Although an association between maternal nutritional intake and developmental delays in children has been demonstrated, the association of the timing of meal intake and development delays remains ...unclear. We examined the association between breakfast intake frequency before and during pregnancy and developmental delay in children.
Of the pregnant women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Three-Generation Cohort Study, 7491 answered the required questions and were analyzed. The frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to early pregnancy and from early to mid-pregnancy was classified into four groups: daily, and 5-6, 3-4, and 0-2 times/week. Child developmental delays at age 2 and 3.5 years were assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine the association between breakfast intake frequency in pregnant women and developmental delays in children aged 2 and 3.5 years.
The proportion of pregnant women who had breakfast daily was 78.1% in pre- to early pregnancy, and 82.2% in early to mid-pregnancy. The proportion of children with developmental delays was 14.7% and 13.4% at age 2 and 3.5 years, respectively. Compared with the risk in children of women who had breakfast daily from pre- to early pregnancy, children of women who had breakfast 0-2 times/week had a higher risk of developmental delays at 2 years of age: odds ratio (OR) 1.30, (95% confidence interval CI, 1.02-1.66). The risk of developmental delays at age 2 years increased in the children of women who had breakfast 0-2 times/week in early to mid- pregnancy: OR 1.75 (95% CI, 1.32-2.32). The risk of developmental delays at age 3.5 years did not increase in the children of women who had breakfast 0-2 times/week from pre- to early and early to mid-pregnancy: OR 1.06 (95% CI, 0.81-1.39 and OR 1.15 (95% CI 0.84-1.57), respectively.
For women with a low frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to mid-pregnancy there was an association with developmental delays in their children at age 2, but not at 3.5 years.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Background
Japanese traditional (Kampo) medicines containing ephedra may be used to treat colds during pregnancy. There are reports that ephedrine, a component of ephedra, has a risk of ...teratogenicity; however, the evidence remains equivocal.
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the risk of major congenital malformations (MCMs) associated with exposure to Kampo medicines containing ephedra during the first trimester of pregnancy using the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study (TMM BirThree Cohort Study).
Methods
To 23,730 mother–infant pairs who participated in the TMM BirThree Cohort Study from July 2013 to March 2017, questionnaires in early and middle pregnancy were distributed approximately at weeks 12 and 26 of pregnancy, respectively. Infants' risk of MCMs in women who used Kampo medicines containing ephedra or acetaminophen during the first trimester was assessed, and the odds ratios (ORs) were estimated with unadjusted and adjusted analyses.
Results
Among 20,879 women, acetaminophen and Kampo medicines containing ephedra were used in 665 (3.19%) and 376 (1.80%) women, respectively, in the first trimester. Among the infants born to the mothers who used acetaminophen or Kampo medicine containing ephedra during the first trimester, 11 (1.65%) and 8 (2.13%), respectively, had overall MCMs. OR of overall MCMs was higher in women who used Kampo medicines containing ephedra than in those who used acetaminophen in the first trimester (adjusted OR, 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CIs), 0.57–3.71); however, the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
In this study, there was no statistically significant association between the use of Kampo medicines containing ephedra during the first trimester of pregnancy and the risk of MCMs. Although some point estimates of ORs exceeded 1.00, the absolute magnitude of any increased risks would be low.
To examine whether body type at birth, body weight, and obesity in early childhood are associated with overweight/obesity during school age and puberty. Data from maternal and child health handbooks, ...baby health checkup information, and school physical examination information of participants at birth and three-generation cohort studies were linked. Association between body type and body weight at different time intervals (at birth and at 1.5, 3.5, 6, 11, and 14 years of age) were comprehensively analyzed using a multivariate regression model adjusted for gender, maternal age at childbirth, maternal parity, and maternal body mass index, and drinking and smoking statuses at pregnancy confirmation. Children who are overweight in young childhood had a greater risk of being overweight. Particularly, overweight at one year of age during checkup was associated with overweight at 3.5 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 13.42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 4.46-45.42), 6 years (aOR, 6.94; 95% CI, 1.64-33.46), and 11 years (aOR, 5.22; 95% CI, 1.25-24.79) of age. Therefore, being overweight in young childhood could increase the risk of being overweight and obese during school age and puberty. Early intervention in young childhood may be warranted to prevent obesity during school age and puberty.
