종 프로그램을 개발하고, A대학교 아이스하키 팀에 적용하였다. 프로그램 ...효과검증은 행복검사 I, 강점 인식, 팀 상호작용 검사지 사전 사후 통계 분석과 경험보고서 및 프로그램 평가지 작성, 선수 심층면담을 통한 질적 분석도 하였다.
결과 첫째, 요구분석을 통한 구성요인 탐색 결과 상호작용, 강점 활용, 긍정 심리 등으로 나타났고 대표적인 요인들을 프로그램에 반영하였다. 둘째, 프로그램은 현장성이 높고, 신뢰도와 타당성을 확보할 수 있도록 문헌고찰, 참여관찰, 전문가 회의 등 다양한 방법과 통합 분석에 의거하여 개발하였다. 셋째, 프로그램 목표는 개인 및 팀원 강점 인식 기회 제공, 팀 상호작용과 행복감 증진이다. 넷째, 본 연구를 통해 개발한 프로그램은 대학 아이스하키 팀 선수들에게 행복감, 강점인식, 팀 상호작용에 있어 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났고, 긍정심리, 강점 인식 및 활용, 긍정적 상호작용, 팀 응집력 효과 역시 나타났다.
결론 본 연구 결과는 팀 스포츠 현장에서 긍정심리학 활용 가능성을 보여 주며 팀을 위한 긍정 심리 개입 프로그램의 기초 자료로 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop a positive psychological intervention program for a college ice hockey team and test its effects based on application to the team. METHODS The demands of 78 college ice hockey players were asked through open questionnaires. Collected results underwent integrated analysis to develop the desired program through the participants who were also observers of the team. The objectives of the program were established, and an appropriate program was developed based on the analyzed data, expert opinion, and precedent research. The developed program was applied to 26 players of a college ice hockey team to verify its effects. Tasks included writing experience reports and in-depth interviews. The Happiness Measures 1, Strength Knowledge, and Team Interaction Questionnaires were also administered. Collected qualitative data were categorized to follow inductive analysis procedures, while paired t-tests were performed for quantitative data using SPSS 25.0. RESULTS To improve the application of the program in real situations and maintain credibility and validity, the program was developed based on analyses of individual and team demands, methods of the participant as an observer, expert opinion, and other considerations. Statistically meaningful differences in positive psychological mind, happiness, recognition and utilization of strengths, team interactions, team cohesion, and so on were found using paired t-tests comparing data before and after the developed positive psychological intervention program. CONCLUSIONS Providing opportunities to recognize individual and team strengths and have valuable experiences for each player could enhance interactions between teammates and create a favorable team environment.
Predictive factors for initiating hypomethylating agents’ (HMAs) treatment and the survival benefit of HMAs for lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (LR-MDS) are still unknown. This study evaluated ...the factors affecting the use of HMAs and compared long-term outcomes between best supportive care (BSC) and HMA groups after matching baseline clinical factors. Data of 353 patients diagnosed with LR-MDS by International Prognostic Scoring System between October 1992 and July 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. HMAs were administered continuously until a clinical response or progression. HMAs were administered to 243 patients with median 45 days (range 0–7078 days) after diagnosis, while 110 patients were treated with BSC. HMAs were administered over a median of 5 cycles and overall response was achieved in 104 patients (42.8%). The cumulative incidence of HMA treatment increased in higher-risk groups by other risk scoring systems. Three-year overall survival (OS) rate was higher in BSC group (69.1%) than HMA responders (47.4%,
p
= 0.065) or HMA non-responders (46.3%,
p
= 0.005). Among 162 case-matched cohorts, 3-year OS rates were comparable between the BSC group (67.1%) and HMA responders (58.1%,
p
= 0.914), while that of HMA non-responder was low (32.2%,
p
< 0.001). In the case-matched cohorts, HMA non-responder were associated with inferior OS rate in the multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 3.01,
p
= 0.001). Higher-risk groups by other clinical risk scoring systems among IPSS lower-risk patients showed an increased incidence of using HMAs. The OS rate of HMA responders among case-matched cohorts showed an improved OS rate similar to the BSC group.
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