IMPORTANCE: Whether some domains of child development are specifically associated with screen time and whether the association continues with age remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association ...between screen time exposure among children aged 1 year and 5 domains of developmental delay (communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal and social skills) at age 2 and 4 years. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND SETTING: This cohort study was conducted under the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. Pregnant women at 50 obstetric clinics and hospitals in the Miyagi and Iwate prefectures in Japan were recruited into the study between July 2013 and March 2017. The information was collected prospectively, and 7097 mother-child pairs were included in the analysis. Data analysis was performed on March 20, 2023. EXPOSURE: Four categories of screen time exposure were identified for children aged 1 year (<1, 1 to <2, 2 to <4, or ≥4 h/d). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Developmental delays in the 5 domains for children aged 2 and 4 years were assessed using the Japanese version of the Ages & Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition. Each domain ranged from 0 to 60 points. Developmental delay was defined if the total score for each domain was less than 2 SDs from its mean score. RESULTS: Of the 7097 children in this study, 3674 were boys (51.8%) and 3423 were girls (48.2%). With regard to screen time exposure per day, 3440 children (48.5%) had less than 1 hour, 2095 (29.5%) had 1 to less than 2 hours, 1272 (17.9%) had 2 to less than 4 hours, and 290 (4.1%) had 4 or more hours. Children’s screen time was associated with a higher risk of developmental delay at age 2 years in the communication (odds ratio OR, 1.61 95% CI, 1.23-2.10 for 1 to <2 h/d; 2.04 1.52-2.74 for 2 to <4 h/d; 4.78 3.24-7.06 for ≥4 vs <1 h/d), fine motor (1.74 1.09-2.79 for ≥4 vs <1 h/d), problem-solving (1.40 1.02-1.92 for 2 to <4 h/d; 2.67 1.72-4.14 for ≥4 vs <1 h/d), and personal and social skills (2.10 1.39-3.18 for ≥4 vs <1 h/d) domains. Regarding risk of developmental delay at age 4 years, associations were identified in the communication (OR, 1.64 95% CI, 1.20-2.25 for 2 to <4 h/d; 2.68 1.68-4.27 for ≥4 vs <1 h/d) and problem-solving (1.91 1.17-3.14 for ≥4 vs <1 h/d) domains. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, greater screen time for children aged 1 year was associated with developmental delays in communication and problem-solving at ages 2 and 4 years. These findings suggest that domains of developmental delay should be considered separately in future discussions on screen time and child development.
Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the difference child blood pressure (BP) and renal function by subtypes of maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Design and ...method: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study is a prospective birth cohort study including pregnant women, children and their families. Using available data of children at 8 years old from December 2022 to March 2023, we analyzed the association between maternal HDP subtypes by extracted from medical record and systolic and diastolic BPs and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) collected at research facilities. Analysis of covariance adjusted for their sex, body mass index, small for gestational age were performed. Maternal grandparental hypertension and paternal hypertension for child BP, and maternal grandparental chronic nephritis and parental chronic nephritis were additionally adjusted. Results: A total of 684 children (357 male and 327 female) at 8 years old was included in this study. Among them, 56 children had mothers with HDP (24 gestational hypertension, 11 preeclampsia, 9 superimposed preeclampsia, 12 chronic hypertension). The mean (standard deviation) systolic/diastolic BPs and eGFR were 106.90 (10.51)/64.68 (8.77) mmHg and 110.91 (16.23) mL/min/1.73m 2 , respectively. Estimated systolic/diastolic BPs (standard error) of children with normotensive mothers, those with gestational hypertension mothers, those with preeclampsia mothers, those with superimposed preeclampsia mothers, and those with chronic hypertension mothers were: 106.44 (0.76)/64.58 (0.64) mmHg, 108.38 (2.11)/64.80 (1.78) mmHg, 107.59 (3.10)/64.70 (2.61) mmHg, 108.38 (3.38)/63.64 (2.85) mmHg, 112.19 (2.98)/64.58 (2.51) mmHg, respectively. Upon classification of HDP subtypes, estimated eGFR were as follows: 110.11 (1.23) mL/min/1.73m 2 , 111.61 (3.40) mL/min/1.73m 2 , 118.20 (4.99) mL/min/1.73m 2 , 105.13 (5.43) mL/min/1.73m 2 , and 119.42 (4.82) mL/min/1.73m 2 , respectively. The p-values were above 0.05 for the systolic and diastolic BPs and eGFR among HDP subtypes. Conclusions: The follow-up measurement is ongoing until 2026; therefore, further study with updated dataset is necessary and will be provided.
Introduction
Developmental delay at an early age indicates the probability of continued problems after school age. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are associated with developmental delays ...in offspring, with inconsistent outcomes. Neonatal outcomes vary according to HDP exposure and are relevant to development in later years. Here we aimed to clarify the relationship between HDP and developmental delay in offspring and whether neonatal outcomes mediate this association.
Material and methods
We used data from 5934 mother–child pairs from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three‐Generation Cohort Study, a prospective cohort study conducted in Japan between July 2013 and March 2017. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires, third edition, at 24 and 42 months of age, measured developmental delay in five areas. We performed multivariate quasi‐Poisson regression and causal mediation analysis by neonatal outcomes.
Results
At 24 months of age, compared to offspring born from normotensive mothers, offspring born from HDP‐affected mothers were more likely to experience developmental delay (risk ratio RR 1.29, 95% confidence interval CI: 1.09–1.52) in the areas of communication (RR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.00–1.45) and personal‐social (RR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03–1.28). This association was mediated by neonatal outcomes: preterm birth, neonatal asphyxia, NICU admission, and neonatal small head circumference. No association was observed between HDP and developmental delay at 42 months of age.
Conclusions
Exposure to HDP during fetal life is associated with offspring developmental delay. This association is partly mediated by neonatal outcomes.
In this cohort study in Japan, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were associated with offspring developmental delay in the communication and personal‐social areas at 24 but not 42 months of age. Neonatal outcomes partly mediate this association.
Purpose
To elucidate the status of medication use among pregnant women in Japan, by means of a multigenerational genome and birth cohort study: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and ...Three-Generation Cohort Study (TMM BirThree Cohort Study).
Methods
Questionnaires were distributed to pregnant women participating in the TMM BirThree Cohort Study (from July 2013 to March 2017) around 12 weeks (early pregnancy) and 26 weeks (middle pregnancy). We analysed medication use over three periods: (1) 12 months prior to pregnancy diagnosis, (2) the period between pregnancy diagnosis and around week 12 of pregnancy, and (3) post around week 12 of pregnancy.
Results
In total, 19,297 women were included in the analysis. The proportion of pregnant women using medications was 49.0% prior to pregnancy diagnosis, 52.1% from diagnosis to week 12, and 58.4% post week 12 of pregnancy. The most frequently prescribed medications were loxoprofen sodium hydrate (5.5%) prior to pregnancy diagnosis, magnesium oxide (5.9%) from diagnosis to week 12, and ritodrine hydrochloride (10.5%) post week 12 of pregnancy. The number of women who used suspected teratogenic medications during early pregnancy was 96 prior to pregnancy diagnosis, 48 from diagnosis to week 12, and 54 post week 12 of pregnancy.
Conclusion
We found that ~ 50% of the pregnant women used medications before and during pregnancy and some took potential teratogenic medications during pregnancy. In birth genomic cohort study, it is expected that investigations into the safety and effectiveness of medications used during pregnancy will advance.
The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study (TMM BirThree Cohort Study) included pregnant women, fetuses, and their families and relatives from 2013 to 2017. ...Currently, we are conducting follow-up surveys through questionnaires, blood and urine tests, disease onset surveys, and the collection of school health check-up information. Based on medical records from pregnancy to a month after delivery, the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, premature birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age were described and characterized according to parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and multiple pregnancies. The TMM BirThree Cohort Study promotes collaborative research and expands the use of valuable information for researchers. We aim to continue generating useful findings that would benefit the participants and local people.
東北メディカル・メガバンク計画三世代コホート調査は、2013年から2017年にかけて、妊婦と胎児、そのご家族、親族をリクルートした出生コホート研究である。現在は追跡調査として、調査票調査、血液・尿検査、学校健診情報や疾患発症調査等を実施している。妊娠中から産後1か月までの診療録を基に、妊娠高血圧症候群、妊娠糖尿病、早産、低出生体重、在胎不当過小の割合を、出産歴、妊娠前body mass ...index、多胎妊娠有無別に示し、それぞれに特徴が認められた。三世代コホート調査では、共同研究や分譲等の利活用も推進されている。今後も対象者の方々、地域の方々に役立つ知見を創出していきたい。
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